Vascular and perivascular nitric oxide release and transport: biochemical pathways of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS1) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3)
Catherine
Lloyd
Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland
Model Status
This CellML model runs in OpenCell and COR and is known to be mathematically consistent with the publication it was based on. The units are consistent. An additional variable and equation has been added to allow the CellML model to reproduce Figure 2 of the publication. The three different graphs of this figure can be produced by altering the variable 'Fe3' in the 'Fe3' component (this variable represents the concentration of NOS-1 in its Fe3+ bound state) to 0.3, 0.6 or 0.9 micromolar. In this particular version of the model it has been set to 0.9.
Model Structure
ABSTRACT: Nitric oxide (NO) derived from nitric oxide synthase (NOS) is an important paracrine effector that maintains vascular tone. The release of NO mediated by NOS isozymes under various O(2) conditions critically determines the NO bioavailability in tissues. Because of experimental difficulties, there has been no direct information on how enzymatic NO production and distribution change around arterioles under various oxygen conditions. In this study, we used computational models based on the analysis of biochemical pathways of enzymatic NO synthesis and the availability of NOS isozymes to quantify the NO production by neuronal NOS (NOS1) and endothelial NOS (NOS3). We compared the catalytic activities of NOS1 and NOS3 and their sensitivities to the concentration of substrate O(2). Based on the NO release rates predicted from kinetic models, the geometric distribution of NO sources, and mass balance analysis, we predicted the NO concentration profiles around an arteriole under various O(2) conditions. The results indicated that NOS1-catalyzed NO production was significantly more sensitive to ambient O(2) concentration than that catalyzed by NOS3. Also, the high sensitivity of NOS1 catalytic activity to O(2) was associated with significantly reduced NO production and therefore NO concentrations, upon hypoxia. Moreover, the major source determining the distribution of NO was NOS1, which was abundantly expressed in the nerve fibers and mast cells close to arterioles, rather than NOS3, which was expressed in the endothelium. Finally, the perivascular NO concentration predicted by the models under conditions of normoxia was paradoxically at least an order of magnitude lower than a number of experimental measurements, suggesting a higher abundance of NOS1 or NOS3 and/or the existence of other enzymatic or nonenzymatic sources of NO in the microvasculature.
model diagram
Schematic diagram of the mathematical model. Pathway of NO release and transport catalysed by neuronal nitric oxide synthase ((NOS1), here represented by the heme iron (Fe)). The heme ion of NOS1 binds L-arginine (Arg), hydroxyl-L-arginine (NOHA), and oxygen (O2), and undergoes a series of oxygenation and reduction reactions.
The original paper reference is cited below:
Vascular and perivascular nitric oxide release and transport: biochemical pathways of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS1) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3), Kejing Chen and Aleksander S. Popel, 2007,Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 42, 811-822. PubMed ID: 17320763
Fe3
neuronal nitric oxide synthase (heme iron 3+)
Fe3_Arg
neuronal nitric oxide synthase (heme iron 3+) bound to L-arginine
Fe2
neuronal nitric oxide synthase (heme iron 2+)
Fe2_Arg
neuronal nitric oxide synthase (heme iron 2+) bound to L-arginine
Fe3_O2_Arg
oxidised neuronal nitric oxide synthase (heme iron 3+) bound to L-arginine
Fe3_NOHA
neuronal nitric oxide synthase (heme iron 3+) bound to hydroxyl-L-arginine
Fe2_NOHA
neuronal nitric oxide synthase (heme iron 2+) bound to hydroxyl-L-arginine
Fe3_O2_NOHA
oxidised neuronal nitric oxide synthase (heme iron 3+) bound to hydroxyl-L-arginine
Fe3_NO
neuronal nitric oxide synthase (heme iron 3+) bound to nitric oxide
Fe2_NO
neuronal nitric oxide synthase (heme iron 2+) bound to nitric oxide
NO
nitric oxide
NO3
nitrate
NOHA
hydroxyl-L-arginine
nitric oxide
nitric oxide synthase
signal transduction
cerebral aneurysm
nitric oxide
nitric oxide synthase
signal transduction
cerebral aneurysm
Chen and Popel's 2007 mathematical model of vascular and perivascular nitric oxide release and transport, which includes biochemical pathways of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS1) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3).
10
Catherine Lloyd
James Lawson
2007-09-03T15:03:09+12:00
c.lloyd@auckland.ac.nz
Vascular and perivascular nitric oxide release and transport: biochemical pathways of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS1) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3)
42
811
822
The University of Auckland
Auckland Bioengineering Institute
keyword
2007-08-29T00:00:00+00:00
Aleksander
Popel
S
Free Radical Biology and Medicine
James
Lawson
Richard
Catherine
Lloyd
May
2007-03-15
Vascular and perivascular nitric oxide release and transport (Fe3 = 0.9 micromolar)
The University of Auckland, Auckland Bioengineering Institute
This model is known to run in PCEnv and COR and is known to be mathematically consistent with the publication it was based on. This model has had an equation added to allow it to reproduce Figure 2 of the publication
Kejing
Chen
Added equation defining time differential of NO production (i.e. production rate of NO by NOS1 in uM of NO/second). This was done to allow the model to reproduce figure 2 of the publicatio
17320763
This is a CellML description of Chen and Popel's 2007 mathematical model of vascular and perivascular nitric oxide release and transport, which includes biochemical pathways of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS1) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3).