- Author:
- pmr2.import <nobody@models.cellml.org>
- Date:
- 2006-08-21 04:37:19+12:00
- Desc:
- committing version02 of mcallister_noble_tsien_1975
- Permanent Source URI:
- https://staging.physiomeproject.org/workspace/mcallister_noble_tsien_1975/rawfile/34dc45e775917b36cb079bff604bf042023f2361/mcallister_noble_tsien_1975.cellml
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!-- FILE : MNT_purkinje_fibre_model_1975.xml
CREATED : September 2001
LAST MODIFIED : 5th April 2003
AUTHOR : Catherine Lloyd
Department of Engineering Science
The University of Auckland
MODEL STATUS : This model conforms to the CellML 1.0 Specification released on
10th August 2001, and the CellML Metadata 1.0 Specification released on 16
January 2002.
DESCRIPTION : This file contains a CellML description of cardiac action
potentials in purkinje fibres, based on the McAllister-Noble-Tsien model, 1975.
CHANGES:
19/10/2001 - CML - Removed document type definition as this is declared as
optional according to the W3C recommendation.
24/10/2001 - CML - Made changes to some of the metadata, bringing them up to
date with the most recent working draft (26th September) of
the Metadata specification.
10/12/2001 - CML - Changed equations after checking with the mathml validator.
03/01/2002 - CML - Altered parent-child relationships as x1 and x2 were made
to be gates of the plateau potassium currents.
20/01/2002 - AAC - Updated metadata to conform to the 16/01/2002 CellML
Metadata Specification.
28/02/2002 - CML - Corrected units.
19/07/2002 - CML - Added more metadata.
05/04/2003 - AAC - Changed the model name so the model loads in the database
easier.
--><model xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" xmlns:cmeta="http://www.cellml.org/metadata/1.0#" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:bqs="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#" xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" cmeta:id="MNT_purkinje_fibre_model_1975" name="mcallister_noble_tsien_1975_version02">
<!--
Below, are defined some additional units for association with variables and
constants within the model. The identifiers are fairly self-explanatory.
-->
<units name="ms">
<unit units="second" prefix="milli"/>
</units>
<units name="per_ms">
<unit units="second" prefix="milli" exponent="-1"/>
</units>
<units name="mV">
<unit units="volt" prefix="milli"/>
</units>
<units name="per_mV">
<unit units="volt" prefix="milli" exponent="-1"/>
</units>
<units name="per_mV_ms">
<unit units="mV" exponent="-1"/>
<unit units="ms" exponent="-1"/>
</units>
<units name="mS_per_mm2">
<unit units="siemens" prefix="milli"/>
<unit units="metre" prefix="milli" exponent="-2"/>
</units>
<units name="uF_per_mm2">
<unit units="farad" prefix="micro"/>
<unit units="metre" prefix="milli" exponent="-2"/>
</units>
<units name="uA_per_mm2">
<unit units="ampere" prefix="micro"/>
<unit units="metre" prefix="milli" exponent="-2"/>
</units>
<units name="concentration_units">
<unit units="mole" prefix="nano"/>
<unit units="metre" prefix="milli" exponent="-3"/>
</units>
<!--
The "environment" component is used to declare variables that are used by
all or most of the other components, in this case just "time".
-->
<component name="environment" cmeta:id="environment">
<variable units="ms" public_interface="out" name="time"/>
</component>
<!--
The "membrane" component is really the `root' node of our model.
It defines the action potential variable "V" among other things.
-->
<component name="membrane" cmeta:id="membrane">
<!-- These variables are defined here and used in other components. -->
<variable units="mV" public_interface="out" name="V" initial_value="-80.0"/>
<!-- These variables are defined here and only used internally. -->
<variable units="uF_per_mm2" name="C" initial_value="0.1"/>
<!-- These variables are imported from other components. -->
<variable units="ms" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="uA_per_mm2" public_interface="in" name="i_Na"/>
<variable units="uA_per_mm2" public_interface="in" name="i_si"/>
<variable units="uA_per_mm2" public_interface="in" name="i_K2"/>
<variable units="uA_per_mm2" public_interface="in" name="i_x1"/>
<variable units="uA_per_mm2" public_interface="in" name="i_x2"/>
<variable units="uA_per_mm2" public_interface="in" name="i_qr"/>
<variable units="uA_per_mm2" public_interface="in" name="i_K1"/>
<variable units="uA_per_mm2" public_interface="in" name="i_Na_b"/>
<variable units="uA_per_mm2" public_interface="in" name="i_Cl_b"/>
<variable units="uA_per_mm2" name="I_stim"/>
<!--
The membrane voltage (V) is calculated as an ordinary
differential equation in terms of the currents.
-->
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="membrane_voltage_diff_eq">
<apply id="membrane_voltage_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>I_stim</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> i_Na </ci>
<ci> i_si </ci>
<ci> i_K2 </ci>
<ci> i_x1 </ci>
<ci> i_x2 </ci>
<ci> i_qr </ci>
<ci> i_K1 </ci>
<ci> i_Na_b </ci>
<ci> i_Cl_b </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> C </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
<variable units="uA_per_mm2" public_interface="out" name="IStimC"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="IStim_for_cmiss_eq">
<apply id="IStim_for_cmiss">
<eq/>
<ci>IStimC</ci>
<ci>I_stim</ci>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<!--
The "fast_sodium_current" component contains the differential equations
governing the influx of sodium ions through the cell surface membrane
into the cell.
-->
<component name="fast_sodium_current" cmeta:id="fast_sodium_current">
<!-- These variables are defined here and used in other components. -->
<variable units="uA_per_mm2" public_interface="out" name="i_Na"/>
<variable units="mV" public_interface="out" name="E_Na" initial_value="40.0"/>
<!-- This variable is defined here and only used internally. -->
<variable units="mS_per_mm2" name="g_Na" initial_value="1.5"/>
<!--
Time is imported from the "environment", and membrane potential is
imported from the "membrane" component. These variables are used in the
"sodium_current" parent component, which also acts as an interface,
passing the variables to its encapsulated gate components.
-->
<variable units="ms" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
<variable units="mV" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="V"/>
<!-- These variables are imported from encapsulated components. -->
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="m"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="h"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="i_Na_calculation_eq">
<apply id="i_Na_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_Na </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_Na </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> m </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
<ci> h </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_Na </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<!--
The "fast_sodium_current_m_gate" is the activation m gate encapsulated
inside the "fast sodium current" component.
-->
<component name="fast_sodium_current_m_gate" cmeta:id="fast_sodium_current_m_gate">
<!-- This variable is defined here and used in other components. -->
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="m" initial_value="0.019"/>
<!-- These variables are defined here and only used internally. -->
<variable units="per_ms" name="alpha_m"/>
<variable units="per_ms" name="beta_m"/>
<!--
These variables are imported from the "environment" and the "membrane" via
the "fast_sodium_current" component.
-->
<variable units="mV" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="ms" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="alpha_m_calculation_eq">
<apply id="alpha_m_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> alpha_m </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 47.0 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 47.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 10.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="beta_m_calculation_eq">
<apply id="beta_m_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> beta_m </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_ms"> 40.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 72.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 17.86 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="dm_dt_eq">
<apply id="dm_dt">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> m </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alpha_m </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> m </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> beta_m </ci>
<ci> m </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<!--
The "fast_sodium_current_h_gate" component is the inactivation h gate
encapsulated in the "fast sodium current" component.
-->
<component name="fast_sodium_current_h_gate" cmeta:id="fast_sodium_current_h_gate">
<!-- This variable is defined here and used in other components. -->
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="h" initial_value="0.863"/>
<!-- These variables are defined here and only used internally. -->
<variable units="per_ms" name="alpha_h"/>
<variable units="per_ms" name="beta_h"/>
<!--
These variables are imported from the "environment" and the "membrane" via
the "fast_sodium_current" component.
-->
<variable units="mV" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="ms" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="alpha_h_calculation_eq">
<apply id="alpha_h_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> alpha_h </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_ms"> 0.0085 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 71.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 5.435 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="beta_h_calculation_eq">
<apply id="beta_h_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> beta_h </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="per_ms"> 2.5 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 10.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 12.2 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="dh_dt_eq">
<apply id="dh_dt">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> h </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alpha_h </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> h </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> beta_h </ci>
<ci> h </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="secondary_inward_current" cmeta:id="secondary_inward_current">
<!-- This variable is defined here and used in other components. -->
<variable units="uA_per_mm2" public_interface="out" name="i_si"/>
<!-- These variables are defined here and only used internally. -->
<variable units="mS_per_mm2" name="g_si" initial_value="0.008"/>
<variable units="mS_per_mm2" name="g_si_" initial_value="0.0004"/>
<variable units="mV" name="E_si" initial_value="70.0"/>
<!--
Time is imported from the "environment", and membrane potential is
imported from the "membrane" component. These variables are used in the
"secondary_inward_current" parent component, which also acts as an
interface, passing the variables to its encapsulated gate component.
-->
<variable units="ms" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
<variable units="mV" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="V"/>
<!-- These variables are imported from encapsulated components. -->
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="d"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="f"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="d1"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="i_si_calculation_eq">
<apply id="i_si_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_si </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_si </ci>
<ci> d </ci>
<ci> f </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_si </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_si_ </ci>
<ci> d1 </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_si </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<!--
The "secondary_inward_current_d_gate" component is the d gate encapsulated
in the "secondary inward current" component.
-->
<component name="secondary_inward_current_d_gate" cmeta:id="secondary_inward_current_d_gate">
<!-- This variable is defined here and used in other components. -->
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="d" initial_value="0.002"/>
<!-- These variables are defined here and only used internally. -->
<variable units="per_ms" name="alpha_d"/>
<variable units="per_ms" name="beta_d"/>
<!--
These variables are imported from the "environment" and the "membrane" via
the "slow_inward_current" component.
-->
<variable units="mV" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="ms" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="alpha_d_calculation_eq">
<apply id="alpha_d_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> alpha_d </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 40.0 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 500.0 </cn>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="ms"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 40.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 10.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="beta_d_calculation_eq">
<apply id="beta_d_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> beta_d </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_ms"> 0.02 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 40.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 11.26 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="dd_dt_eq">
<apply id="dd_dt">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> d </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alpha_d </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> d </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> beta_d </ci>
<ci> d </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<!--
The "secondary_inward_current_f_gate" component is the f gate encapsulated
in the "secondary inward current" component.
-->
<component name="secondary_inward_current_f_gate" cmeta:id="secondary_inward_current_f_gate">
<!-- This variable is defined here and used in other components. -->
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="f" initial_value="0.794"/>
<!-- These variables are defined here and only used internally. -->
<variable units="per_ms" name="alpha_f"/>
<variable units="per_ms" name="beta_f"/>
<!-- These variables are imported from parent and sibling components. -->
<variable units="mV" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="ms" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="alpha_f_calculation_eq">
<apply id="alpha_f_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> alpha_f </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_ms"> 0.000987 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 60.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 25.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="beta_f_calculation_eq">
<apply id="beta_f_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> beta_f </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="per_ms"> 0.02 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 26.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 11.5 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="df_dt_eq">
<apply id="df_dt">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> f </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alpha_f </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> f </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> beta_f </ci>
<ci> f </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<!--
The "secondary_inward_current_d1_gate" component is the d1 gate encapsulated
in the "secondary inward current" component.
-->
<component name="secondary_inward_current_d1_gate" cmeta:id="secondary_inward_current_d1_gate">
<!-- This variable is defined here and used in other components. -->
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="d1"/>
<!-- These variables are imported from other components. -->
<variable units="mV" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="ms" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="d1_calculation_eq">
<apply id="d1_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> d1 </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 40.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 6.667 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<!--
The pacemaker potassium current describes an outward flux of potassium ions
in terms of a single gate variable, s.
-->
<component name="pacemaker_potassium_current" cmeta:id="pacemaker_potassium_current">
<!-- These variables are defined here and used in other components. -->
<variable units="uA_per_mm2" public_interface="out" name="i_K2"/>
<variable units="uA_per_mm2" public_interface="out" name="I_K2"/>
<!-- This variable is defined here and only used internally. -->
<variable units="mV" name="E_K" initial_value="-110.0"/>
<!-- These variables are imported from parent and sibling components. -->
<variable units="ms" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
<variable units="mV" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="V"/>
<!-- These variables are imported from encapsulated components. -->
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="s"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="i_K2_calculation_eq">
<apply id="i_K2_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_K2 </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> I_K2 </ci>
<ci> s </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="I_K2_max_calculation_eq">
<apply id="I_K2_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> I_K2 </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="uA_per_mm2"> 0.028 </cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_K </ci>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 25.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 60.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 12.5 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 60.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 25.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<!--
The s gate component is encapsulated within the pacemaker potassium current.
-->
<component name="pacemaker_potassium_current_s_gate" cmeta:id="pacemaker_potassium_current_s_gate">
<!-- This variable is defined here and used in other components. -->
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="s" initial_value="0.763"/>
<!-- These variables are defined here and only used internally. -->
<variable units="per_ms" name="alpha_s"/>
<variable units="per_ms" name="beta_s"/>
<variable units="mV" name="E_s" initial_value="-52.0"/>
<!-- These variables are imported from parent and sibling components. -->
<variable units="mV" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="ms" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="alpha_s_calculation_eq">
<apply id="alpha_s_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> alpha_s </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_ms"> 0.001 </cn>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_s </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_s </ci>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 5.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="beta_s_calculation_eq">
<apply id="beta_s_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> beta_s </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_ms"> 0.00005 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_s </ci>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 15.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="ds_dt_eq">
<apply id="ds_dt">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> s </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alpha_s </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> s </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> beta_s </ci>
<ci> s </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<!--
The equations for the plateau potassium currents (x1 and x2) are based on
experiments performed by Noble and Tsien (1969) which showed that additional
potassium currents were activated in the plateau range of potentials. They
appear to play an essential role in membrane repolarisation.
-->
<component name="plateau_potassium_current1" cmeta:id="plateau_potassium_current1">
<!-- This variable is defined here and used in other components. -->
<variable units="uA_per_mm2" public_interface="out" name="i_x1"/>
<!-- This variable is defined here and only used internally. -->
<variable units="uA_per_mm2" name="I_x1"/>
<!-- These variables are imported from parent and sibling components. -->
<variable units="ms" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
<variable units="mV" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="V"/>
<!-- This variable is imported from an encapsulated component. -->
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="x1"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="i_x1_calculation_eq">
<apply id="i_x1_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_x1 </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> x1 </ci>
<ci> I_x1 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="I_x1_max_calculation_eq">
<apply id="I_x1_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> I_x1 </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="uA_per_mm2"> 0.012 </cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 95.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 25.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 45.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 25.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<!--
The x1 gate component is encapsulated within the plateau potassium current
1.
-->
<component name="plateau_potassium_current1_x1_gate" cmeta:id="plateau_potassium_current1_x1_gate">
<!-- This variable is defined here and used in other components. -->
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="x1" initial_value="0.051"/>
<!-- These variables are defined here and only used internally. -->
<variable units="per_ms" name="alpha_x1"/>
<variable units="per_ms" name="beta_x1"/>
<!-- These variables are imported from parent and sibling components. -->
<variable units="mV" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="ms" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="alpha_x1_calculation_eq">
<apply id="alpha_x1_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> alpha_x1 </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_ms"> 5e-4 </cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 50.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 12.1 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 50.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 17.5 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="beta_x1_calculation_eq">
<apply id="beta_x1_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> beta_x1 </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_ms"> 0.0013 </cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 20.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 16.67 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 20.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 20.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="dx1_dt_eq">
<apply id="dx1_dt">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> x1 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alpha_x1 </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> x1 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> beta_x1 </ci>
<ci> x1 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="plateau_potassium_current2" cmeta:id="plateau_potassium_current2">
<!-- This variable is defined here and used in other components. -->
<variable units="uA_per_mm2" public_interface="out" name="i_x2"/>
<!-- This variable is defined here and only used internally. -->
<variable units="uA_per_mm2" name="I_x2"/>
<!-- These variables are imported from parent and sibling components. -->
<variable units="ms" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
<variable units="mV" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="V"/>
<!-- This variable is imported from an encapsulated component. -->
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="x2"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="i_x2_calculation_eq">
<apply id="i_x2_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_x2 </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> x2 </ci>
<ci> I_x2 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="I_x2_max_calculation_eq">
<apply id="I_x2_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> I_x2 </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="uA_per_mm2"> 0.25 </cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="mS_per_mm2"> 0.00385 </cn>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<!--
The x2 gate component is encapsulated within the plateau potassium current
2.
-->
<component name="plateau_potassium_current2_x2_gate" cmeta:id="plateau_potassium_current2_x2_gate">
<!-- This variable is defined here and used in other components. -->
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="x2" initial_value="0.006"/>
<!-- These variables are defined here and only used internally. -->
<variable units="per_ms" name="alpha_x2"/>
<variable units="per_ms" name="beta_x2"/>
<!-- These variables are imported from parent and sibling components. -->
<variable units="mV" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="ms" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="alpha_x2_calculation_eq">
<apply id="alpha_x2_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> alpha_x2 </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_ms"> 0.000127 </cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 19.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 5.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="beta_x2_calculation_eq">
<apply id="beta_x2_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> beta_x2 </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_ms"> 0.0003 </cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 20.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 16.67 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 20.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 25.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="dx2_dt_eq">
<apply id="dx2_dt">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> x2 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alpha_x2 </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> x2 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> beta_x2 </ci>
<ci> x2 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="transient_chloride_current" cmeta:id="transient_chloride_current">
<!-- These variables are defined here and used in other components. -->
<variable units="uA_per_mm2" public_interface="out" name="i_qr"/>
<variable units="mV" public_interface="out" name="E_Cl" initial_value="-70.0"/>
<!-- This variable is defined here and only used internally. -->
<variable units="mS_per_mm2" name="g_qr" initial_value="0.05"/>
<!-- These variables are imported from parent and sibling components. -->
<variable units="ms" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
<variable units="mV" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="V"/>
<!-- These variables are imported from encapsulated components. -->
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="q"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="r"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="i_qr_calculation_eq">
<apply id="i_qr_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_qr </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_qr </ci>
<ci> q </ci>
<ci> r </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_Cl </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<!-- The encapsulated q gate. -->
<component name="transient_chloride_current_q_gate" cmeta:id="transient_chloride_current_q_gate">
<!-- This variable is defined here and used in other components. -->
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="q" initial_value="0.0"/>
<!-- These variables are defined here and only used internally. -->
<variable units="per_ms" name="alpha_q"/>
<variable units="per_ms" name="beta_q"/>
<!-- These variables are imported from parent and sibling components. -->
<variable units="mV" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="ms" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="alpha_q_calculation_eq">
<apply id="alpha_q_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> alpha_q </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_mV_ms"> 0.008 </cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> V </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 10.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="beta_q_calculation_eq">
<apply id="beta_q_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> beta_q </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_ms"> 0.08 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 11.26 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="dq_dt_eq">
<apply id="dq_dt">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> q </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alpha_q </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> q </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> beta_q </ci>
<ci> q </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<!-- The encapsualted r gate. -->
<component name="transient_chloride_current_r_gate" cmeta:id="transient_chloride_current_r_gate">
<!-- This variable is defined here and used in other components. -->
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="r" initial_value="0.126"/>
<!-- These variables are defined here and only used internally. -->
<variable units="per_ms" name="alpha_r"/>
<variable units="per_ms" name="beta_r"/>
<!-- These variables are imported from parent and sibling components. -->
<variable units="mV" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="ms" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="alpha_r_calculation_eq">
<apply id="alpha_r_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> alpha_r </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_ms"> 0.00018 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="mV">80</cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 25.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="beta_r_calculation_eq">
<apply id="beta_r_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> beta_r </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="per_ms"> 0.02 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 26 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 11.5 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="dr_dt_eq">
<apply id="dr_dt">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> r </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alpha_r </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> r </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> beta_r </ci>
<ci> r </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<!--
The outward time-independent (or background) ionic current is carried
predominately by potassium ions and is represented by i_K1.
-->
<component name="time_independent_outward_current" cmeta:id="time_independent_outward_current">
<!-- This variable is defined here and used in other components. -->
<variable units="uA_per_mm2" public_interface="out" name="i_K1"/>
<!-- This variable is defined here and only used internally. -->
<variable units="mV" name="E_K1" initial_value="-30.0"/>
<!-- These variables are imported from other components. -->
<variable units="ms" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="mV" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="uA_per_mm2" public_interface="in" name="I_K2"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="i_K1_calculation_eq">
<apply id="i_K1_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_K1 </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> I_K2 </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.8 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="uA_per_mm2"> 0.002 </cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_K1 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_K1 </ci>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="mV"> 25.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<!--
The "sodium_background_current" is a time-independent diffusion of Na ions
down their electrochemical gradient, through the cell surface membrane into
the cytosol.
-->
<component name="sodium_background_current" cmeta:id="sodium_background_current">
<!-- This variable is defined here and used in other components. -->
<variable units="uA_per_mm2" public_interface="out" name="i_Na_b"/>
<!-- This variable is defined here and only used internally. -->
<variable units="mS_per_mm2" name="g_Nab" initial_value="0.00105"/>
<!--
Time and membrane potential are imported from the "environment" and the
"membrane" components. The reversal potential is imported from the
"fast_sodium_current" component.
-->
<variable units="ms" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="mV" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="mV" public_interface="in" name="E_Na"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="i_Na_b_calculation_eq">
<apply id="i_Na_b_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_Na_b </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_Nab </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_Na </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<!--
The "chloride_background_current" contributes to maintaining the plateau and
helps to determine the action potential duration.
-->
<component name="chloride_background_current" cmeta:id="chloride_background_current">
<!-- This variable is defined here and used in other components. -->
<variable units="uA_per_mm2" public_interface="out" name="i_Cl_b"/>
<!-- These variables are defined here and only used internally. -->
<variable units="mS_per_mm2" name="g_Clb" initial_value="0.0001"/>
<!--
Time and memebrane potential are imported from the "environment" and the
"membrane" components. The reversal potential is imported from the
"transient_chloride_current" component.
-->
<variable units="ms" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="mV" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="mV" public_interface="in" name="E_Cl"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" cmeta:id="i_Cl_b_calculation_eq">
<apply id="i_Cl_b_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_Cl_b </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_Clb </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_Cl </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<!--
The following <group> element specifies a single containment hierarchy
that encompasses all of the components in the model, with the exception of
the "environment" component.
-->
<group>
<relationship_ref relationship="containment"/>
<component_ref component="membrane">
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current">
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_m_gate"/>
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_h_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="secondary_inward_current">
<component_ref component="secondary_inward_current_d_gate"/>
<component_ref component="secondary_inward_current_f_gate"/>
<component_ref component="secondary_inward_current_d1_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="pacemaker_potassium_current">
<component_ref component="pacemaker_potassium_current_s_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="plateau_potassium_current1">
<component_ref component="plateau_potassium_current1_x1_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="plateau_potassium_current2">
<component_ref component="plateau_potassium_current2_x2_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="transient_chloride_current">
<component_ref component="transient_chloride_current_q_gate"/>
<component_ref component="transient_chloride_current_r_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="time_independent_outward_current"/>
<component_ref component="sodium_background_current"/>
<component_ref component="chloride_background_current"/>
</component_ref>
</group>
<!--
The following <group> element specifies how the components representing
activation and inactivation gates are encapsulated inside their parent
currents.
-->
<group>
<relationship_ref relationship="encapsulation"/>
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current">
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_m_gate"/>
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_h_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="secondary_inward_current">
<component_ref component="secondary_inward_current_d_gate"/>
<component_ref component="secondary_inward_current_f_gate"/>
<component_ref component="secondary_inward_current_d1_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="pacemaker_potassium_current">
<component_ref component="pacemaker_potassium_current_s_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="transient_chloride_current">
<component_ref component="transient_chloride_current_q_gate"/>
<component_ref component="transient_chloride_current_r_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="plateau_potassium_current1">
<component_ref component="plateau_potassium_current1_x1_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="plateau_potassium_current2">
<component_ref component="plateau_potassium_current2_x2_gate"/>
</component_ref>
</group>
<!--
"time" is passed from the "environment" component into the
"membrane" and current components.
-->
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="fast_sodium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="secondary_inward_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="pacemaker_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="plateau_potassium_current1"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="plateau_potassium_current2"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="transient_chloride_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="time_independent_outward_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="sodium_background_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="chloride_background_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<!--
Several variables are passed between the "membrane" and its sub-components.
-->
<connection>
<map_components component_2="fast_sodium_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Na" variable_1="i_Na"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="membrane" component_1="secondary_inward_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_si" variable_1="i_si"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="membrane" component_1="pacemaker_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_K2" variable_1="i_K2"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="membrane" component_1="plateau_potassium_current1"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_x1" variable_1="i_x1"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="membrane" component_1="plateau_potassium_current2"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_x2" variable_1="i_x2"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="membrane" component_1="transient_chloride_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_qr" variable_1="i_qr"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="membrane" component_1="time_independent_outward_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_K1" variable_1="i_K1"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="membrane" component_1="sodium_background_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Na_b" variable_1="i_Na_b"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="membrane" component_1="chloride_background_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Cl_b" variable_1="i_Cl_b"/>
</connection>
<!-- A few variables are passed between the other components. -->
<connection>
<map_components component_2="fast_sodium_current" component_1="sodium_background_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="E_Na" variable_1="E_Na"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="pacemaker_potassium_current" component_1="time_independent_outward_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="I_K2" variable_1="I_K2"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="chloride_background_current" component_1="transient_chloride_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="E_Cl" variable_1="E_Cl"/>
</connection>
<!--
Several variables are passed between parent components and their
encapsulated gates.
-->
<connection>
<map_components component_2="fast_sodium_current_m_gate" component_1="fast_sodium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="m" variable_1="m"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="fast_sodium_current_h_gate" component_1="fast_sodium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="h" variable_1="h"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="secondary_inward_current_d_gate" component_1="secondary_inward_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="d" variable_1="d"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="secondary_inward_current_f_gate" component_1="secondary_inward_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="f" variable_1="f"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="secondary_inward_current_d1_gate" component_1="secondary_inward_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="d1" variable_1="d1"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="pacemaker_potassium_current_s_gate" component_1="pacemaker_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="s" variable_1="s"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="transient_chloride_current_q_gate" component_1="transient_chloride_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="q" variable_1="q"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="transient_chloride_current_r_gate" component_1="transient_chloride_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="r" variable_1="r"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="plateau_potassium_current1_x1_gate" component_1="plateau_potassium_current1"/>
<map_variables variable_2="x1" variable_1="x1"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="plateau_potassium_current2_x2_gate" component_1="plateau_potassium_current2"/>
<map_variables variable_2="x2" variable_1="x2"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<rdf:RDF>
<rdf:Seq rdf:about="rdf:#citationAuthorsSeq">
<rdf:li rdf:resource="rdf:#author1Vcard"/>
<rdf:li rdf:resource="rdf:#author2Vcard"/>
<rdf:li rdf:resource="rdf:#author3Vcard"/>
</rdf:Seq>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#e0316c8f-5e17-48e2-b35a-f9e5ce27ce43">
<vCard:N rdf:resource="rdf:#b53446e0-6d36-49af-a1e1-a38ee964634d"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#180ce891-2f11-4d59-a3e2-3ef9ec42f683">
<rdf:value>
The opening rate for the r gate.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#851a6642-5c8f-47bf-b4bb-e8652b68ad7e">
<dcterms:W3CDTF>2002-07-19</dcterms:W3CDTF>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#pacemaker_potassium_current_s_gate">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#6b50dba7-7a6d-448a-a5b9-6c57dbd7eb92"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#alpha_x1_calculation_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#bf7d50f0-d2ac-482b-96c8-0c2aac759970"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#secondary_inward_current_d1_gate">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#7630c77a-3c18-4c6d-97f9-6b41cbaa3190"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#plateau_potassium_current1_x1_gate">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#4342ee6d-501b-42d0-81d6-b86861d738ea"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#dab3b6b7-3d18-40a2-ac6c-f7740a95804f">
<rdf:value>
The opening rate of the f gate.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#465f2551-8270-40ae-9693-9e1d32c3bc79">
<vCard:N rdf:resource="rdf:#f860d21c-6acc-4805-a840-b2d931f6028f"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#f2afbc95-8c18-4e00-9c8e-17bb7061dee1">
<dcterms:modified rdf:resource="rdf:#70710ef7-f1ec-4eaf-ba2f-037855dd25b2"/>
<rdf:value>
Made changes to some of the metadata, bringing them up to date with
the most recent working draft (26th September) of the Metadata
Specification.
</rdf:value>
<cmeta:modifier rdf:resource="rdf:#465f2551-8270-40ae-9693-9e1d32c3bc79"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#i_si_calculation_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#313fb1e3-8d3f-4166-b926-6c90803eeca9"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#plateau_potassium_current2">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#7e934d38-d579-4adc-80b8-e914293a61d8"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#0aed0e23-08d6-4530-936e-b9bb69b68e7d">
<rdf:value>
The time-independent (background) current carried by potassium ions.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#alpha_f_calculation_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#dab3b6b7-3d18-40a2-ac6c-f7740a95804f"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#plateau_potassium_current1">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#6831431c-2e70-4000-bffd-462fdf43d7b4"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#df_dt_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#36111b35-39ca-413c-aecf-b8a091801464"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#4ef90f70-54cc-48d8-9c5b-437e29776c00">
<rdf:value>
The voltage-dependent activation gate for the transient chloride
channel - the q gate.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#ds_dt_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#1d7036f3-a499-4f73-9ff5-761a7d10b4f8"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#35902702-0ce6-44e4-b4a9-54bc4f148172">
<dcterms:W3CDTF>2002-02-28</dcterms:W3CDTF>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#b8058ce3-8dab-4af7-8a2e-328f510b34a2">
<rdf:value>
Calculation of the sodium background current.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#1e5df29c-1fd5-4d0d-84e1-b003c9aa117e">
<rdf:value>
The voltage-dependent inactivation gate for the transient chloride
current - the r gate.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#d5f4ce98-bb28-4a35-b7bc-3731812d5498">
<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://imc.org/vCard/3.0#internet"/>
<rdf:value>c.lloyd@auckland.ac.nz</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#eecbabc0-6f94-4c30-ad01-ff04d6b57810">
<bqs:Pubmed_id>1185607</bqs:Pubmed_id>
<bqs:JournalArticle rdf:resource="rdf:#d16fadf8-17b4-4f16-8ddb-c5c497aec761"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#secondary_inward_current_d_gate">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#800e695d-0fa2-42fc-a755-7072be45f7a6"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#36111b35-39ca-413c-aecf-b8a091801464">
<rdf:value>
The kinetics of the f gate.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#d1_calculation_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#58a136fc-fe2a-4497-bdf7-40fcac713272"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#f7c9544f-23af-470d-9e93-6eb6f2b49964">
<rdf:value>
The kinetics of the d gate.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#ab81109f-d39e-4a95-a930-44937a2b973e">
<rdf:value>
Calculation of the second plateau potassium current.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#alpha_x2_calculation_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#1a11d259-3a78-47af-b566-76c1cc517f54"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#528565bc-a614-4f90-b7e0-c24fd34a03f2">
<vCard:N rdf:resource="rdf:#6f3575cb-fc25-4780-bc56-66430d1bb687"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#bf7d50f0-d2ac-482b-96c8-0c2aac759970">
<rdf:value>
The opening rate of the x1 gate.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#73c2eca2-2803-429a-aac5-327ed4856ffc">
<rdf:value>
The opening rate for the q gate.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#762aeeb8-321b-4e7f-9df2-34dd561e3ed4">
<rdf:value>
The opening rate of the m gate.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#bba6aa76-2db4-4f0c-9071-1bed166ce636">
<rdf:value>
Calculation of the maximal first plateau potassium current.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#71a38004-97f3-4690-b9c6-ab633020a3a7">
<rdf:value>
The closing rate of the d gate.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#beta_m_calculation_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#74f71dac-813c-44f8-a744-41923ee37898"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#e5ead7e2-c172-4108-af38-0a1398ead52f">
<dcterms:modified rdf:resource="rdf:#851a6642-5c8f-47bf-b4bb-e8652b68ad7e"/>
<rdf:value>
Added more metadata.
</rdf:value>
<cmeta:modifier rdf:resource="rdf:#b206d78c-0c0f-416a-b0ab-e4e5f925419a"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#20007ee7-95ee-4502-af6f-1730158150f9">
<vCard:Given>Catherine</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family>Lloyd</vCard:Family>
<vCard:Other>May</vCard:Other>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#baaeea66-53bc-4a37-a2b4-75b236cd8527">
<rdf:value>
The transient chloride current (i_qr) is responsible for the rapid
repolarisation from the peak of the depolarisation spike of the
action potential, to the start of the plateau. The current has 2
gating variables, q and r.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#dafb1167-28b3-435c-9abc-85aa0f6f0df1">
<rdf:value>
The kinetics of the m gate.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#alpha_m_calculation_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#762aeeb8-321b-4e7f-9df2-34dd561e3ed4"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#fast_sodium_current_m_gate">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#5cad5154-418d-4521-bb17-3908da272008"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#membrane_voltage_diff_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#0ddb3c3a-bbf6-49c8-9026-822c5590286e"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#d651273c-b7e6-4957-8e13-a6db6d711975">
<rdf:value>
The kinetics of the r gate.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#d16fadf8-17b4-4f16-8ddb-c5c497aec761">
<dc:creator rdf:resource="rdf:#citationAuthorsSeq"/>
<dc:title>Reconstruction of the electrical activity of cardiac purkinje fibres</dc:title>
<bqs:volume>251</bqs:volume>
<bqs:first_page>1</bqs:first_page>
<bqs:Journal rdf:resource="rdf:#79c382fe-d7d6-4a75-86f2-9db53d58e2a1"/>
<dcterms:issued rdf:resource="rdf:#e582dcd8-7fea-4269-9d94-d044cb60bebb"/>
<bqs:last_page>59</bqs:last_page>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#753ba07b-3064-4467-b57f-e05f944c3daa">
<dcterms:W3CDTF>2001-12-10</dcterms:W3CDTF>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#e34fbcbe-6a69-4ca5-a387-31dea6034790">
<rdf:value>
The main component of the model, containing the definition of the
model's action potential.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#sodium_background_current">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#38b8a955-1dd9-45d7-8a57-0db0ae187e23"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#1a11d259-3a78-47af-b566-76c1cc517f54">
<rdf:value>
The opening rate for the x2 gate.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#0c4ff721-2f47-482a-8f0a-9553569f9e05">
<rdf:value>
Calculation of the background chloride current.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#73dfc971-7e99-4de5-9502-0552b419ed72">
<dcterms:W3CDTF>2001-10-19</dcterms:W3CDTF>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#I_x1_max_calculation_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#bba6aa76-2db4-4f0c-9071-1bed166ce636"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#b0b4c061-e77c-4618-9b5f-5b5093bb43d3">
<vCard:N rdf:resource="rdf:#20007ee7-95ee-4502-af6f-1730158150f9"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#MNT_purkinje_fibre_model_1975">
<dc:title>
The McAllister-Noble-Tsien Model of Cardiac Action Potentials in
Purkinje fibres, 1975
</dc:title>
<cmeta:bio_entity>Purkinje Fibre</cmeta:bio_entity>
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#171ccf00-18db-4a3d-9d82-d6de521949a9"/>
<bqs:reference rdf:resource="rdf:#eecbabc0-6f94-4c30-ad01-ff04d6b57810"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#c2b429c2-cf1c-4262-99e4-88551be51fed">
<vCard:Given>Catherine</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family>Lloyd</vCard:Family>
<vCard:Other>May</vCard:Other>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#e44e30d9-eda0-4b86-b2b8-d96640da5f78">
<rdf:value>
The linear maximal second plateau potassium current.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#dd_dt_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#f7c9544f-23af-470d-9e93-6eb6f2b49964"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#i_K2_calculation_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#d0156404-e86d-4271-8bee-9e39bc3512a0"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#i_x2_calculation_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#ab81109f-d39e-4a95-a930-44937a2b973e"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#1e32d3de-a978-47ce-acf8-e6049d0150fd">
<rdf:value>
The opening rate of the h gate.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#d0156404-e86d-4271-8bee-9e39bc3512a0">
<rdf:value>
Calculation of the pacemaker current.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#transient_chloride_current">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#baaeea66-53bc-4a37-a2b4-75b236cd8527"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#beta_s_calculation_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#fcb3b9a4-b918-4cb6-8ff8-3d50cd09408f"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#fcb3b9a4-b918-4cb6-8ff8-3d50cd09408f">
<rdf:value>
The closing rate of the s gate.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#45c18cfc-d73f-461c-94fa-9238226d8ede">
<dcterms:W3CDTF>2001-09-27</dcterms:W3CDTF>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#f860d21c-6acc-4805-a840-b2d931f6028f">
<vCard:Given>Catherine</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family>Lloyd</vCard:Family>
<vCard:Other>May</vCard:Other>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#dh_dt_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#c2a348d0-e148-4321-8828-29d0930d23f6"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#author3Vcard">
<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#Person"/>
<vCard:N rdf:resource="rdf:#author3VcardN"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#1d6b9144-fa6f-4e41-8ee9-965ae8752d36">
<dcterms:modified rdf:resource="rdf:#753ba07b-3064-4467-b57f-e05f944c3daa"/>
<rdf:value>
Changed equations after checking with the mathml validator.
</rdf:value>
<cmeta:modifier rdf:resource="rdf:#b7ad65e1-bbf6-4602-8a2d-d9e652f23f68"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#i_qr_calculation_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#e32f407a-c097-4ed3-afa8-312a58eb1d53"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#7e934d38-d579-4adc-80b8-e914293a61d8">
<rdf:value>
The second of the plateau potassium currents.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#a7ebceea-a79a-4efe-9087-6f98c8932ead">
<dcterms:W3CDTF>2002-01-20</dcterms:W3CDTF>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#74f71dac-813c-44f8-a744-41923ee37898">
<rdf:value>
The closing rate of the m gate.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#d9b18ccf-c36e-40d7-99c7-62f6d96b55d6">
<rdf:value>
This is a dummy equation that we simply use to make grabbing the
value in CMISS much easier.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#transient_chloride_current_q_gate">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#4ef90f70-54cc-48d8-9c5b-437e29776c00"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#author2Vcard">
<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#Person"/>
<vCard:N rdf:resource="rdf:#author2VcardN"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#chloride_background_current">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#265c305c-6f21-4fa9-8e99-56018e8916e9"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#b9975c2c-7601-42b9-8275-7e29654dc39b">
<rdf:value>
The closing rate for the x2 gate.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#alpha_d_calculation_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#70e2aa05-abc0-4ee0-b84f-ea78c71aba2c"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#I_x2_max_calculation_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#e44e30d9-eda0-4b86-b2b8-d96640da5f78"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#cbd252eb-6b7f-4637-9304-30ada3b004d1">
<vCard:Given>David</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family>Nickerson</vCard:Family>
<vCard:Other>P</vCard:Other>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#i_K1_calculation_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#bbfe061a-9fe2-411b-a9a1-806b3beb977d"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#beta_x1_calculation_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#483d0bbe-ac2b-4d1e-b32f-623f9c40c752"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#c2a348d0-e148-4321-8828-29d0930d23f6">
<rdf:value>
The kinetics of the h gate.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#58a136fc-fe2a-4497-bdf7-40fcac713272">
<rdf:value>
Calculation of the activation variable d1.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#6831431c-2e70-4000-bffd-462fdf43d7b4">
<rdf:value>
The equations for the plateau potassium currents (x1 and x2) are
based on experiments performed by Noble and Tsien (1969) which
showed that additional potassium currents were activated in the
plateau range of potentials. They appear to play an essential role
in membrane repolarisation.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#fbde780d-cd2d-4e4d-b503-5487a3b14726">
<rdf:value>
The kinetics of the q gate.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#3036d260-e4a2-4bbf-a997-ec87a59e3bf0">
<vCard:Given>Catherine</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family>Lloyd</vCard:Family>
<vCard:Other>May</vCard:Other>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#dx2_dt_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#2643e066-798b-4173-99c2-c0cbb48009e3"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#83317f1f-5df1-4dbd-b3f3-860f734bc961">
<rdf:value>
A potassium current activated over the "pace-maker" range of
potentials. Provides the pacemaker function of the model.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#ef632797-17ca-41ca-9e5d-002c1ab0d9e2">
<rdf:value>
Calculation of the fast sodium current.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#01f1a3c0-5b0a-4a4e-b20f-0ed0d9c84439">
<rdf:value>
The closing rate for the r gate.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#i_Cl_b_calculation_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#0c4ff721-2f47-482a-8f0a-9553569f9e05"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#beta_f_calculation_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#951c7e53-f9d0-424d-875e-e7b2bde569d7"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#70e2aa05-abc0-4ee0-b84f-ea78c71aba2c">
<rdf:value>
The opening rate of the d gate.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#79c382fe-d7d6-4a75-86f2-9db53d58e2a1">
<dc:title>Journal of Physiology</dc:title>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#i_Na_b_calculation_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#b8058ce3-8dab-4af7-8a2e-328f510b34a2"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#b206d78c-0c0f-416a-b0ab-e4e5f925419a">
<vCard:N rdf:resource="rdf:#eec57286-ab10-4a3e-9c57-194f25b5bd3c"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#1361cae7-a50c-4a88-8afa-483c04018c86">
<dcterms:modified rdf:resource="rdf:#0ff4ed8a-0ba7-43a5-a6cf-4b824f516bbd"/>
<rdf:value>
Altered parent-child relationships as x1 and x2 were made to be gates
of the plateau potassium currents.
</rdf:value>
<cmeta:modifier rdf:resource="rdf:#b0b4c061-e77c-4618-9b5f-5b5093bb43d3"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#e3fe4323-0c40-482e-a262-ef2e538843a1">
<rdf:value>
The voltage-dependent inactivation gate for the secondary inward
current - the f gate.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#b53446e0-6d36-49af-a1e1-a38ee964634d">
<vCard:Given>Catherine</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family>Lloyd</vCard:Family>
<vCard:Other>May</vCard:Other>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#fast_sodium_current">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#e4d9be51-05fa-4fb7-bc57-74851c3a22dc"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#I_K2_max_calculation_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#3cedcf9a-e27d-4c1c-a974-70077b537fcd"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#author3VcardN">
<vCard:Given>R</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family>Tsien</vCard:Family>
<vCard:Other>W</vCard:Other>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#beta_h_calculation_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#542a1e1b-1288-43cc-acfb-fe3ee8c79f61"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#i_x1_calculation_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#14777c85-cf93-4fda-a4d7-c74d40bbe99d"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#0ddb3c3a-bbf6-49c8-9026-822c5590286e">
<rdf:value>
The kinetics of the transmembrane potential, defined as the sum of
the trans-sarcolemmal currents and an applied stimulus current.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#5c2a640d-3aaa-4e07-96e9-686fa46e802c">
<vCard:FN>Catherine Lloyd</vCard:FN>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#171ccf00-18db-4a3d-9d82-d6de521949a9">
<dc:creator rdf:resource="rdf:#5c2a640d-3aaa-4e07-96e9-686fa46e802c"/>
<rdf:value>This is the CellML description of McAllister, Noble and Tsien's mathematical model of cardiac action potentials of Purkinje fibres. It describes transmembrane ionic currents in terms of Hodgkin-Huxley type equations. It is a significant development of the Noble (1962) model as more currents are added based on new experimental data.</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#21d34e4b-e18f-4613-a9f0-8fd3951fbf19">
<dcterms:modified rdf:resource="rdf:#64b22b34-99c7-407e-8ec7-077837b175d0"/>
<rdf:value>
Changed some units and added a stimulus current.
</rdf:value>
<cmeta:modifier rdf:resource="rdf:#9c9046ad-26ed-429e-b1df-0026b63761e9"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#951c7e53-f9d0-424d-875e-e7b2bde569d7">
<rdf:value>
The closing rate of the f gate.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#alpha_s_calculation_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#cdfd149c-d56d-46dc-81ec-86bd620de90f"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#483d0bbe-ac2b-4d1e-b32f-623f9c40c752">
<rdf:value>
The closing rate of the x1 gate.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#pacemaker_potassium_current">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#83317f1f-5df1-4dbd-b3f3-860f734bc961"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#eed3347a-58d2-4e58-bd4e-c3d61021efe3">
<dcterms:modified rdf:resource="rdf:#73dfc971-7e99-4de5-9502-0552b419ed72"/>
<rdf:value>
Removed document type definition as this is declared as optional
according to the W3C recommendation.
</rdf:value>
<cmeta:modifier rdf:resource="rdf:#a4b72364-2493-4c6b-b06f-9e4ec106b33f"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#beta_x2_calculation_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#b9975c2c-7601-42b9-8275-7e29654dc39b"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="">
<dc:publisher>
The University of Auckland, Bioengineering Research Group
</dc:publisher>
<cmeta:modification rdf:resource="rdf:#1361cae7-a50c-4a88-8afa-483c04018c86"/>
<cmeta:modification rdf:resource="rdf:#1d6b9144-fa6f-4e41-8ee9-965ae8752d36"/>
<cmeta:modification rdf:resource="rdf:#21d34e4b-e18f-4613-a9f0-8fd3951fbf19"/>
<cmeta:modification rdf:resource="rdf:#99230df7-2fcf-4274-8e6a-33b092d0e458"/>
<cmeta:modification rdf:resource="rdf:#b7ec7d7d-3632-4a54-b717-3908d5115541"/>
<cmeta:modification rdf:resource="rdf:#bb51b80f-83de-4569-86b7-2f518e503f9b"/>
<cmeta:modification rdf:resource="rdf:#e5ead7e2-c172-4108-af38-0a1398ead52f"/>
<cmeta:modification rdf:resource="rdf:#eed3347a-58d2-4e58-bd4e-c3d61021efe3"/>
<cmeta:modification rdf:resource="rdf:#f2afbc95-8c18-4e00-9c8e-17bb7061dee1"/>
<dcterms:created rdf:resource="rdf:#45c18cfc-d73f-461c-94fa-9238226d8ede"/>
<dc:creator rdf:resource="rdf:#23c056be-b941-4d4d-8818-134853010290"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#e4d9be51-05fa-4fb7-bc57-74851c3a22dc">
<rdf:value>
The fast sodium current, primarily responsible for the upstroke of
the action potential.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#alpha_h_calculation_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#1e32d3de-a978-47ce-acf8-e6049d0150fd"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#transient_chloride_current_r_gate">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#1e5df29c-1fd5-4d0d-84e1-b003c9aa117e"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#i_Na_calculation_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#ef632797-17ca-41ca-9e5d-002c1ab0d9e2"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#0ff4ed8a-0ba7-43a5-a6cf-4b824f516bbd">
<dcterms:W3CDTF>2002-01-03</dcterms:W3CDTF>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#b7ad65e1-bbf6-4602-8a2d-d9e652f23f68">
<vCard:N rdf:resource="rdf:#3036d260-e4a2-4bbf-a997-ec87a59e3bf0"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#6b50dba7-7a6d-448a-a5b9-6c57dbd7eb92">
<rdf:value>
The voltage-dependent gating variable for the pacemaker current -
the s gate.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#alpha_r_calculation_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#180ce891-2f11-4d59-a3e2-3ef9ec42f683"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#eec57286-ab10-4a3e-9c57-194f25b5bd3c">
<vCard:Given>Catherine</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family>Lloyd</vCard:Family>
<vCard:Other>May</vCard:Other>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#e32f407a-c097-4ed3-afa8-312a58eb1d53">
<rdf:value>
Calculation of the transient chloride current.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#author1Vcard">
<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#Person"/>
<vCard:N rdf:resource="rdf:#author1VcardN"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#dq_dt_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#fbde780d-cd2d-4e4d-b503-5487a3b14726"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#author1VcardN">
<vCard:Given>R</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family>McAllister</vCard:Family>
<vCard:Other>E</vCard:Other>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#f9cefd23-2639-453c-a030-d0d93487ae8f">
<vCard:Given>Autumn</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family>Cuellar</vCard:Family>
<vCard:Other>A</vCard:Other>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#beta_d_calculation_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#71a38004-97f3-4690-b9c6-ab633020a3a7"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#7630c77a-3c18-4c6d-97f9-6b41cbaa3190">
<rdf:value>
The activation variable for the slow component of the secondard
inward current - the d1 gate (corresponds to the d' variable in
the MNT paper.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#64b22b34-99c7-407e-8ec7-077837b175d0">
<dcterms:W3CDTF>2003-10-13</dcterms:W3CDTF>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#secondary_inward_current">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#fbe015fa-09b5-4b0a-88f4-efda250303d0"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#99230df7-2fcf-4274-8e6a-33b092d0e458">
<dcterms:modified rdf:resource="rdf:#e4fa8290-9b5e-49f5-8924-96b485238fb8"/>
<rdf:value>
Changed the model name so the model loads in the database easier.
</rdf:value>
<cmeta:modifier rdf:resource="rdf:#745dd571-3ba5-470c-9158-593512f6383e"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#5cad5154-418d-4521-bb17-3908da272008">
<rdf:value>
The voltage-dependent activation gate for the fast sodium channel -
the m gate.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#265c305c-6f21-4fa9-8e99-56018e8916e9">
<rdf:value>
The chloride background current contributes to maintaining the
plateau and helps to determine the action potential duration.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#a4b72364-2493-4c6b-b06f-9e4ec106b33f">
<vCard:N rdf:resource="rdf:#dc3c9410-cd9c-49b1-9d71-f54023e4a0ff"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#800e695d-0fa2-42fc-a755-7072be45f7a6">
<rdf:value>
The voltage-dependent activation gate for the secondary inward
current - the d gate.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#dx1_dt_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#584a8268-7663-4100-9a74-7ffacea659b9"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#584a8268-7663-4100-9a74-7ffacea659b9">
<rdf:value>
The kinetics of the x1 gate.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#542a1e1b-1288-43cc-acfb-fe3ee8c79f61">
<rdf:value>
The closing rate of the h gate.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#2643e066-798b-4173-99c2-c0cbb48009e3">
<rdf:value>
The kinetics of the x2 gate.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#bbfe061a-9fe2-411b-a9a1-806b3beb977d">
<rdf:value>
Calculation of the time-independent potassium current.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#745dd571-3ba5-470c-9158-593512f6383e">
<vCard:N rdf:resource="rdf:#f9cefd23-2639-453c-a030-d0d93487ae8f"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#4342ee6d-501b-42d0-81d6-b86861d738ea">
<rdf:value>
The voltage-dependent gating variable for the first plateau
potassium current - the x1 gate.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#eed193cc-f6ef-4ff7-9000-b7000a1a5180">
<rdf:value>
The voltage-dependent inactivation gate for the fast sodium channel
- the h gate.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#9c9046ad-26ed-429e-b1df-0026b63761e9">
<vCard:N rdf:resource="rdf:#cbd252eb-6b7f-4637-9304-30ada3b004d1"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#a1df58ce-8eb6-4048-ba34-79e294b29533">
<rdf:value>
The gating variable for the second plateau potassium current - the
x2 gate.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#plateau_potassium_current2_x2_gate">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#a1df58ce-8eb6-4048-ba34-79e294b29533"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#fbe015fa-09b5-4b0a-88f4-efda250303d0">
<rdf:value>
The secondary (or sometimes slow) inward current activates much more
slowly than the sodium current and it is responsible for holding up
the plateau after the initial activation and for controlling the
duration of the action potential. At the time of this model, it was
assumed that the flux of both Na and Ca ions through the cell
membrane was responsible for this current. This channel has an
activation gate d and an inactivation gate f. It was observed in
earlier experiments that a portion of this current would not
completely inactivate. This is represented by the second term in
the secondary current equation which has an activation variable d1,
but no deactivation variable.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#beta_q_calculation_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#f2a8968d-cb03-4843-985d-27d3cec5745e"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#membrane">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#e34fbcbe-6a69-4ca5-a387-31dea6034790"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#time_independent_outward_current">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#0aed0e23-08d6-4530-936e-b9bb69b68e7d"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#38b8a955-1dd9-45d7-8a57-0db0ae187e23">
<rdf:value>
The sodium background current is a time-independent diffusion of Na
ions down their electrochemical gradient, through the cell surface
membrane into the cytosol.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#fast_sodium_current_h_gate">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#eed193cc-f6ef-4ff7-9000-b7000a1a5180"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#beta_r_calculation_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#01f1a3c0-5b0a-4a4e-b20f-0ed0d9c84439"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#dr_dt_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#d651273c-b7e6-4957-8e13-a6db6d711975"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#alpha_q_calculation_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#73c2eca2-2803-429a-aac5-327ed4856ffc"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#bb51b80f-83de-4569-86b7-2f518e503f9b">
<dcterms:modified rdf:resource="rdf:#35902702-0ce6-44e4-b4a9-54bc4f148172"/>
<rdf:value>
Corrected units
</rdf:value>
<cmeta:modifier rdf:resource="rdf:#e0316c8f-5e17-48e2-b35a-f9e5ce27ce43"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#author2VcardN">
<vCard:Given>Denis</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family>Noble</vCard:Family>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#secondary_inward_current_f_gate">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#e3fe4323-0c40-482e-a262-ef2e538843a1"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#b7ec7d7d-3632-4a54-b717-3908d5115541">
<dcterms:modified rdf:resource="rdf:#a7ebceea-a79a-4efe-9087-6f98c8932ead"/>
<rdf:value>
Updated metadata to conform to the 16/01/2002 CellML Metadata 1.0
Specification.
</rdf:value>
<cmeta:modifier rdf:resource="rdf:#528565bc-a614-4f90-b7e0-c24fd34a03f2"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#IStim_for_cmiss_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#d9b18ccf-c36e-40d7-99c7-62f6d96b55d6"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#6f3575cb-fc25-4780-bc56-66430d1bb687">
<vCard:Given>Autumn</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family>Cuellar</vCard:Family>
<vCard:Other>A.</vCard:Other>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#70710ef7-f1ec-4eaf-ba2f-037855dd25b2">
<dcterms:W3CDTF>2001-10-24</dcterms:W3CDTF>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#14777c85-cf93-4fda-a4d7-c74d40bbe99d">
<rdf:value>
Calculation of the first plateau potassium current.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#dc3c9410-cd9c-49b1-9d71-f54023e4a0ff">
<vCard:Given>Catherine</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family>Lloyd</vCard:Family>
<vCard:Other>May</vCard:Other>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#cdfd149c-d56d-46dc-81ec-86bd620de90f">
<rdf:value>
The opening rate of the s gate.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#23c056be-b941-4d4d-8818-134853010290">
<vCard:ORG rdf:resource="rdf:#76dff371-c3e2-48a6-8126-999b02c90dcf"/>
<vCard:EMAIL rdf:resource="rdf:#d5f4ce98-bb28-4a35-b7bc-3731812d5498"/>
<vCard:N rdf:resource="rdf:#c2b429c2-cf1c-4262-99e4-88551be51fed"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#3cedcf9a-e27d-4c1c-a974-70077b537fcd">
<rdf:value>
The maximal pacemaker current.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#76dff371-c3e2-48a6-8126-999b02c90dcf">
<vCard:Orgname>The University of Auckland</vCard:Orgname>
<vCard:Orgunit>The Bioengineering Research Group</vCard:Orgunit>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#1d7036f3-a499-4f73-9ff5-761a7d10b4f8">
<rdf:value>
The kinetics of the s gate.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#e4fa8290-9b5e-49f5-8924-96b485238fb8">
<dcterms:W3CDTF>2003-04-05</dcterms:W3CDTF>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#e582dcd8-7fea-4269-9d94-d044cb60bebb">
<dcterms:W3CDTF>1975-09-01</dcterms:W3CDTF>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#f2a8968d-cb03-4843-985d-27d3cec5745e">
<rdf:value>
The closing rate for the q gate.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#313fb1e3-8d3f-4166-b926-6c90803eeca9">
<rdf:value>
Calculation of the second inward current.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#dm_dt_eq">
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#dafb1167-28b3-435c-9abc-85aa0f6f0df1"/>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
</model>
