- Author:
- pmr2.import <nobody@models.cellml.org>
- Date:
- 2009-06-17 15:09:43+12:00
- Desc:
- committing version06 of mcallister_noble_tsien_1975
- Permanent Source URI:
- https://staging.physiomeproject.org/workspace/mcallister_noble_tsien_1975/rawfile/a0dafb2d230a0843c81b23ea1d5c371b98628637/mcallister_noble_tsien_1975_b.cellml
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This CellML file was generated on 30/10/2007 at 17:17:44 using:
COR (0.9.31.801)
Copyright 2002-2007 Dr Alan Garny
http://COR.physiol.ox.ac.uk/ - COR@physiol.ox.ac.uk
CellML 1.0 was used to generate this cellular model
http://www.CellML.org/
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<article>
<articleinfo>
<title>McAllister-Noble-Tsien Purkinje Fibre Model 1975</title>
<author>
<firstname>Catherine</firstname>
<surname>Lloyd</surname>
<affiliation>
<shortaffil>Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland</shortaffil>
</affiliation>
</author>
</articleinfo>
<section id="sec_status">
<title>Model Status</title>
<para>
This is a code and units checked version of the model including two variants - A and B - with different formulations for the transient chloride current r gate. The kinetics for this gate in Model B come from an extensive study by Fozzard and Hiraoka. Results using model A are very dependent on initial conditions. Model B has a notch which is less frequency labile than that of model A. This is model B.
</para>
</section>
<sect1 id="sec_structure">
<title>Model Structure</title>
<para>
Following Denis Noble's 1962 model of cardiac action potentials in Purkinje fibres, the next significant development in cardiac membrane modelling occurred when R.E. McAllister, D. Noble and R.W. Tsien (1975) published a paper which formulated new ionic current equations based on new experimental data. The description of the kinetics of the currents is still based on the Hodgkin-Huxley formalism, but the currents themselves incorporate some significant new changes, and the total ionic current is broken down into nine discrete, individual ionic fluxes (see the figure below).
</para>
<para>
The complete original paper reference is cited below:
</para>
<para>
<ulink url="http://www.jphysiol.org/cgi/content/abstract/251/1/1b">Reconstruction of the Electrical Activity of Cardiac Purkinje Fibres</ulink>, McAllister, R.E. Noble, D. and Tsien, R.W. 1975, <ulink url="http://www.jphysiol.org/">
<emphasis>Journal of Physiology</emphasis>
</ulink>, 251, 1-59. <ulink url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1185607&dopt=Abstract">PubMed ID: 1185607</ulink>
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The breakdown of the model into components and the definition of encapsulation and containment relationships between them is somewhat arbitrary. When considering how a model should be broken into components, modellers are encouraged to consider which parts of a model might be re-used and how the physiological elements of the system being modelled are naturally bounded. Containment relationships should be used to provide simple rendering information for processing software (ideally, this will correspond to the layout of the physical system), and encapsulation should be used to group sets of components into sub-models.
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<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>i_x1</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>x1</ci>
<ci>I_x1</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>I_x1</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="microA_per_cm2">1.2</cn>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt">95</cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt">25</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt">45</cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt">25</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="plateau_potassium_current1_x1_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="x1" initial_value="0.02030289"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="alpha_x1"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="beta_x1"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>alpha_x1</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millisecond">5e-4</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt">12.1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt">17.5</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>beta_x1</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millisecond">0.0013</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt">20</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt">16.67</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt">20</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt">25</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>x1</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>alpha_x1</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<ci>x1</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>beta_x1</ci>
<ci>x1</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="plateau_potassium_current2">
<variable units="microA_per_cm2" public_interface="out" name="i_x2"/>
<variable units="microA_per_cm2" name="I_x2"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="V"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="x2"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>i_x2</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>x2</ci>
<ci>I_x2</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>I_x2</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="microA_per_cm2">25</cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="microA_per_cm2">1</cn>
<cn cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.385</cn>
<ci>V</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="plateau_potassium_current2_x2_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="x2" initial_value="0.0176854"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="alpha_x2"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="beta_x2"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>alpha_x2</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millisecond">0.000127</cn>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt">19</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt">5</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>beta_x2</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millisecond">0.0003</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt">20</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt">16.67</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt">20</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt">25</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>x2</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>alpha_x2</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<ci>x2</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>beta_x2</ci>
<ci>x2</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="transient_chloride_current">
<variable units="microA_per_cm2" public_interface="out" name="i_qr"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="out" name="E_Cl" initial_value="-70"/>
<variable units="milliS_per_cm2" name="g_qr" initial_value="2.5"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="V"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="q"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="r"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>i_qr</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>g_qr</ci>
<ci>q</ci>
<ci>r</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<ci>E_Cl</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="transient_chloride_current_q_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="q" initial_value="3.11285794"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="alpha_q"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="beta_q"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>alpha_q</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millivolt_millisecond">0.008</cn>
<ci>V</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.1</cn>
</apply>
<ci>V</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>beta_q</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millisecond">0.08</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.0888</cn>
</apply>
<ci>V</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>q</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>alpha_q</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<ci>q</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>beta_q</ci>
<ci>q</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="transient_chloride_current_r_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="r" initial_value="0.13500116"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="alpha_r"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="beta_r"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>alpha_r</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millisecond">0.000033</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt">17</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>beta_r</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millisecond">0.033</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt">30</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt">8</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>r</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>alpha_r</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<ci>r</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>beta_r</ci>
<ci>r</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="time_independent_outward_current">
<variable units="microA_per_cm2" public_interface="out" name="i_K1"/>
<variable units="millivolt" name="E_K1" initial_value="-30"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="microA_per_cm2" public_interface="in" name="I_K2"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>i_K1</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>I_K2</ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2.8</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="milliS_per_cm2">0.2</cn>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<ci>E_K1</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<ci>E_K1</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt">25</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="sodium_background_current">
<variable units="microA_per_cm2" public_interface="out" name="i_Na_b"/>
<variable units="milliS_per_cm2" name="g_Nab" initial_value="0.105"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_Na"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>i_Na_b</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>g_Nab</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<ci>E_Na</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="chloride_background_current">
<variable units="microA_per_cm2" public_interface="out" name="i_Cl_b"/>
<variable units="milliS_per_cm2" name="g_Clb" initial_value="0.01"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_Cl"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>i_Cl_b</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>g_Clb</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<ci>E_Cl</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<group>
<relationship_ref relationship="containment"/>
<component_ref component="membrane">
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current">
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_m_gate"/>
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_h_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="secondary_inward_current">
<component_ref component="secondary_inward_current_d_gate"/>
<component_ref component="secondary_inward_current_f_gate"/>
<component_ref component="secondary_inward_current_d1_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="pacemaker_potassium_current">
<component_ref component="pacemaker_potassium_current_s_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="plateau_potassium_current1">
<component_ref component="plateau_potassium_current1_x1_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="plateau_potassium_current2">
<component_ref component="plateau_potassium_current2_x2_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="transient_chloride_current">
<component_ref component="transient_chloride_current_q_gate"/>
<component_ref component="transient_chloride_current_r_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="time_independent_outward_current"/>
<component_ref component="sodium_background_current"/>
<component_ref component="chloride_background_current"/>
</component_ref>
</group>
<group>
<relationship_ref relationship="encapsulation"/>
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current">
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_m_gate"/>
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_h_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="secondary_inward_current">
<component_ref component="secondary_inward_current_d_gate"/>
<component_ref component="secondary_inward_current_f_gate"/>
<component_ref component="secondary_inward_current_d1_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="pacemaker_potassium_current">
<component_ref component="pacemaker_potassium_current_s_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="transient_chloride_current">
<component_ref component="transient_chloride_current_q_gate"/>
<component_ref component="transient_chloride_current_r_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="plateau_potassium_current1">
<component_ref component="plateau_potassium_current1_x1_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="plateau_potassium_current2">
<component_ref component="plateau_potassium_current2_x2_gate"/>
</component_ref>
</group>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="fast_sodium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="secondary_inward_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="pacemaker_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="plateau_potassium_current1"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="plateau_potassium_current2"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="transient_chloride_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="time_independent_outward_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="sodium_background_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="chloride_background_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="fast_sodium_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Na" variable_1="i_Na"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="membrane" component_1="secondary_inward_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_si" variable_1="i_si"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="membrane" component_1="pacemaker_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_K2" variable_1="i_K2"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="membrane" component_1="plateau_potassium_current1"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_x1" variable_1="i_x1"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="membrane" component_1="plateau_potassium_current2"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_x2" variable_1="i_x2"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="membrane" component_1="transient_chloride_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_qr" variable_1="i_qr"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="membrane" component_1="time_independent_outward_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_K1" variable_1="i_K1"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="membrane" component_1="sodium_background_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Na_b" variable_1="i_Na_b"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="membrane" component_1="chloride_background_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Cl_b" variable_1="i_Cl_b"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="fast_sodium_current" component_1="sodium_background_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="E_Na" variable_1="E_Na"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="pacemaker_potassium_current" component_1="time_independent_outward_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="I_K2" variable_1="I_K2"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="chloride_background_current" component_1="transient_chloride_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="E_Cl" variable_1="E_Cl"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="fast_sodium_current_m_gate" component_1="fast_sodium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="m" variable_1="m"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="fast_sodium_current_h_gate" component_1="fast_sodium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="h" variable_1="h"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="secondary_inward_current_d_gate" component_1="secondary_inward_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="d" variable_1="d"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="secondary_inward_current_f_gate" component_1="secondary_inward_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="f" variable_1="f"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="secondary_inward_current_d1_gate" component_1="secondary_inward_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="d1" variable_1="d1"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="pacemaker_potassium_current_s_gate" component_1="pacemaker_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="s" variable_1="s"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="transient_chloride_current_q_gate" component_1="transient_chloride_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="q" variable_1="q"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="transient_chloride_current_r_gate" component_1="transient_chloride_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="r" variable_1="r"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
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