- Author:
- pmr2.import <nobody@models.cellml.org>
- Date:
- 2006-09-04 02:12:22+12:00
- Desc:
- committing version01 of noble_varghese_kohl_noble_1998
- Permanent Source URI:
- https://staging.physiomeproject.org/workspace/noble_varghese_kohl_noble_1998/rawfile/0e2eb053d92af5958e67863e2413d1045a6fb117/noble_varghese_kohl_noble_1998.cellml
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!-- FILE : noble_model_1998.xml
CREATED : 18th December 2001
LAST MODIFIED : 9th April 2003
AUTHOR : Catherine Lloyd
Department of Engineering Science
The University of Auckland
MODEL STATUS : This model conforms to the CellML 1.0 Specification released on
10th August 2001, and the 16/1/02 CellML Metadata 1.0 Specification.
DESCRIPTION : This file contains a CellML description of Noble's 1998 improved
guinea-pig ventricular cell model.
CHANGES:
04/01/2002 - CML - Altered some of the connections.
21/01/2002 - AAC - Updated metadata to conform to the 16/1/02 CellML Metadata
1.0 Specification.
25/02/2002 - CML - Corrected i_K1 and i_K_ACh calculations.
26/02/2002 - CML - Corrected several more equations.
01/03/2002 - CML - Corrected units.
06/05/2002 - CML - Added some initial values. Removed the blocked h_gate
component from the fast sodium current as it belongs to a separate model which considers the effect of drugs.
22/07/2002 - CML - Added more metadata.
09/04/2003 - AAC - Added publication date information.
--><model xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" xmlns:cmeta="http://www.cellml.org/metadata/1.0#" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:bqs="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#" xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" cmeta:id="noble_varghese_kohl_noble_1998_version01" name="noble_varghese_kohl_noble_1998_version01">
<documentation xmlns="http://cellml.org/tmp-documentation">
<article>
<articleinfo>
<title>Noble Ventricular Cell Model 1998</title>
<author>
<firstname>Catherine</firstname>
<surname>Lloyd</surname>
<affiliation>
<shortaffil>Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland</shortaffil>
</affiliation>
</author>
</articleinfo>
<section id="sec_status">
<title>Model Status</title>
<para>
This is the original unchecked version of the model imported from the previous
CellML model repository, 24-Jan-2006.
</para>
</section>
<sect1 id="sec_structure">
<title>Model Structure</title>
<para>In their 1998 paper, Denis Noble, Anthony Varghese, Peter Kohl and Penny Noble extended the guinea-pig ventricular cell model (originally developed in 1991 by Noble <emphasis>et al</emphasis>) to include accumulation and depletion of calcium in a diadic space between the sarcolemma and the sarcoplasmic reticulum, where the majority of calcium-induced calcium release is triggered. The model also includes rapid (i_Kr) and slow (i_Ks) components of the delayed rectifier current, and length- and tension-dependent changes in mechanical and electrophysiological processes have been incorporated (see <xref linkend="fig_cell_diagram"/> below). Drug-receptor interactions have also started to be modeled using the sodium channel as an example. The drugs used have the effect of blocking the inactivation h-gate of the fast sodium channel.
</para>
<para>
The complete original paper reference is cited below:
</para>
<para>
<ulink url="http://www.pulsus.com/CARDIOL/14_01/nobl_ed.htm">Improved guinea-pig ventricular cell model incorporating a diadic space, I<subscript>Kr</subscript> and I<subscript>Ks</subscript>, and length- and tension-dependent processes</ulink>, Denis Noble, Anthony Varghese, Peter Kohl and Penelope Noble, 1998, <ulink url="http://www.pulsus.com/CARDIOL/home.htm">
<emphasis>Can J Cardiol</emphasis>
</ulink>, 14, 123-134. <ulink url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9487284&dopt=Abstract">PubMed ID: 9487284</ulink>
</para>
<para>
The raw CellML description of the Noble'98 model can be downloaded in various formats as described in <xref linkend="sec_download_this_model"/>. For an example of a more complete documentation for an electrophysiological model, see <ulink url="${HTML_EXMPL_HHSA_INTRO}">The Hodgkin-Huxley Squid Axon Model, 1952</ulink>.
</para>
<informalfigure float="0" id="fig_cell_diagram">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<objectinfo>
<title>cell diagram of Noble'98 model showing ionic currents, pumps and exchangers within the sarcolemma and the sarcoplasmic reticulum</title>
</objectinfo>
<imagedata fileref="noble_1998.png"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
<caption>A schematic diagram describing the current flows across the cell membrane that are captured in the Noble'98 model.</caption>
</informalfigure>
</sect1>
</article>
</documentation>
<!--
Below, we define some additional units for association with variables and
constants within the model. The identifiers are fairly self-explanatory.
-->
<units name="micrometre">
<unit units="metre" prefix="micro"/>
</units>
<units name="millisecond">
<unit units="second" prefix="milli"/>
</units>
<units name="per_second">
<unit units="second" exponent="-1"/>
</units>
<units name="millivolt">
<unit units="volt" prefix="milli"/>
</units>
<units name="per_millivolt">
<unit units="volt" prefix="milli" exponent="-1"/>
</units>
<units name="per_millivolt_second">
<unit units="millivolt" exponent="-1"/>
<unit units="second" exponent="-1"/>
</units>
<units base_units="yes" name="arbitary"/>
<units name="microS">
<unit units="siemens" prefix="micro"/>
</units>
<units name="nanoS_per_cm2">
<unit units="siemens" prefix="nano"/>
<unit units="metre" prefix="centi" exponent="-2"/>
</units>
<units name="microF">
<unit units="farad" prefix="micro"/>
</units>
<units name="nanoA">
<unit units="ampere" prefix="nano"/>
</units>
<units name="nanoA_per_millimolar">
<unit units="ampere" prefix="nano"/>
<unit units="millimolar" exponent="-1"/>
</units>
<units name="millimolar">
<unit units="mole" prefix="milli"/>
<unit units="litre" exponent="-1"/>
</units>
<units name="micromolar">
<unit units="mole" prefix="micro"/>
<unit units="litre" exponent="-1"/>
</units>
<units name="millimolar_per_second">
<unit units="millimolar"/>
<unit units="second" exponent="-1"/>
</units>
<units name="millijoule_per_mole_kelvin">
<unit units="joule" prefix="milli"/>
<unit units="mole" exponent="-1"/>
<unit units="kelvin" exponent="-1"/>
</units>
<units name="coulomb_per_mole">
<unit units="coulomb"/>
<unit units="mole" exponent="-1"/>
</units>
<units name="cm_per_second">
<unit units="metre" prefix="centi"/>
<unit units="second" exponent="-1"/>
</units>
<units name="cm2">
<unit units="metre" prefix="centi" exponent="2"/>
</units>
<units name="micro_litre">
<unit units="litre" prefix="micro"/>
</units>
<!--
The "environment" component is used to declare variables that are used by
all or most of the other components, in this case just "time".
-->
<component name="environment">
<variable units="second" public_interface="out" name="time"/>
</component>
<!--
The "membrane" component is really the `root' node of our model.
It defines the action potential variable "V" among other things.
-->
<component name="membrane">
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="out" name="V" initial_value="-84.624"/>
<variable units="millijoule_per_mole_kelvin" public_interface="out" name="R" initial_value="8314.41"/>
<variable units="kelvin" public_interface="out" name="T" initial_value="310.0"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="out" name="F" initial_value="96485.0"/>
<variable units="microF" name="Cm" initial_value="0.0000095"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_K1"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_to"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_K"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_K_ATP"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca_L_K"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_b_K"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_NaK"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Na"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_b_Na"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_p_Na"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca_L_Na"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_NaCa"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_NaCa_ds"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca_L_Ca"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca_L_Ca_ds"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca_L_K_ds"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca_L_Na_ds"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_b_Ca"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Na_stretch"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_K_stretch"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca_stretch"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ns_stretch"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_An_stretch"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_K_ACh"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="membrane_voltage_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> -1.0 </cn>
<ci> Cm </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> i_K1 </ci>
<ci> i_to </ci>
<ci> i_K </ci>
<ci> i_K_ATP </ci>
<ci> i_b_K </ci>
<ci> i_NaK </ci>
<ci> i_Na </ci>
<ci> i_b_Na </ci>
<ci> i_p_Na </ci>
<ci> i_Ca_L_Na </ci>
<ci> i_NaCa </ci>
<ci> i_NaCa_ds </ci>
<ci> i_Ca_L_Ca </ci>
<ci> i_Ca_L_Ca_ds </ci>
<ci> i_Ca_L_K </ci>
<ci> i_Ca_L_K_ds </ci>
<ci> i_Ca_L_Na_ds </ci>
<ci> i_b_Ca </ci>
<ci> i_Na_stretch </ci>
<ci> i_K_stretch </ci>
<ci> i_Ca_stretch </ci>
<ci> i_Ns_stretch </ci>
<ci> i_An_stretch </ci>
<ci> i_K_ACh </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="reversal_potentials">
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="out" name="E_Na"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="out" name="E_K"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="out" name="E_Ks"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="out" name="E_Ca"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="out" name="E_mh"/>
<variable units="nanoA_per_millimolar" name="P_kna" initial_value="0.03"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="K_o"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Na_o"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="K_i"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Na_i"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_o"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_i"/>
<variable units="millijoule_per_mole_kelvin" public_interface="in" name="R"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<variable units="kelvin" public_interface="in" name="T"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="E_Na_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> E_Na </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<ln/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Na_o </ci>
<ci> Na_i </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="E_K_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> E_K </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<ln/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> K_o </ci>
<ci> K_i </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="E_Ks_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> E_Ks </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<ln/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> K_o </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> P_kna </ci>
<ci> Na_o </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> K_i </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> P_kna </ci>
<ci> Na_i </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="E_Ca_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> E_Ca </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<ln/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Ca_o </ci>
<ci> Ca_i </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="E_mh_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> E_mh </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<ln/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> Na_o </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.12 </cn>
<ci> K_o </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> Na_i </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.12 </cn>
<ci> K_i </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="time_independent_potassium_current">
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_K1"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="K_mk1" initial_value="10.0"/>
<variable units="microS" name="g_K1" initial_value="0.017"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="K_o"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_K"/>
<variable units="millijoule_per_mole_kelvin" public_interface="in" name="R"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<variable units="kelvin" public_interface="in" name="T"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_K1_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_K1 </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_K1 </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> K_o </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> K_o </ci>
<ci> K_mk1 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_K </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> E_K </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 10.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="total_potassium_current">
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_K"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Kr"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ks"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_KNa"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_K_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_K </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> i_Kr </ci>
<ci> i_Ks </ci>
<ci> i_KNa </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="rapid_time_dependent_potassium_current">
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_Kr"/>
<variable units="microS" name="g_Kr1" initial_value="0.0028"/>
<variable units="microS" name="g_Kr2" initial_value="0.0017"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_K"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="V"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="Xr1"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="Xr2"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_Kr_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_Kr </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_Kr1 </ci>
<ci> Xr1 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_Kr2 </ci>
<ci> Xr2 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 9.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 22.4 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_K </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="rapid_time_dependent_potassium_current_Xr1_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="Xr1" initial_value="0.0000103"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="Xr1_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Xr1 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 50.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 5.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 9.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> Xr1 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.05 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 20.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 15.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="rapid_time_dependent_potassium_current_Xr2_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="Xr2" initial_value="0.0000002"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="Xr2_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Xr2 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 50.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 5.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 9.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> Xr2 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.4 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 30.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 30.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="slow_time_dependent_potassium_current">
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_Ks"/>
<variable units="microS" name="g_Ks" initial_value="0.0032"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_Ks"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="V"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="Xs"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_Ks_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_Ks </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_Ks </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> Xs </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_Ks </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="slow_time_dependent_potassium_current_Xs_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="Xs" initial_value="0.001302"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="Xs_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Xs </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 14.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 40.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 9.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> Xs </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Xs </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 45.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="potassium_background_current">
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_b_K"/>
<variable units="microS" name="g_bk" initial_value="0.0017"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_K"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_b_K_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_b_K </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_bk </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_K </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="ATP_dependent_potassium_current">
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_K_ATP"/>
<variable units="microS" name="g_K_ATP"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="K_ATP" initial_value="0.1"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="ATP"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_K_ATP_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_K_ATP </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_K_ATP </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 80.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> ATP </ci>
<ci> K_ATP </ci>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="sodium_activated_potassium_current">
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_KNa"/>
<variable units="microS" name="g_K_Na"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="K_kna" initial_value="20.0"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Na_i"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_K"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_KNa_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_KNa </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_K_Na </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Na_i </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> Na_i </ci>
<ci> K_kna </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_K </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="fast_sodium_current">
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_Na"/>
<variable units="microS" name="g_Na" initial_value="0.5"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_mh"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="V"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="m"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="h"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_Na_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_Na </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_Na </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> m </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
<ci> h </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_mh </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="fast_sodium_current_m_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="m" initial_value="0.0016203"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="m_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> m </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millivolt_second"> 200.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 41.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> -0.1 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 41.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> m </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 8000.0 </cn>
<ci> m </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> -0.056 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 66.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="fast_sodium_current_h_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="h" initial_value="0.9944036"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="h_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> h </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 20.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> -0.125 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 75.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> h </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> h </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millivolt_second"> 2000.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 320.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> -0.1 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 75.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="persistent_sodium_current">
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_p_Na"/>
<variable units="microS" name="g_pna" initial_value="0.004"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_Na"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_p_Na_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_p_Na </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_pna </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 52.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 8.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_Na </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="sodium_background_current">
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_b_Na"/>
<variable units="microS" name="g_bna" initial_value="0.0006"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Na_i"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_Na"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_b_Na_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_b_Na </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_bna </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_Na </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Na_i </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millimolar"> 140.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<!--
The "L_type_Ca_channel" component describes an inward ionic current which is
the sum of Ca, Na and K ions through the membrane channel. The channel has
one activation gate (d) and two inactivation gates (f and
f2 (or f2ds in the diadic space)).
-->
<component name="L_type_Ca_channel">
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_Ca_L_Ca"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_Ca_L_K"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_Ca_L_Na"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_Ca_L_Ca_ds"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_Ca_L_K_ds"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_Ca_L_Na_ds"/>
<variable units="nanoA_per_millimolar" name="P_ca" initial_value="0.05"/>
<variable units="nanoA_per_millimolar" name="P_caK" initial_value="0.002"/>
<variable units="nanoA_per_millimolar" name="P_caNa" initial_value="0.002"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_o"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="Ca_i"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="Ca_ds"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="K_o"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="K_i"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Na_o"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Na_i"/>
<variable units="millijoule_per_mole_kelvin" public_interface="in" name="R"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<variable units="kelvin" public_interface="in" name="T"/>
<variable units="millimolar" private_interface="out" name="K_cachoff" initial_value="0.001"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="V"/>
<variable units="millimolar_per_second" public_interface="out" private_interface="out" name="R_decay" initial_value="20.0"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="d"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="f"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="f2"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="f2ds"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_Ca_L_Ca_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_Ca_L_Ca </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
<ci> P_ca </ci>
<ci> d </ci>
<ci> f </ci>
<ci> f2 </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 50.0 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 50.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Ca_i </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 50.0 </cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Ca_o </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 50.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="i_Ca_L_K_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_Ca_L_K </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> P_caK </ci>
<ci> P_ca </ci>
<ci> d </ci>
<ci> f </ci>
<ci> f2 </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 50.0 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 50.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> K_i </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 50.0 </cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> K_o </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 50.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="i_Ca_L_Na_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_Ca_L_Na </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> P_caNa </ci>
<ci> P_ca </ci>
<ci> d </ci>
<ci> f </ci>
<ci> f2 </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 50.0 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 50.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Na_i </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 50.0 </cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Na_o </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 50.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="i_Ca_L_Ca_ds_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_Ca_L_Ca_ds </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
<ci> P_ca </ci>
<ci> d </ci>
<ci> f </ci>
<ci> f2ds </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 50.0 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 50.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Ca_ds </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 50.0 </cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Ca_o </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 50.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="i_Ca_L_K_ds_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_Ca_L_K_ds </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> P_caK </ci>
<ci> P_ca </ci>
<ci> d </ci>
<ci> f </ci>
<ci> f2ds </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 50.0 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 50.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> K_i </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 50.0 </cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> K_o </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 50.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="i_Ca_L_Na_ds_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_Ca_L_Na_ds </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> P_caNa </ci>
<ci> P_ca </ci>
<ci> d </ci>
<ci> f </ci>
<ci> f2ds </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 50.0 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 50.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Na_i </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 50.0 </cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Na_o </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 50.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="L_type_Ca_channel_d_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="d" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="d_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> d </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millivolt_second"> 90.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 19.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 19.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 4.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> d </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millivolt_second"> 36.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 19.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 19.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 10.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> d </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="L_type_Ca_channel_f_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="f" initial_value="1.0"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="K_cachoff"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_i"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="f_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> f </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 12.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 34.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 4.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 119.0 </cn>
<ci> Ca_i </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> K_cachoff </ci>
<ci> Ca_i </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> f </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 6.25 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 34.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 34.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 4.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> f </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="L_type_Ca_channel_f2_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="f2" initial_value="0.9349197"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="K_cachoff"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_i"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="f2_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> f2 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Ca_i </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> K_cachoff </ci>
<ci> Ca_i </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> f2 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="L_type_Ca_channel_f2ds_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="f2ds" initial_value="0.9651958"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="K_dsoff" initial_value="0.001"/>
<variable units="millimolar_per_second" public_interface="in" name="R_decay"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_ds"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="f2ds_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> f2ds </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R_decay </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Ca_ds </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> K_dsoff </ci>
<ci> Ca_ds </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> f2ds </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="calcium_background_current">
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_b_Ca"/>
<variable units="microS" name="g_bca" initial_value="0.00025"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_Ca"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_b_Ca_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_b_Ca </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_bca </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_Ca </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="transient_outward_current">
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_to"/>
<variable units="microS" name="g_to" initial_value="0.005"/>
<variable units="microS" name="g_tos" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="K_cato" initial_value="0.0005"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_K"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_i"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="V"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="S"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="R"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_to_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_to </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_to </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> g_tos </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> S </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> g_tos </ci>
</apply>
<ci> R </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Ca_i </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> Ca_i </ci>
<ci> K_cato </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_K </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="transient_outward_current_S_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="S" initial_value="0.9948645"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="S_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> S </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.033 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 17.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> S </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 33.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 10.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 8.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> S </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="transient_outward_current_R_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="R" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="R_ss"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="R_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> R </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 333.0 </cn>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> R_ss </ci>
<ci> R </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="R_ss_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> R_ss </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> -0.2 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 4.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="ACh_dependent_potassium_current">
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_K_ACh"/>
<variable units="microS" name="g_KACh" initial_value="0.00005"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="ACh"/>
<variable units="micromolar" name="K_D" initial_value="0.13"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_K"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="K_o"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="K_mk1"/>
<variable units="millijoule_per_mole_kelvin" public_interface="in" name="R"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<variable units="kelvin" public_interface="in" name="T"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="x_ACh"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_K_ACh_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_K_ACh </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_KACh </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> K_o </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> K_o </ci>
<ci> K_mk1 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> x_ACh </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> K_D </ci>
<ci> ACh </ci>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_K </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> E_K </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 10.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="ACh_dependent_potassium_current_xACh_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="x_ACh"/>
<variable units="per_second" name="alpha_ACh" initial_value="0.5"/>
<variable units="per_second" name="beta_ACh" initial_value="0.5"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="x_ACh_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> x_ACh </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alpha_ACh </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> x_ACh </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> beta_ACh </ci>
<ci> x_ACh </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="sodium_potassium_pump">
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_NaK"/>
<variable units="nanoA" name="i_NaK_max" initial_value="0.7"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="K_mk" initial_value="1.0"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="K_mNa" initial_value="40.0"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="K_o"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Na_i"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_NaK_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_NaK </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> i_NaK_max </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> K_o </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> K_o </ci>
<ci> K_mk </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Na_i </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> Na_i </ci>
<ci> K_mNa </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="sodium_calcium_pump">
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_NaCa"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_NaCa_ds"/>
<variable units="nanoA" name="K_NaCa" initial_value="0.0001"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="d_NaCa" initial_value="0.0001"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="gamma" initial_value="0.5"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Na_i"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Na_o"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_i"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_o"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_ds"/>
<variable units="millijoule_per_mole_kelvin" public_interface="in" name="R"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<variable units="kelvin" public_interface="in" name="T"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_NaCa_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_NaCa </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> K_NaCa </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> gamma </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> V </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> Na_i </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
<ci> Ca_o </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> gamma </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> V </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> Na_o </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
<ci> Ca_i </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> d_NaCa </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Ca_i </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> Na_o </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Ca_o </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> Na_i </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="i_NaCa_ds_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_NaCa_ds </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> K_NaCa </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> gamma </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> V </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> Na_i </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
<ci> Ca_o </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> gamma </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> V </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> Na_o </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
<ci> Ca_ds </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> d_NaCa </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Ca_ds </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> Na_o </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Ca_o </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> Na_i </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="calcium_uptake_from_myoplasm_to_NSR">
<variable units="millimolar_per_second" public_interface="out" name="i_up"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="K_cyca" initial_value="0.0003"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="K_xcs" initial_value="0.4"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="K_srca" initial_value="0.5"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_i"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_up"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_up_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_up </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
<ci> Ca_i </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.23 </cn>
<ci> Ca_up </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> K_cyca </ci>
<ci> K_xcs </ci>
</apply>
<ci> K_srca </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> Ca_i </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Ca_up </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> K_cyca </ci>
<ci> K_xcs </ci>
</apply>
<ci> K_srca </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> K_cyca </ci>
<ci> K_xcs </ci>
</apply>
<ci> K_cyca </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="calcium_transfer_from_NSR_to_JSR">
<variable units="millimolar_per_second" public_interface="out" name="i_tr"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_rel"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_up"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_tr_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_tr </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_second"> 50.0 </cn>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> Ca_up </ci>
<ci> Ca_rel </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component cmeta:id="calcium_release_from_JSR_to_myoplasm" name="calcium_release_from_JSR_to_myoplasm">
<variable units="millimolar_per_second" public_interface="out" name="i_rel"/>
<variable units="micrometre" public_interface="out" name="SL" initial_value="2.0"/>
<variable units="nanoA_per_millimolar" name="K_mca2" initial_value="250.0"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="gamma_SR_SL" initial_value="1.5"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="gamma_SR_IT" initial_value="1.5"/>
<variable units="millimolar_per_second" name="J_SR_leak"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" name="f_activator"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_rel"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_rel_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_rel </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> f_activator </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> f_activator </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.25 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
<ci> K_mca2 </ci>
<ci> Ca_rel </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> J_SR_leak </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> gamma_SR_SL </ci>
<ci> SL </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="calcium_release_from_SR">
<variable units="millimolar_per_second" public_interface="out" name="X_SR_rel"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="K_mca" initial_value="0.001"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="K_mca_ds" initial_value="0.01"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_i"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_ds"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="X_SR_rel_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> X_SR_rel </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Ca_i </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> Ca_i </ci>
<ci> K_mca </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Ca_i </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> Ca_i </ci>
<ci> K_mca </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Ca_ds </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> Ca_ds </ci>
<ci> K_mca_ds </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="stretch_dependence">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="f_stretch"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="gamma_SAC_SL" initial_value="2.5"/>
<variable units="micromolar" name="SL_HST" initial_value="2.0"/>
<variable units="micrometre" public_interface="in" name="SL"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="f_stretch_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> f_stretch </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> -2.0 </cn>
<ci> gamma_SAC_SL </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> SL </ci>
<ci> SL_HST </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="stretch_dependent_Ca_current">
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_Ca_stretch"/>
<variable units="microS" name="g_Ca_stretch" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_Ca"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" name="f_stretch"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_Ca_stretch_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_Ca_stretch </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_Ca_stretch </ci>
<ci> f_stretch </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_Ca </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="stretch_dependent_K_current">
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_K_stretch"/>
<variable units="microS" name="g_K_stretch" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_K"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" name="f_stretch"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_K_stretch_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_K_stretch </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_K_stretch </ci>
<ci> f_stretch </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_K </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="stretch_dependent_Na_current">
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_Na_stretch"/>
<variable units="microS" name="g_Na_stretch" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_Na"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" name="f_stretch"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_Na_stretch_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_Na_stretch </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_Na_stretch </ci>
<ci> f_stretch </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_Na </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="stretch_dependent_Ns_current">
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_Ns_stretch"/>
<variable units="microS" name="g_Ns_stretch" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="millivolt" name="E_Ns_stretch" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" name="f_stretch"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_Ns_stretch_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_Ns_stretch </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_Ns_stretch </ci>
<ci> f_stretch </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_Ns_stretch </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="stretch_dependent_An_current">
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_An_stretch"/>
<variable units="microS" name="g_An_stretch" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="millivolt" name="E_An_stretch" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" name="f_stretch"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_An_stretch_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_An_stretch </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_An_stretch </ci>
<ci> f_stretch </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_An_stretch </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="ionic_concentrations">
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Na_i" initial_value="7.3321223"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Na_o" initial_value="140.0"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="K_i" initial_value="136.5644281"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="K_o" initial_value="4.0"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Ca_i" initial_value="0.0000082"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Ca_o" initial_value="2.0"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Ca_ds" initial_value="0.0000171"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Ca_up" initial_value="0.2872393"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Ca_rel" initial_value="0.2846761"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="Ca_cal_mod" initial_value="0.0005555"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="Ca_troponin" initial_value="0.0003542"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="M_trop" initial_value="0.02"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="C_trop" initial_value="0.15"/>
<variable units="per_second" name="alpha_trop" initial_value="5000.0"/>
<variable units="per_second" name="beta_trop" initial_value="200.0"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="gamma_trop_SL" initial_value="2.5"/>
<variable units="millisecond" name="K_decay" initial_value="100.0"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="Ca_b" initial_value="2.0"/>
<variable units="nanoA" name="Diff_Ca" initial_value="0.0005"/>
<variable units="micrometre" name="radius" initial_value="10.0"/>
<variable units="micrometre" name="length" initial_value="80.0"/>
<variable units="micro_litre" name="V_i"/>
<variable units="micro_litre" name="V_cell"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="V_rel" initial_value="0.1"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="V_ecs"/>
<variable units="micro_litre" name="V_ds"/>
<variable units="micro_litre" name="V_SRup"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="V_up" initial_value="0.01"/>
<variable units="micrometre" public_interface="in" name="SL"/>
<variable units="millimolar_per_second" public_interface="in" name="i_up"/>
<variable units="millimolar_per_second" public_interface="in" name="i_tr"/>
<variable units="millimolar_per_second" public_interface="in" name="i_rel"/>
<variable units="millimolar_per_second" public_interface="in" name="R_decay"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Na"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_p_Na"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_b_Na"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_NaK"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_NaCa"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_NaCa_ds"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca_L_Na"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Na_stretch"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_K1"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca_L_K"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_b_K"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_K"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_K_stretch"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca_L_Ca"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca_L_Ca_ds"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_b_Ca"/>
<variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca_stretch"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="V_i_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> V_i </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> V_cell </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V_ecs </ci>
<ci> V_up </ci>
<ci> V_rel </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="V_cell_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> V_cell </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.000000001 </cn>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.141592654 </cn>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> radius </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
<ci> length </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="V_ds_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> V_ds </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.1 </cn>
<ci> V_i </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="V_SRup_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> V_SRup </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> V_cell </ci>
<ci> V_up </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="Na_i_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Na_i </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> -1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> V_i </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> i_Na </ci>
<ci> i_p_Na </ci>
<ci> i_b_Na </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> i_NaK </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> i_NaCa </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> i_NaCa_ds </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
<ci> i_Ca_L_Na </ci>
<ci> i_Na_stretch </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="K_i_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> K_i </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> -1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> V_i </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> i_K1 </ci>
<ci> i_Ca_L_K </ci>
<ci> i_b_K </ci>
<ci> i_K </ci>
<ci> i_K_stretch </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> i_NaK </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="Ca_o_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Ca_o </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> V_cell </ci>
<ci> V_ecs </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> i_Ca_L_Ca </ci>
<ci> i_Ca_L_Ca_ds </ci>
<ci> i_b_Ca </ci>
<ci> i_Ca_stretch </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> i_NaCa </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Diff_Ca </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> Ca_o </ci>
<ci> Ca_b </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="Ca_i_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Ca_i </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> -1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> V_i </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> i_Ca_L_Ca </ci>
<ci> i_b_Ca </ci>
<ci> i_Ca_stretch </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> i_NaCa </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> i_rel </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> V_SRup </ci>
<ci> V_rel </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> V_i </ci>
<ci> V_up </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R_decay </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Ca_ds </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> Ca_ds </ci>
<ci> K_decay </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> Ca_cal_mod </ci>
<ci> Ca_troponin </ci>
<ci> i_up </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="Ca_ds_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Ca_ds </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> -1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> V_ds </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> i_Ca_L_Ca_ds </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> i_NaCa </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R_decay </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Ca_ds </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> Ca_ds </ci>
<ci> K_decay </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="Ca_up_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Ca_up </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> V_i </ci>
<ci> V_SRup </ci>
</apply>
<ci> i_up </ci>
</apply>
<ci> i_tr </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="Ca_rel_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Ca_rel </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> V_up </ci>
<ci> V_rel </ci>
</apply>
<ci> i_tr </ci>
</apply>
<ci> i_rel </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="Ca_cal_mod_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Ca_cal_mod </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 100000.0 </cn>
<ci> Ca_i </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> M_trop </ci>
<ci> Ca_cal_mod </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 50.0 </cn>
<ci> Ca_cal_mod </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="Ca_troponin_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Ca_troponin </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alpha_trop </ci>
<ci> Ca_i </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> gamma_trop_SL </ci>
<ci> SL </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> C_trop </ci>
<ci> Ca_troponin </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> beta_trop </ci>
<ci> Ca_troponin </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="crossbridge_formation">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="f_activator" initial_value="0.0042614"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="f_crossbridge"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="f_product" initial_value="0.4068154"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="f_light_chain"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="K_1" initial_value="12000.0"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="K_2" initial_value="100.0"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="K_3" initial_value="60.0"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="K_4" initial_value="25.0"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="X_1"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="X_2"/>
<variable units="millimolar_per_second" public_interface="in" name="X_SR_rel"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="f_activator_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> f_activator </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> f_activator </ci>
<ci> f_product </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 500.0 </cn>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> X_SR_rel </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 600.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.08 </cn>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 40.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> f_activator </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 500.0 </cn>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> X_SR_rel </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 60.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="f_product_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> f_product </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> f_activator </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 500.0 </cn>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> X_SR_rel </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 60.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> f_product </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="f_light_chain_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> f_light_chain </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> K_1 </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> X_1 </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
<ci> X_2 </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> f_light_chain </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> K_2 </ci>
<ci> f_light_chain </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="f_crossbridge_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> f_crossbridge </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> K_3 </ci>
<ci> f_light_chain </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> f_crossbridge </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> K_4 </ci>
<ci> f_crossbridge </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="isometric_tension">
<variable units="dimensionless" name="T_rest"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="T_act"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="T_total"/>
<variable units="micrometre" name="overlap"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="CB"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="CB_avail"/>
<variable units="micrometre" public_interface="in" name="SL"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" name="f_crossbridge"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="T_rest_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> T_rest </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.0002 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> SL </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="T_act_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> T_act </ci>
<piecewise>
<piece>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> -3.0 </cn>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> SL </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<gt/>
<ci> SL </ci>
<cn cellml:units="micrometre"> 1.0 </cn>
</apply>
</piece>
<otherwise>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.0 </cn>
</otherwise>
</piecewise>
</apply>
<apply id="overlap_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> overlap </ci>
<piecewise>
<piece>
<cn cellml:units="micrometre"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<lt/>
<ci> SL </ci>
<cn cellml:units="micrometre"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</piece>
<otherwise>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="micrometre"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.625 </cn>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> SL </ci>
<cn cellml:units="micrometre"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</otherwise>
</piecewise>
</apply>
<apply id="CB_avail_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> CB_avail </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> T_act </ci>
<ci> overlap </ci>
<ci> CB </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="T_total_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> T_total </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> f_crossbridge </ci>
<ci> CB_avail </ci>
</apply>
<ci> T_rest </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<group>
<relationship_ref relationship="containment"/>
<component_ref component="membrane">
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current">
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_m_gate"/>
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_h_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel">
<component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_d_gate"/>
<component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_f_gate"/>
<component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_f2_gate"/>
<component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_f2ds_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="rapid_time_dependent_potassium_current">
<component_ref component="rapid_time_dependent_potassium_current_Xr1_gate"/>
<component_ref component="rapid_time_dependent_potassium_current_Xr2_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="slow_time_dependent_potassium_current">
<component_ref component="slow_time_dependent_potassium_current_Xs_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="total_potassium_current"/>
<component_ref component="potassium_background_current"/>
<component_ref component="time_independent_potassium_current"/>
<component_ref component="sodium_activated_potassium_current"/>
<component_ref component="ATP_dependent_potassium_current"/>
<component_ref component="persistent_sodium_current"/>
<component_ref component="sodium_background_current"/>
<component_ref component="calcium_background_current"/>
<component_ref component="transient_outward_current">
<component_ref component="transient_outward_current_S_gate"/>
<component_ref component="transient_outward_current_R_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="ACh_dependent_potassium_current">
<component_ref component="ACh_dependent_potassium_current_xACh_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="sodium_potassium_pump"/>
<component_ref component="sodium_calcium_pump"/>
<component_ref component="calcium_uptake_from_myoplasm_to_NSR"/>
<component_ref component="calcium_transfer_from_NSR_to_JSR"/>
<component_ref component="calcium_release_from_JSR_to_myoplasm"/>
<component_ref component="calcium_release_from_SR"/>
<component_ref component="stretch_dependence"/>
<component_ref component="stretch_dependent_Ca_current"/>
<component_ref component="stretch_dependent_K_current"/>
<component_ref component="stretch_dependent_Na_current"/>
<component_ref component="stretch_dependent_Ns_current"/>
<component_ref component="stretch_dependent_An_current"/>
<component_ref component="ionic_concentrations"/>
<component_ref component="crossbridge_formation"/>
<component_ref component="isometric_tension"/>
<component_ref component="reversal_potentials"/>
</component_ref>
</group>
<group>
<relationship_ref relationship="encapsulation"/>
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current">
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_m_gate"/>
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_h_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel">
<component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_d_gate"/>
<component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_f_gate"/>
<component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_f2_gate"/>
<component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_f2ds_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="rapid_time_dependent_potassium_current">
<component_ref component="rapid_time_dependent_potassium_current_Xr1_gate"/>
<component_ref component="rapid_time_dependent_potassium_current_Xr2_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="slow_time_dependent_potassium_current">
<component_ref component="slow_time_dependent_potassium_current_Xs_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="ACh_dependent_potassium_current">
<component_ref component="ACh_dependent_potassium_current_xACh_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="transient_outward_current">
<component_ref component="transient_outward_current_S_gate"/>
<component_ref component="transient_outward_current_R_gate"/>
</component_ref>
</group>
<!--
"Time" is passed from the "environment" component into the
"membrane" and current components.
-->
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="fast_sodium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="L_type_Ca_channel"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="rapid_time_dependent_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="slow_time_dependent_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="time_independent_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="sodium_activated_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="ATP_dependent_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="ACh_dependent_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="persistent_sodium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="sodium_background_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="potassium_background_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="calcium_background_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="transient_outward_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="stretch_dependence"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="stretch_dependent_Ca_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="stretch_dependent_K_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="stretch_dependent_Na_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="stretch_dependent_Ns_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="stretch_dependent_An_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="sodium_potassium_pump"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="sodium_calcium_pump"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="ionic_concentrations"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="crossbridge_formation"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="total_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="calcium_uptake_from_myoplasm_to_NSR"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="calcium_transfer_from_NSR_to_JSR"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="calcium_release_from_JSR_to_myoplasm"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="calcium_release_from_SR"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="isometric_tension"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<!--
Several variables are passed between the "membrane" and its sub-components.
-->
<connection>
<map_components component_2="reversal_potentials" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="R" variable_1="R"/>
<map_variables variable_2="T" variable_1="T"/>
<map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="fast_sodium_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Na" variable_1="i_Na"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="L_type_Ca_channel" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Ca_L_Ca" variable_1="i_Ca_L_Ca"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Ca_L_Na" variable_1="i_Ca_L_Na"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Ca_L_K" variable_1="i_Ca_L_K"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Ca_L_Ca_ds" variable_1="i_Ca_L_Ca_ds"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Ca_L_Na_ds" variable_1="i_Ca_L_Na_ds"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Ca_L_K_ds" variable_1="i_Ca_L_K_ds"/>
<map_variables variable_2="R" variable_1="R"/>
<map_variables variable_2="T" variable_1="T"/>
<map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="total_potassium_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_K" variable_1="i_K"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="rapid_time_dependent_potassium_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="slow_time_dependent_potassium_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="transient_outward_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_to" variable_1="i_to"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="sodium_activated_potassium_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ATP_dependent_potassium_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_K_ATP" variable_1="i_K_ATP"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="time_independent_potassium_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_K1" variable_1="i_K1"/>
<map_variables variable_2="R" variable_1="R"/>
<map_variables variable_2="T" variable_1="T"/>
<map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="persistent_sodium_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_p_Na" variable_1="i_p_Na"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="sodium_background_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_b_Na" variable_1="i_b_Na"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="calcium_background_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_b_Ca" variable_1="i_b_Ca"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="potassium_background_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_b_K" variable_1="i_b_K"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="sodium_potassium_pump" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_NaK" variable_1="i_NaK"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="sodium_calcium_pump" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_NaCa" variable_1="i_NaCa"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_NaCa_ds" variable_1="i_NaCa_ds"/>
<map_variables variable_2="R" variable_1="R"/>
<map_variables variable_2="T" variable_1="T"/>
<map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ACh_dependent_potassium_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_K_ACh" variable_1="i_K_ACh"/>
<map_variables variable_2="R" variable_1="R"/>
<map_variables variable_2="T" variable_1="T"/>
<map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="stretch_dependent_Ca_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Ca_stretch" variable_1="i_Ca_stretch"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="stretch_dependent_K_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_K_stretch" variable_1="i_K_stretch"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="stretch_dependent_Na_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Na_stretch" variable_1="i_Na_stretch"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="stretch_dependent_Ns_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Ns_stretch" variable_1="i_Ns_stretch"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="stretch_dependent_An_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_An_stretch" variable_1="i_An_stretch"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="crossbridge_formation" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
</connection>
<!-- Several variables are passed between the sibling components. -->
<connection>
<map_components component_2="sodium_background_current" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
<map_variables variable_2="E_Na" variable_1="E_Na"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="persistent_sodium_current" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
<map_variables variable_2="E_Na" variable_1="E_Na"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="stretch_dependent_Na_current" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
<map_variables variable_2="E_Na" variable_1="E_Na"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="stretch_dependent_K_current" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
<map_variables variable_2="E_K" variable_1="E_K"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="potassium_background_current" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
<map_variables variable_2="E_K" variable_1="E_K"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="sodium_activated_potassium_current" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
<map_variables variable_2="E_K" variable_1="E_K"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="time_independent_potassium_current" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
<map_variables variable_2="E_K" variable_1="E_K"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="rapid_time_dependent_potassium_current" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
<map_variables variable_2="E_K" variable_1="E_K"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="transient_outward_current" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
<map_variables variable_2="E_K" variable_1="E_K"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ACh_dependent_potassium_current" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
<map_variables variable_2="E_K" variable_1="E_K"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="slow_time_dependent_potassium_current" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
<map_variables variable_2="E_Ks" variable_1="E_Ks"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="calcium_background_current" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
<map_variables variable_2="E_Ca" variable_1="E_Ca"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="stretch_dependent_Ca_current" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
<map_variables variable_2="E_Ca" variable_1="E_Ca"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="fast_sodium_current" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
<map_variables variable_2="E_mh" variable_1="E_mh"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
<map_variables variable_2="K_o" variable_1="K_o"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Na_o" variable_1="Na_o"/>
<map_variables variable_2="K_i" variable_1="K_i"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Na_i" variable_1="Na_i"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_o" variable_1="Ca_o"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_i" variable_1="Ca_i"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="time_independent_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="K_o" variable_1="K_o"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_K1" variable_1="i_K1"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ACh_dependent_potassium_current" component_1="time_independent_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="K_mk1" variable_1="K_mk1"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="total_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_K" variable_1="i_K"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="rapid_time_dependent_potassium_current" component_1="total_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Kr" variable_1="i_Kr"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="slow_time_dependent_potassium_current" component_1="total_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Ks" variable_1="i_Ks"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="sodium_activated_potassium_current" component_1="total_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_KNa" variable_1="i_KNa"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="potassium_background_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_b_K" variable_1="i_b_K"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="sodium_activated_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Na_i" variable_1="Na_i"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="fast_sodium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Na" variable_1="i_Na"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="persistent_sodium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_p_Na" variable_1="i_p_Na"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="sodium_background_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_b_Na" variable_1="i_b_Na"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Na_i" variable_1="Na_i"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="L_type_Ca_channel"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Ca_L_Ca" variable_1="i_Ca_L_Ca"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Ca_L_K" variable_1="i_Ca_L_K"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Ca_L_Na" variable_1="i_Ca_L_Na"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Ca_L_Ca_ds" variable_1="i_Ca_L_Ca_ds"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_o" variable_1="Ca_o"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Na_o" variable_1="Na_o"/>
<map_variables variable_2="K_o" variable_1="K_o"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_i" variable_1="Ca_i"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Na_i" variable_1="Na_i"/>
<map_variables variable_2="K_i" variable_1="K_i"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_ds" variable_1="Ca_ds"/>
<map_variables variable_2="R_decay" variable_1="R_decay"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="calcium_background_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_b_Ca" variable_1="i_b_Ca"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="transient_outward_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_i" variable_1="Ca_i"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="ACh_dependent_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="K_o" variable_1="K_o"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="sodium_potassium_pump"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_NaK" variable_1="i_NaK"/>
<map_variables variable_2="K_o" variable_1="K_o"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Na_i" variable_1="Na_i"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="sodium_calcium_pump"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_NaCa" variable_1="i_NaCa"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_NaCa_ds" variable_1="i_NaCa_ds"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_i" variable_1="Ca_i"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Na_i" variable_1="Na_i"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_o" variable_1="Ca_o"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Na_o" variable_1="Na_o"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_ds" variable_1="Ca_ds"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="calcium_uptake_from_myoplasm_to_NSR"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_up" variable_1="i_up"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_i" variable_1="Ca_i"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_up" variable_1="Ca_up"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="calcium_transfer_from_NSR_to_JSR"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_tr" variable_1="i_tr"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_rel" variable_1="Ca_rel"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_up" variable_1="Ca_up"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="calcium_release_from_JSR_to_myoplasm"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_rel" variable_1="i_rel"/>
<map_variables variable_2="SL" variable_1="SL"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_rel" variable_1="Ca_rel"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="stretch_dependence" component_1="calcium_release_from_JSR_to_myoplasm"/>
<map_variables variable_2="SL" variable_1="SL"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="isometric_tension" component_1="calcium_release_from_JSR_to_myoplasm"/>
<map_variables variable_2="SL" variable_1="SL"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="crossbridge_formation" component_1="calcium_release_from_JSR_to_myoplasm"/>
<map_variables variable_2="f_activator" variable_1="f_activator"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="crossbridge_formation" component_1="calcium_release_from_SR"/>
<map_variables variable_2="X_SR_rel" variable_1="X_SR_rel"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="calcium_release_from_SR"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_i" variable_1="Ca_i"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_ds" variable_1="Ca_ds"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="stretch_dependent_Ca_current" component_1="stretch_dependence"/>
<map_variables variable_2="f_stretch" variable_1="f_stretch"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="stretch_dependent_Na_current" component_1="stretch_dependence"/>
<map_variables variable_2="f_stretch" variable_1="f_stretch"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="stretch_dependent_K_current" component_1="stretch_dependence"/>
<map_variables variable_2="f_stretch" variable_1="f_stretch"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="stretch_dependent_Ns_current" component_1="stretch_dependence"/>
<map_variables variable_2="f_stretch" variable_1="f_stretch"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="stretch_dependent_An_current" component_1="stretch_dependence"/>
<map_variables variable_2="f_stretch" variable_1="f_stretch"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="stretch_dependent_Ca_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Ca_stretch" variable_1="i_Ca_stretch"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="stretch_dependent_K_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_K_stretch" variable_1="i_K_stretch"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="stretch_dependent_Na_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Na_stretch" variable_1="i_Na_stretch"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="isometric_tension" component_1="crossbridge_formation"/>
<map_variables variable_2="f_crossbridge" variable_1="f_crossbridge"/>
</connection>
<!--
Various variables are passed between parent components and their
encapsulated gates.
-->
<connection>
<map_components component_2="rapid_time_dependent_potassium_current_Xr1_gate" component_1="rapid_time_dependent_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Xr1" variable_1="Xr1"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="rapid_time_dependent_potassium_current_Xr2_gate" component_1="rapid_time_dependent_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Xr2" variable_1="Xr2"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="slow_time_dependent_potassium_current_Xs_gate" component_1="slow_time_dependent_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Xs" variable_1="Xs"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="fast_sodium_current_m_gate" component_1="fast_sodium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="m" variable_1="m"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="fast_sodium_current_h_gate" component_1="fast_sodium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="h" variable_1="h"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="L_type_Ca_channel_d_gate" component_1="L_type_Ca_channel"/>
<map_variables variable_2="d" variable_1="d"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="L_type_Ca_channel_f_gate" component_1="L_type_Ca_channel"/>
<map_variables variable_2="f" variable_1="f"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_i" variable_1="Ca_i"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="K_cachoff" variable_1="K_cachoff"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="L_type_Ca_channel_f2_gate" component_1="L_type_Ca_channel"/>
<map_variables variable_2="f2" variable_1="f2"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_i" variable_1="Ca_i"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="K_cachoff" variable_1="K_cachoff"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="L_type_Ca_channel_f2ds_gate" component_1="L_type_Ca_channel"/>
<map_variables variable_2="f2ds" variable_1="f2ds"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_ds" variable_1="Ca_ds"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="R_decay" variable_1="R_decay"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="transient_outward_current_S_gate" component_1="transient_outward_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="S" variable_1="S"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="transient_outward_current_R_gate" component_1="transient_outward_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="R" variable_1="R"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ACh_dependent_potassium_current_xACh_gate" component_1="ACh_dependent_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="x_ACh" variable_1="x_ACh"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<rdf:RDF>
<rdf:Bag rdf:about="rdf:#e1e4fd87-83db-4abc-8725-4088b7afe492">
<rdf:li>Ventricular Myocyte</rdf:li>
<rdf:li>cardiac</rdf:li>
<rdf:li>electrophysiology</rdf:li>
</rdf:Bag>
<rdf:Seq rdf:about="rdf:#citationAuthorsSeq">
<rdf:li rdf:resource="rdf:#author1Vcard"/>
<rdf:li rdf:resource="rdf:#author2Vcard"/>
<rdf:li rdf:resource="rdf:#author3Vcard"/>
<rdf:li rdf:resource="rdf:#author4Vcard"/>
</rdf:Seq>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#ab0f4ca8-aeb5-48f3-9e60-3a96e8a4a9e1">
<dcterms:W3CDTF>2002-07-22</dcterms:W3CDTF>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#5764ff24-e9c7-417b-984a-7206a0515572">
<dcterms:modified rdf:resource="rdf:#ab0f4ca8-aeb5-48f3-9e60-3a96e8a4a9e1"/>
<rdf:value>
Added more metadata.
</rdf:value>
<cmeta:modifier rdf:resource="rdf:#e99f3549-e53e-49ac-add5-e919329e10cd"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#0f31daaf-fa0e-4cfc-bb18-0d2ac0ddd374">
<vCard:Given>Catherine</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family>Lloyd</vCard:Family>
<vCard:Other>May</vCard:Other>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#author4Vcard">
<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#Person"/>
<vCard:N rdf:resource="rdf:#author4VcardN"/>
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<vCard:N rdf:resource="rdf:#c11f7659-975b-4bbe-ac7d-30eb836046f4"/>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#author1Vcard">
<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#Person"/>
<vCard:N rdf:resource="rdf:#author1VcardN"/>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#f0c60033-53e5-42b7-9870-af0ff1851706">
<dcterms:modified rdf:resource="rdf:#ce13b4eb-683b-4232-a984-494253dc306a"/>
<rdf:value>
Corrected several equations.
</rdf:value>
<cmeta:modifier rdf:resource="rdf:#461f6514-4fdf-460c-acd1-227a0c060c86"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#1f62f1c4-d0ae-47cf-a5fa-770398ec3226">
<vCard:N rdf:resource="rdf:#539d56fe-977f-4920-a779-c0cba8313082"/>
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<dc:subject rdf:resource="rdf:#ea564daf-0e54-45d4-852a-ebc3bb35e07e"/>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#author3VcardN">
<vCard:Given>Peter</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family>Kohl</vCard:Family>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#c11f7659-975b-4bbe-ac7d-30eb836046f4">
<vCard:Given>Catherine</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family>Lloyd</vCard:Family>
<vCard:Other>May</vCard:Other>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#7351dbb4-eac1-49de-b3d5-97bfb9f80f08">
<dcterms:modified rdf:resource="rdf:#d94671da-127a-4a65-a88c-8444de23e21f"/>
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Added publication date information.
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<cmeta:modifier rdf:resource="rdf:#d13dddd2-418a-4fc0-acfe-351faebd0cb7"/>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#e99f3549-e53e-49ac-add5-e919329e10cd">
<vCard:N rdf:resource="rdf:#0f31daaf-fa0e-4cfc-bb18-0d2ac0ddd374"/>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#395d3261-c214-4fd7-b35f-613830978fd0">
<vCard:Given>Catherine</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family>Lloyd</vCard:Family>
<vCard:Other>May</vCard:Other>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#d13dddd2-418a-4fc0-acfe-351faebd0cb7">
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<vCard:Given>Anthony</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family>Varghese</vCard:Family>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="#noble_varghese_kohl_noble_1998_version01">
<dc:title>
The Noble 1998 Improved Guinea-Pig Ventricular Cell Model
</dc:title>
<cmeta:bio_entity>Ventricular Myocyte</cmeta:bio_entity>
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#b4cb5509-f213-4ddf-8d3a-d4a3032c1a6f"/>
<bqs:reference rdf:resource="rdf:#8d4bc9e5-fd6b-4649-9033-34ec32f43055"/>
<bqs:reference rdf:resource="rdf:#f9ffba0c-a015-4e5d-8712-af6c38d52a4a"/>
<cmeta:species>Guinea-Pig</cmeta:species>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#6df6f397-7283-4ae1-b780-21e8895bc3b2">
<dcterms:W3CDTF>2002-03-01</dcterms:W3CDTF>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#539d56fe-977f-4920-a779-c0cba8313082">
<vCard:Given>Catherine</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family>Lloyd</vCard:Family>
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Updated metadata to conform to the 16/1/02 CellML Metadata 1.0
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The sarcoplasmic leak current (J_SR_leak) is mechanically
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The University of Auckland, Bioengineering Research Group
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Added some initial values from Penny Noble's documentation. Removed
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Corrected units.
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Corrected the i_K1 and i_K_ACh calculations.
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Altered some of the connections.
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<vCard:Given>Denis</vCard:Given>
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<dcterms:W3CDTF>2003-04-09</dcterms:W3CDTF>
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<dc:title>Improved guinea-pig ventricular cell model incorporating a diadic space, IKr and IKs, and length- and tension-dependent processes</dc:title>
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