Location: Noble, Varghese, Kohl, Noble, 1998 @ f4309e193355 / noble_varghese_kohl_noble_1998_a.cellml

Author:
Catherine Lloyd <c.lloyd@auckland.ac.nz>
Date:
2010-02-12 13:04:43+13:00
Desc:
Changed name of image files, deleted old version of the model which is now handled by version control, changed image name in documentation in preparation for Hanne's new images.
Permanent Source URI:
https://staging.physiomeproject.org/workspace/noble_varghese_kohl_noble_1998/rawfile/f4309e193355a3a735b1170ca0c63b7a7f1cb812/noble_varghese_kohl_noble_1998_a.cellml

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!--  FILE :  noble_model_1998.xml

CREATED :  18th December 2001

LAST MODIFIED : 22nd July 2002

AUTHOR :  Catherine Lloyd
          Department of Engineering Science
          The University of Auckland
          
MODEL STATUS :  This model conforms to the CellML 1.0 Specification released on
10th August 2001, and the 16/1/02 CellML Metadata 1.0 Specification.

DESCRIPTION :  This file contains a CellML description of Noble's 1998 improved
guinea-pig ventricular cell model.

CHANGES:  
  04/01/2002 - CML - Altered some of the connections.
  21/01/2002 - AAC - Updated metadata to conform to the 16/1/02 CellML Metadata
                     1.0 Specification.
  25/02/2002 - CML - Corrected i_K1 and i_K_ACh calculations.
  26/02/2002 - CML - Corrected several more equations.
  01/03/2002 - CML - Corrected units.
  06/05/2002 - CML - Added some initial values.  Removed the blocked h_gate 
                     component from the fast sodium current as it belongs to a
                     separate model which considers the effect of drugs.
  22/07/2002 - CML - Added more metadata.
  08/02/2003 - DPN - Added encapsulation hierarchy for transient_outward_current.
  04/11/2007 - PJN - Units checked, curated
--><model xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" xmlns:cmeta="http://www.cellml.org/metadata/1.0#" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:bqs="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#" xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" xmlns:ns7="http://www.cellml.org/metadata/simulation/1.0#" cmeta:id="noble_varghese_kohl_noble_1998_basic" name="noble_varghese_kohl_noble_1998_basic">

<documentation xmlns="http://cellml.org/tmp-documentation">
<article>
  <articleinfo>
  <title>Improved guinea-pig ventricular cell model incorporating a diadic space, IKr and IKs, and length- and tension-dependent processes</title>
  <author>
    <firstname>Penny</firstname>
          <surname>Noble</surname>
    <affiliation>
      <shortaffil>Oxford University</shortaffil>
    </affiliation>
  </author>
</articleinfo>
  <section id="sec_status">
    <title>Model Status</title>
    <para>
This version has been curated and unit checked by Penny Noble and is known to run into COR and PCEnv. This variant is parameterised for the BASIC model, excluding acetylcholine dependent modulation and electromechanical processes. This model is also associated with a PCEnv session file.
    </para>
  </section>
  <sect1 id="sec_structure">
<title>Model Structure</title>

<para>ABSTRACT: The guinea-pig ventricular cell model, originally developed by Noble et al in 1991, has been greatly extended to include accumulation and depletion of calcium in a diadic space between the sarcolemma and the sarcoplasmic reticulum where, according to contempory understanding, the majority of calcium-induced calcium release is triggered. The calcium in this space is also assumed to play the major role in calcium-induced inactivation of the calcium current. Delayed potassium current equations have been developed to include the rapid (IKr) and slow (IKs) components of the delayed rectifier current based on the data of of Heath and Terrar, along with data from Sanguinetti and Jurkiewicz. Length- and tension-dependent changes in mechanical and electrophysiological processes have been incorporated as described recently by Kohl et al. Drug receptor interactions have started to be developed, using the sodium channel as the first target. The new model has been tested against experimental data on action potential clamp, and on force-interval and duration-interval relations; it has been found to reliably reproduce experimental observations.
</para>

<para>
The original paper reference is cited below:
</para>

<para>
Improved guinea-pig ventricular cell model incorporating a diadic space, IKr and IKs, and length- and tension-dependent processes, Denis Noble, Anthony Varghese, Peter Kohl and Penelope Noble, 1998, <emphasis>Can J Cardiol</emphasis>, 14, 123-134.  <ulink url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9487284">PubMed ID: 9487284</ulink>
</para>

<informalfigure float="0" id="fig_cell_diagram">
<mediaobject>
  <imageobject>
    <objectinfo>
      <title>cell diagram of Noble'98 model showing ionic currents, pumps and exchangers within the sarcolemma and the sarcoplasmic reticulum</title>
    </objectinfo>
    <imagedata fileref="noble_1998a.png"/>
  </imageobject>
</mediaobject>
<caption>A schematic diagram describing the current flows across the cell membrane that are captured in the Noble'98 model.</caption>
</informalfigure>

</sect1>
</article>
</documentation>

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      <unit units="metre" prefix="micro"/>
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   <units name="per_second">
      <unit units="second" exponent="-1"/>
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      <unit units="volt" prefix="milli"/>
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   <units name="per_millivolt_second">
      <unit units="millivolt" exponent="-1"/>
      <unit units="second" exponent="-1"/>
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   <units name="microF">
      <unit units="farad" prefix="micro"/>
   </units>
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   </units>
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   </units>
   <units name="nanoA_per_millimolar">
      <unit units="ampere" prefix="nano"/>
      <unit units="millimolar" exponent="-1"/>
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      <unit units="litre" exponent="-1"/>
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   <units name="millimolar4">
      <unit units="millimolar" exponent="4"/>
   </units>
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      <unit units="millimolar"/>
      <unit units="second" exponent="-1"/>
   </units>
   <units name="per_millimolar_second">
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      <unit units="second" exponent="-1"/>
   </units>
   <units name="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin">
      <unit units="joule"/>
      <unit units="mole" prefix="kilo" exponent="-1"/>
      <unit units="kelvin" exponent="-1"/>
   </units>
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      <unit units="coulomb"/>
      <unit units="mole" exponent="-1"/>
   </units>
   <units name="micrometre3">
      <unit units="metre" prefix="micro" exponent="3"/>
   </units>
   <units name="litre_micrometre3">
      <unit units="litre"/>
      <unit units="micrometre3" exponent="-1"/>
   </units>
   <component name="environment">
      <variable units="second" public_interface="out" name="time"/>
   </component>
   <component name="membrane">
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="out" name="V" initial_value="-92.849333"/>
      <variable units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin" public_interface="out" name="R" initial_value="8314.472"/>
      <variable units="kelvin" public_interface="out" name="T" initial_value="310"/>
      <variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="out" name="F" initial_value="96485.3415"/>
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      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_K1"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_to"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Kr"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ks"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca_L_K_cyt"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca_L_K_ds"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_NaK"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Na"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_b_Na"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_p_Na"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca_L_Na_cyt"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca_L_Na_ds"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_NaCa_cyt"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_NaCa_ds"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca_L_Ca_cyt"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca_L_Ca_ds"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_b_Ca"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" name="i_Stim"/>
      <variable units="second" name="stim_start" initial_value="0.1"/>
      <variable units="second" name="stim_end" initial_value="100000"/>
      <variable units="second" name="stim_period" initial_value="1"/>
      <variable units="second" name="stim_duration" initial_value="0.003"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" name="stim_amplitude" initial_value="-3"/>
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         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_Stim</ci>
            <piecewise>
               <piece>
                  <ci>stim_amplitude</ci>
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                     <and/>
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                        <geq/>
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                        <ci>stim_start</ci>
                     </apply>
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                        <ci>stim_end</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <leq/>
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                              <minus/>
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                                    <divide/>
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                                       <ci>stim_start</ci>
                                    </apply>
                                    <ci>stim_period</ci>
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               </bvar>
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                  <ci>i_Ca_L_Na_ds</ci>
                  <ci>i_NaCa_cyt</ci>
                  <ci>i_NaCa_ds</ci>
                  <ci>i_Ca_L_Ca_cyt</ci>
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                  <ci>i_b_Ca</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="reversal_potentials">
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="out" name="E_Na"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="out" name="E_K"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="out" name="E_Ks"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="out" name="E_Ca"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="out" name="E_mh"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="P_kna" initial_value="0.03"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="K_o"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Na_o"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="K_i"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Na_i"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_o"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_i"/>
      <variable units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin" public_interface="in" name="R"/>
      <variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
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                  <ln/>
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                     <ci>Na_i</ci>
                  </apply>
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               <times/>
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                        </apply>
                     </apply>
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                  <ln/>
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            </apply>
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                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="time_independent_potassium_current">
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      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="K_mk1" initial_value="10"/>
      <variable units="microS" name="g_K1" initial_value="0.5"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="K_o"/>
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      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_K"/>
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      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
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                              <minus/>
                              <ci>V</ci>
                              <cn cellml:units="millivolt">5</cn>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="millivolt">9</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>beta_xr2</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <cn cellml:units="per_second">0.4</cn>
               <apply>
                  <exp/>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <apply>
                        <power/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <plus/>
                              <ci>V</ci>
                              <cn cellml:units="millivolt">30</cn>
                           </apply>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">30</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>xr2</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>alpha_xr2</ci>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <ci>xr2</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>beta_xr2</ci>
                  <ci>xr2</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_Ks"/>
      <variable units="microS" name="g_Ks" initial_value="0.0026"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_Ks"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="V"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="xs"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_Ks</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>g_Ks</ci>
               <apply>
                  <power/>
                  <ci>xs</ci>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>V</ci>
                  <ci>E_Ks</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_xs_gate">
      <variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="xs" initial_value="0.001302"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
      <variable units="per_second" name="alpha_xs"/>
      <variable units="per_second" name="beta_xs"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>alpha_xs</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <cn cellml:units="per_second">14</cn>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <exp/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <apply>
                              <minus/>
                              <ci>V</ci>
                              <cn cellml:units="millivolt">40</cn>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="millivolt">9</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>beta_xs</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <cn cellml:units="per_second">1</cn>
               <apply>
                  <exp/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <ci>V</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <cn cellml:units="millivolt">45</cn>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>xs</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>alpha_xs</ci>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <ci>xs</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>beta_xs</ci>
                  <ci>xs</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="fast_sodium_current">
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_Na"/>
      <variable units="microS" name="g_Na" initial_value="2.5"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_mh"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="V"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="m"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="h"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_Na</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>g_Na</ci>
               <apply>
                  <power/>
                  <ci>m</ci>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
               </apply>
               <ci>h</ci>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>V</ci>
                  <ci>E_mh</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="fast_sodium_current_m_gate">
      <variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="m" initial_value="0.0016203"/>
      <variable units="per_second" name="alpha_m"/>
      <variable units="per_second" name="beta_m"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" name="delta_m" initial_value="1e-5"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" name="E0_m"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>E0_m</ci>
            <apply>
               <plus/>
               <ci>V</ci>
               <cn cellml:units="millivolt">41</cn>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>alpha_m</ci>
            <piecewise>
               <piece>
                  <cn cellml:units="per_second">2000</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <lt/>
                     <apply>
                        <abs/>
                        <ci>E0_m</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <ci>delta_m</ci>
                  </apply>
               </piece>
               <otherwise>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn cellml:units="per_millivolt_second">200</cn>
                        <ci>E0_m</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <cn cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.1</cn>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>E0_m</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </otherwise>
            </piecewise>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>beta_m</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <cn cellml:units="per_second">8000</cn>
               <apply>
                  <exp/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.056</cn>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <ci>V</ci>
                        <cn cellml:units="millivolt">66</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>m</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>alpha_m</ci>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <ci>m</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>beta_m</ci>
                  <ci>m</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="fast_sodium_current_h_gate">
      <variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="h" initial_value="0.9944036"/>
      <variable units="per_second" name="alpha_h"/>
      <variable units="per_second" name="beta_h"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" name="shift_h" initial_value="0"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>alpha_h</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <cn cellml:units="per_second">20</cn>
               <apply>
                  <exp/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.125</cn>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <apply>
                           <plus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">75</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>shift_h</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>beta_h</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <cn cellml:units="per_second">2000</cn>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">320</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <times/>
                           <apply>
                              <minus/>
                              <cn cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.1</cn>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <minus/>
                              <apply>
                                 <plus/>
                                 <ci>V</ci>
                                 <cn cellml:units="millivolt">75</cn>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>shift_h</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>h</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>alpha_h</ci>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <ci>h</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>beta_h</ci>
                  <ci>h</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="persistent_sodium_current">
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_p_Na"/>
      <variable units="microS" name="g_pna" initial_value="0.004"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_Na"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_p_Na</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>g_pna</ci>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <plus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <minus/>
                              <apply>
                                 <plus/>
                                 <ci>V</ci>
                                 <cn cellml:units="millivolt">52</cn>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">8</cn>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>V</ci>
                  <ci>E_Na</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="sodium_background_current">
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_b_Na"/>
      <variable units="microS" name="g_bna" initial_value="0.0006"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Na_i"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_Na"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_b_Na</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>g_bna</ci>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>V</ci>
                  <ci>E_Na</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="L_type_Ca_channel">
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_Ca_L_Ca_cyt"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_Ca_L_K_cyt"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_Ca_L_Na_cyt"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_Ca_L_Ca_ds"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_Ca_L_K_ds"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_Ca_L_Na_ds"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_Ca_L"/>
      <variable units="nanoA_per_millimolar" name="P_Ca_L" initial_value="0.1"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="P_CaK" initial_value="0.002"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="P_CaNa" initial_value="0.01"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_o"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="Ca_i"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="Ca_ds"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="K_o"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="K_i"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Na_o"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Na_i"/>
      <variable units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin" public_interface="in" name="R"/>
      <variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
      <variable units="kelvin" public_interface="in" name="T"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="V"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="d"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="f"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="f2"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="f2ds"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" private_interface="out" name="Km_f2" initial_value="100000"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" private_interface="out" name="Km_f2ds" initial_value="0.001"/>
      <variable units="per_second" public_interface="out" private_interface="out" name="R_decay" initial_value="20"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="FrICa" initial_value="1"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_Ca_L_Ca_cyt</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                           <ci>FrICa</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">4</cn>
                        <ci>P_Ca_L</ci>
                        <ci>d</ci>
                        <ci>f</ci>
                        <ci>f2</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>F</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>R</ci>
                        <ci>T</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                              <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>Ca_i</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <cn cellml:units="millivolt">100</cn>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>Ca_o</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                              <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_Ca_L_K_cyt</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                           <ci>FrICa</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>P_CaK</ci>
                        <ci>P_Ca_L</ci>
                        <ci>d</ci>
                        <ci>f</ci>
                        <ci>f2</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>F</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>R</ci>
                        <ci>T</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>K_i</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>K_o</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_Ca_L_Na_cyt</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                           <ci>FrICa</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>P_CaNa</ci>
                        <ci>P_Ca_L</ci>
                        <ci>d</ci>
                        <ci>f</ci>
                        <ci>f2</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>F</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>R</ci>
                        <ci>T</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>Na_i</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>Na_o</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_Ca_L_Ca_ds</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>FrICa</ci>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">4</cn>
                        <ci>P_Ca_L</ci>
                        <ci>d</ci>
                        <ci>f</ci>
                        <ci>f2ds</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>F</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>R</ci>
                        <ci>T</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                              <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>Ca_i</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <cn cellml:units="millivolt">100</cn>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>Ca_o</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                              <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_Ca_L_K_ds</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>FrICa</ci>
                        <ci>P_CaK</ci>
                        <ci>P_Ca_L</ci>
                        <ci>d</ci>
                        <ci>f</ci>
                        <ci>f2ds</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>F</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>R</ci>
                        <ci>T</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>K_i</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>K_o</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_Ca_L_Na_ds</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>FrICa</ci>
                        <ci>P_CaNa</ci>
                        <ci>P_Ca_L</ci>
                        <ci>d</ci>
                        <ci>f</ci>
                        <ci>f2ds</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>F</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>R</ci>
                        <ci>T</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>Na_i</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>Na_o</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_Ca_L</ci>
            <apply>
               <plus/>
               <ci>i_Ca_L_Ca_cyt</ci>
               <ci>i_Ca_L_K_cyt</ci>
               <ci>i_Ca_L_Na_cyt</ci>
               <ci>i_Ca_L_Ca_ds</ci>
               <ci>i_Ca_L_K_ds</ci>
               <ci>i_Ca_L_Na_ds</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="L_type_Ca_channel_d_gate">
      <variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="d" initial_value="0"/>
      <variable units="per_second" name="alpha_d"/>
      <variable units="per_second" name="beta_d"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" name="E0_d"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="speed_d" initial_value="3"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>E0_d</ci>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <ci>V</ci>
                  <cn cellml:units="millivolt">24</cn>
               </apply>
               <cn cellml:units="millivolt">5</cn>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>alpha_d</ci>
            <piecewise>
               <piece>
                  <cn cellml:units="per_second">120</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <lt/>
                     <apply>
                        <abs/>
                        <ci>E0_d</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <cn cellml:units="millivolt">0.0001</cn>
                  </apply>
               </piece>
               <otherwise>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn cellml:units="per_millivolt_second">30</cn>
                        <ci>E0_d</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <divide/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <ci>E0_d</ci>
                              </apply>
                              <cn cellml:units="millivolt">4</cn>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </otherwise>
            </piecewise>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>beta_d</ci>
            <piecewise>
               <piece>
                  <cn cellml:units="per_second">120</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <lt/>
                     <apply>
                        <abs/>
                        <ci>E0_d</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <cn cellml:units="millivolt">0.0001</cn>
                  </apply>
               </piece>
               <otherwise>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn cellml:units="per_millivolt_second">12</cn>
                        <ci>E0_d</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <divide/>
                              <ci>E0_d</ci>
                              <cn cellml:units="millivolt">10</cn>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </otherwise>
            </piecewise>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>d</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>speed_d</ci>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>alpha_d</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <ci>d</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>beta_d</ci>
                     <ci>d</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="L_type_Ca_channel_f_gate">
      <variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="f" initial_value="1"/>
      <variable units="per_second" name="alpha_f"/>
      <variable units="per_second" name="beta_f"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="speed_f" initial_value="0.3"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" name="delta_f" initial_value="0.0001"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" name="E0_f"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>E0_f</ci>
            <apply>
               <plus/>
               <ci>V</ci>
               <cn cellml:units="millivolt">34</cn>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>alpha_f</ci>
            <piecewise>
               <piece>
                  <cn cellml:units="per_second">25</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <lt/>
                     <apply>
                        <abs/>
                        <ci>E0_f</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <ci>delta_f</ci>
                  </apply>
               </piece>
               <otherwise>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn cellml:units="per_millivolt_second">6.25</cn>
                        <ci>E0_f</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <divide/>
                              <ci>E0_f</ci>
                              <cn cellml:units="millivolt">4</cn>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </otherwise>
            </piecewise>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>beta_f</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <cn cellml:units="per_second">12</cn>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <exp/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <apply>
                           <times/>
                           <apply>
                              <minus/>
                              <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <plus/>
                              <ci>V</ci>
                              <cn cellml:units="millivolt">34</cn>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="millivolt">4</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>f</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>speed_f</ci>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>alpha_f</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <ci>f</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>beta_f</ci>
                     <ci>f</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="L_type_Ca_channel_f2_gate">
      <variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="f2" initial_value="0.9349197"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Km_f2"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_i"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>f2</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <cn cellml:units="per_second">1</cn>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <cn cellml:units="per_second">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <plus/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <ci>Ca_i</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <plus/>
                           <ci>Km_f2</ci>
                           <ci>Ca_i</ci>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <ci>f2</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="L_type_Ca_channel_f2ds_gate">
      <variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="f2ds" initial_value="0.9651958"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Km_f2ds"/>
      <variable units="per_second" public_interface="in" name="R_decay"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_ds"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>f2ds</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>R_decay</ci>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <plus/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <ci>Ca_ds</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <plus/>
                           <ci>Km_f2ds</ci>
                           <ci>Ca_ds</ci>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <ci>f2ds</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="calcium_background_current">
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_b_Ca"/>
      <variable units="microS" name="g_bca" initial_value="0.00025"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_Ca"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_b_Ca</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>g_bca</ci>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>V</ci>
                  <ci>E_Ca</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="transient_outward_current">
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_to"/>
      <variable units="microS" name="g_to" initial_value="0.005"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="g_tos" initial_value="0"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_K"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="V"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="s"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="r"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_to</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>g_to</ci>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <ci>g_tos</ci>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>s</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <ci>g_tos</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <ci>r</ci>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>V</ci>
                  <ci>E_K</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="transient_outward_current_s_gate">
      <variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="s" initial_value="0.9948645"/>
      <variable units="per_second" name="alpha_s"/>
      <variable units="per_second" name="beta_s"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>alpha_s</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <cn cellml:units="per_second">0.033</cn>
               <apply>
                  <exp/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <ci>V</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <cn cellml:units="millivolt">17</cn>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>beta_s</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <cn cellml:units="per_second">33</cn>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <exp/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <cn cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.125</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <plus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">10</cn>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>s</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>alpha_s</ci>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <ci>s</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>beta_s</ci>
                  <ci>s</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="transient_outward_current_r_gate">
      <variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="r" initial_value="0"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>r</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <cn cellml:units="per_second">333</cn>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <divide/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <plus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">4</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <cn cellml:units="millivolt">5</cn>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>r</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="sodium_potassium_pump">
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_NaK"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" name="i_NaK_max" initial_value="0.7"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" name="K_mK" initial_value="1"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" name="K_mNa" initial_value="40"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="K_o"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Na_i"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_NaK</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>i_NaK_max</ci>
                        <ci>K_o</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <ci>K_mK</ci>
                        <ci>K_o</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>Na_i</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <ci>K_mNa</ci>
                  <ci>Na_i</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="sodium_calcium_exchanger">
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_NaCa"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_NaCa_cyt"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_NaCa_ds"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" name="k_NaCa" initial_value="0.0005"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="n_NaCa" initial_value="3"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="d_NaCa" initial_value="0"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="gamma" initial_value="0.5"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="FRiNaCa" initial_value="0.001"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Na_i"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Na_o"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_i"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_ds"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_o"/>
      <variable units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin" public_interface="in" name="R"/>
      <variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
      <variable units="kelvin" public_interface="in" name="T"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_NaCa_cyt</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <ci>FRiNaCa</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>k_NaCa</ci>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <divide/>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <ci>gamma</ci>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>n_NaCa</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                 </apply>
                                 <ci>V</ci>
                                 <ci>F</ci>
                              </apply>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <ci>R</ci>
                                 <ci>T</ci>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <power/>
                           <ci>Na_i</ci>
                           <ci>n_NaCa</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>Ca_o</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <divide/>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>gamma</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                 </apply>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>n_NaCa</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                 </apply>
                                 <ci>V</ci>
                                 <ci>F</ci>
                              </apply>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <ci>R</ci>
                                 <ci>T</ci>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <power/>
                           <ci>Na_o</ci>
                           <ci>n_NaCa</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>Ca_i</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <plus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="millimolar4">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>d_NaCa</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <plus/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>Ca_i</ci>
                              <apply>
                                 <power/>
                                 <ci>Na_o</ci>
                                 <ci>n_NaCa</ci>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>Ca_o</ci>
                              <apply>
                                 <power/>
                                 <ci>Na_i</ci>
                                 <ci>n_NaCa</ci>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <plus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <ci>Ca_i</ci>
                        <cn cellml:units="millimolar">0.0069</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_NaCa_ds</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>FRiNaCa</ci>
                  <ci>k_NaCa</ci>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <divide/>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <ci>gamma</ci>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>n_NaCa</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                 </apply>
                                 <ci>V</ci>
                                 <ci>F</ci>
                              </apply>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <ci>R</ci>
                                 <ci>T</ci>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <power/>
                           <ci>Na_i</ci>
                           <ci>n_NaCa</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>Ca_o</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <divide/>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>gamma</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                 </apply>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>n_NaCa</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                 </apply>
                                 <ci>V</ci>
                                 <ci>F</ci>
                              </apply>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <ci>R</ci>
                                 <ci>T</ci>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <power/>
                           <ci>Na_o</ci>
                           <ci>n_NaCa</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>Ca_ds</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <plus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="millimolar4">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>d_NaCa</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <plus/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>Ca_ds</ci>
                              <apply>
                                 <power/>
                                 <ci>Na_o</ci>
                                 <ci>n_NaCa</ci>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>Ca_o</ci>
                              <apply>
                                 <power/>
                                 <ci>Na_i</ci>
                                 <ci>n_NaCa</ci>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <plus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <ci>Ca_ds</ci>
                        <cn cellml:units="millimolar">0.0069</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_NaCa</ci>
            <apply>
               <plus/>
               <ci>i_NaCa_cyt</ci>
               <ci>i_NaCa_ds</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="sarcoplasmic_reticulum_calcium_pump">
      <variable units="millimolar_per_second" public_interface="out" name="i_up"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="K_1"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" name="K_2"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" name="K_cyca" initial_value="0.0003"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="K_xcs" initial_value="0.4"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" name="K_srca" initial_value="0.5"/>
      <variable units="millimolar_per_second" name="alpha_up" initial_value="0.4"/>
      <variable units="millimolar_per_second" name="beta_up" initial_value="0.03"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_i"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_up"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>K_1</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>K_cyca</ci>
                  <ci>K_xcs</ci>
               </apply>
               <ci>K_srca</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>K_2</ci>
            <apply>
               <plus/>
               <ci>Ca_i</ci>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>Ca_up</ci>
                  <ci>K_1</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>K_cyca</ci>
                  <ci>K_xcs</ci>
               </apply>
               <ci>K_cyca</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_up</ci>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <ci>Ca_i</ci>
                     <ci>K_2</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>alpha_up</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>Ca_up</ci>
                        <ci>K_1</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <ci>K_2</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>beta_up</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="calcium_translocation">
      <variable units="millimolar_per_second" public_interface="out" name="i_trans"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_rel"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_up"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_trans</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <cn cellml:units="per_second">50</cn>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>Ca_up</ci>
                  <ci>Ca_rel</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="calcium_release">
      <variable units="millimolar_per_second" public_interface="out" name="i_rel"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="VoltDep"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="RegBindSite"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="CaiReg"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="CadsReg"/>
      <variable units="per_second" name="ActRate"/>
      <variable units="per_second" name="InactRate"/>
      <variable units="per_second" name="K_leak_rate" initial_value="0.05"/>
      <variable units="per_second" name="K_m_rel" initial_value="250"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" name="K_m_Ca_cyt" initial_value="0.0005"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" name="K_m_Ca_ds" initial_value="0.01"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="PrecFrac"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="ActFrac" initial_value="0.0042614"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="ProdFrac" initial_value="0.4068154"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="SpeedRel"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_i"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_ds"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_rel"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>VoltDep</ci>
            <apply>
               <exp/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <cn cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.08</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <ci>V</ci>
                     <cn cellml:units="millivolt">40</cn>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>CaiReg</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <ci>Ca_i</ci>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <ci>Ca_i</ci>
                  <ci>K_m_Ca_cyt</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>CadsReg</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <ci>Ca_ds</ci>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <ci>Ca_ds</ci>
                  <ci>K_m_Ca_ds</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>RegBindSite</ci>
            <apply>
               <plus/>
               <ci>CaiReg</ci>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <ci>CaiReg</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>CadsReg</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>ActRate</ci>
            <apply>
               <plus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <cn cellml:units="per_second">0</cn>
                  <ci>VoltDep</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <cn cellml:units="per_second">500</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <power/>
                     <ci>RegBindSite</ci>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>InactRate</ci>
            <apply>
               <plus/>
               <cn cellml:units="per_second">60</cn>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <cn cellml:units="per_second">500</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <power/>
                     <ci>RegBindSite</ci>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>SpeedRel</ci>
            <piecewise>
               <piece>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">5</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <lt/>
                     <ci>V</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </piece>
               <otherwise>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
               </otherwise>
            </piecewise>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>PrecFrac</ci>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <ci>ActFrac</ci>
               </apply>
               <ci>ProdFrac</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>ActFrac</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>PrecFrac</ci>
                  <ci>SpeedRel</ci>
                  <ci>ActRate</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>ActFrac</ci>
                  <ci>SpeedRel</ci>
                  <ci>InactRate</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>ProdFrac</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>ActFrac</ci>
                  <ci>SpeedRel</ci>
                  <ci>InactRate</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>SpeedRel</ci>
                  <cn cellml:units="per_second">1</cn>
                  <ci>ProdFrac</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_rel</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <apply>
                        <power/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <ci>ActFrac</ci>
                           <apply>
                              <plus/>
                              <ci>ActFrac</ci>
                              <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.25</cn>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                     </apply>
                     <ci>K_m_rel</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>K_leak_rate</ci>
               </apply>
               <ci>Ca_rel</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="extracellular_sodium_concentration">
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Na_o" initial_value="140"/>
   </component>
   <component name="intracellular_sodium_concentration">
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Na_i" initial_value="7.3321223"/>
      <variable units="micrometre3" public_interface="in" name="V_i"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Na"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_b_Na"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_p_Na"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca_L_Na_cyt"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca_L_Na_ds"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_NaK"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_NaCa_cyt"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>Na_i</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="mA_nA">1</cn>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <cn cellml:units="litre_micrometre3">1</cn>
                     <ci>V_i</ci>
                     <ci>F</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <ci>i_Na</ci>
                  <ci>i_p_Na</ci>
                  <ci>i_b_Na</ci>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
                     <ci>i_NaK</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
                     <ci>i_NaCa_cyt</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>i_Ca_L_Na_cyt</ci>
                  <ci>i_Ca_L_Na_ds</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="extracellular_calcium_concentration">
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Ca_o" initial_value="2"/>
   </component>
   <component name="extracellular_potassium_concentration">
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="K_o" initial_value="4"/>
   </component>
   <component name="intracellular_potassium_concentration">
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="K_i" initial_value="136.5644281"/>
      <variable units="micrometre3" public_interface="in" name="V_i"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_K1"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Kr"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ks"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca_L_K_cyt"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca_L_K_ds"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_to"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_NaK"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>K_i</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="mA_nA">1</cn>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <cn cellml:units="litre_micrometre3">1</cn>
                     <ci>V_i</ci>
                     <ci>F</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <plus/>
                     <ci>i_K1</ci>
                     <ci>i_Kr</ci>
                     <ci>i_Ks</ci>
                     <ci>i_Ca_L_K_cyt</ci>
                     <ci>i_Ca_L_K_ds</ci>
                     <ci>i_to</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                     <ci>i_NaK</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="intracellular_calcium_concentration">
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Ca_i" initial_value="1.4e-5"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Ca_ds" initial_value="1.88e-5"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Ca_up" initial_value="0.4531889"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Ca_rel" initial_value="0.4481927"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" name="Ca_Calmod" initial_value="0.0005555"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" name="Ca_Trop" initial_value="0.0003542"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" name="Calmod" initial_value="0.02"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" name="Trop" initial_value="0.05"/>
      <variable units="per_millimolar_second" name="alpha_Calmod" initial_value="100000"/>
      <variable units="per_second" name="beta_Calmod" initial_value="50"/>
      <variable units="per_millimolar_second" name="alpha_Trop" initial_value="100000"/>
      <variable units="per_second" name="beta_Trop" initial_value="200"/>
      <variable units="micrometre" name="radius" initial_value="0.012"/>
      <variable units="micrometre" name="length" initial_value="0.074"/>
      <variable units="micrometre3" public_interface="out" name="V_i"/>
      <variable units="micrometre3" name="V_Cell"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="V_i_ratio"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="V_ds_ratio" initial_value="0.1"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="V_rel_ratio" initial_value="0.1"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="V_e_ratio" initial_value="0.4"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="V_up_ratio" initial_value="0.01"/>
      <variable units="per_second" name="Kdecay" initial_value="10"/>
      <variable units="millimolar_per_second" public_interface="in" name="i_up"/>
      <variable units="millimolar_per_second" public_interface="in" name="i_trans"/>
      <variable units="millimolar_per_second" public_interface="in" name="i_rel"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_NaCa_cyt"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_NaCa_ds"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca_L_Ca_cyt"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca_L_Ca_ds"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_b_Ca"/>
      <variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>V_Cell</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">3.141592654</cn>
               <apply>
                  <power/>
                  <ci>radius</ci>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
               </apply>
               <ci>length</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>V_i_ratio</ci>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <ci>V_e_ratio</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>V_up_ratio</ci>
               </apply>
               <ci>V_rel_ratio</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>V_i</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>V_Cell</ci>
               <ci>V_i_ratio</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>Ca_i</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <apply>
                           <times/>
                           <apply>
                              <divide/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <cn cellml:units="mA_nA">1</cn>
                              </apply>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                 <cn cellml:units="litre_micrometre3">1</cn>
                                 <ci>V_i</ci>
                                 <ci>F</ci>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <minus/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <plus/>
                                    <ci>i_Ca_L_Ca_cyt</ci>
                                    <ci>i_b_Ca</ci>
                                 </apply>
                                 <apply>
                                    <times/>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                    <ci>i_NaCa_cyt</ci>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                 <ci>i_NaCa_ds</ci>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <times/>
                           <ci>Ca_ds</ci>
                           <ci>V_ds_ratio</ci>
                           <ci>Kdecay</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>i_rel</ci>
                              <ci>V_rel_ratio</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <ci>V_i_ratio</ci>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <diff/>
                        <bvar>
                           <ci>time</ci>
                        </bvar>
                        <ci>Ca_Calmod</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <diff/>
                     <bvar>
                        <ci>time</ci>
                     </bvar>
                     <ci>Ca_Trop</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <ci>i_up</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>Ca_ds</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="mA_nA">1</cn>
                     </apply>
                     <ci>i_Ca_L_Ca_ds</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                     <cn cellml:units="litre_micrometre3">1</cn>
                     <ci>V_ds_ratio</ci>
                     <ci>V_i</ci>
                     <ci>F</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>Ca_ds</ci>
                  <ci>Kdecay</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>Ca_up</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <ci>V_i_ratio</ci>
                     <ci>V_up_ratio</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>i_up</ci>
               </apply>
               <ci>i_trans</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>Ca_rel</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <ci>V_up_ratio</ci>
                     <ci>V_rel_ratio</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>i_trans</ci>
               </apply>
               <ci>i_rel</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>Ca_Calmod</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>alpha_Calmod</ci>
                  <ci>Ca_i</ci>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <ci>Calmod</ci>
                     <ci>Ca_Calmod</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>beta_Calmod</ci>
                  <ci>Ca_Calmod</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>Ca_Trop</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>alpha_Trop</ci>
                  <ci>Ca_i</ci>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <ci>Trop</ci>
                     <ci>Ca_Trop</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>beta_Trop</ci>
                  <ci>Ca_Trop</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <group>
      <relationship_ref relationship="containment"/>
      <component_ref component="membrane">
         <component_ref component="fast_sodium_current">
            <component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_m_gate"/>
            <component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_h_gate"/>
         </component_ref>
         <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel">
            <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_d_gate"/>
            <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_f_gate"/>
            <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_f2_gate"/>
            <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_f2ds_gate"/>
         </component_ref>
         <component_ref component="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
            <component_ref component="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_xr1_gate"/>
            <component_ref component="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_xr2_gate"/>
         </component_ref>
         <component_ref component="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
            <component_ref component="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_xs_gate"/>
         </component_ref>
         <component_ref component="time_independent_potassium_current"/>
         <component_ref component="persistent_sodium_current"/>
         <component_ref component="sodium_background_current"/>
         <component_ref component="calcium_background_current"/>
         <component_ref component="transient_outward_current">
            <component_ref component="transient_outward_current_s_gate"/>
            <component_ref component="transient_outward_current_r_gate"/>
         </component_ref>
         <component_ref component="sodium_potassium_pump"/>
         <component_ref component="sodium_calcium_exchanger"/>
         <component_ref component="sarcoplasmic_reticulum_calcium_pump"/>
         <component_ref component="calcium_translocation"/>
         <component_ref component="calcium_release"/>
         <component_ref component="extracellular_sodium_concentration"/>
         <component_ref component="intracellular_sodium_concentration"/>
         <component_ref component="extracellular_potassium_concentration"/>
         <component_ref component="intracellular_potassium_concentration"/>
         <component_ref component="extracellular_calcium_concentration"/>
         <component_ref component="intracellular_calcium_concentration"/>
         <component_ref component="reversal_potentials"/>
      </component_ref>
   </group>
   <group>
      <relationship_ref relationship="encapsulation"/>
      <component_ref component="fast_sodium_current">
         <component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_m_gate"/>
         <component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_h_gate"/>
      </component_ref>
      <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel">
         <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_d_gate"/>
         <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_f_gate"/>
         <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_f2_gate"/>
         <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_f2ds_gate"/>
      </component_ref>
      <component_ref component="transient_outward_current">
         <component_ref component="transient_outward_current_s_gate"/>
         <component_ref component="transient_outward_current_r_gate"/>
      </component_ref>
      <component_ref component="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
         <component_ref component="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_xr1_gate"/>
         <component_ref component="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_xr2_gate"/>
      </component_ref>
      <component_ref component="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
         <component_ref component="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_xs_gate"/>
      </component_ref>
   </group>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="environment" component_1="membrane"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="environment" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="environment" component_1="fast_sodium_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="environment" component_1="L_type_Ca_channel"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="environment" component_1="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="environment" component_1="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="environment" component_1="time_independent_potassium_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="environment" component_1="persistent_sodium_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="environment" component_1="sodium_background_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="environment" component_1="calcium_background_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="environment" component_1="transient_outward_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="environment" component_1="sodium_potassium_pump"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="environment" component_1="sodium_calcium_exchanger"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="environment" component_1="intracellular_sodium_concentration"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="environment" component_1="intracellular_potassium_concentration"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="environment" component_1="intracellular_calcium_concentration"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="environment" component_1="sarcoplasmic_reticulum_calcium_pump"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="environment" component_1="calcium_translocation"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="environment" component_1="calcium_release"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="membrane" component_1="calcium_release"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="reversal_potentials" component_1="membrane"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="R" variable_1="R"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="T" variable_1="T"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="fast_sodium_current" component_1="membrane"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_Na" variable_1="i_Na"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="L_type_Ca_channel" component_1="membrane"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_Ca_L_Ca_cyt" variable_1="i_Ca_L_Ca_cyt"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_Ca_L_Ca_ds" variable_1="i_Ca_L_Ca_ds"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_Ca_L_Na_cyt" variable_1="i_Ca_L_Na_cyt"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_Ca_L_Na_ds" variable_1="i_Ca_L_Na_ds"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_Ca_L_K_cyt" variable_1="i_Ca_L_K_cyt"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_Ca_L_K_ds" variable_1="i_Ca_L_K_ds"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="R" variable_1="R"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="T" variable_1="T"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current" component_1="membrane"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_Kr" variable_1="i_Kr"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current" component_1="membrane"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_Ks" variable_1="i_Ks"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="transient_outward_current" component_1="membrane"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_to" variable_1="i_to"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="time_independent_potassium_current" component_1="membrane"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_K1" variable_1="i_K1"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="R" variable_1="R"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="T" variable_1="T"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="persistent_sodium_current" component_1="membrane"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_p_Na" variable_1="i_p_Na"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="sodium_background_current" component_1="membrane"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_b_Na" variable_1="i_b_Na"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="calcium_background_current" component_1="membrane"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_b_Ca" variable_1="i_b_Ca"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="sodium_potassium_pump" component_1="membrane"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_NaK" variable_1="i_NaK"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="sodium_calcium_exchanger" component_1="membrane"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_NaCa_cyt" variable_1="i_NaCa_cyt"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_NaCa_ds" variable_1="i_NaCa_ds"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="R" variable_1="R"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="T" variable_1="T"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="intracellular_sodium_concentration" component_1="membrane"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="intracellular_potassium_concentration" component_1="membrane"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="intracellular_calcium_concentration" component_1="membrane"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="sodium_background_current" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="E_Na" variable_1="E_Na"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="persistent_sodium_current" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="E_Na" variable_1="E_Na"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="time_independent_potassium_current" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="E_K" variable_1="E_K"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="E_K" variable_1="E_K"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="E_Ks" variable_1="E_Ks"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="transient_outward_current" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="E_K" variable_1="E_K"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="calcium_background_current" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="E_Ca" variable_1="E_Ca"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="fast_sodium_current" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="E_mh" variable_1="E_mh"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="extracellular_potassium_concentration" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="K_o" variable_1="K_o"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="extracellular_sodium_concentration" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="Na_o" variable_1="Na_o"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="intracellular_potassium_concentration" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="K_i" variable_1="K_i"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="intracellular_sodium_concentration" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="Na_i" variable_1="Na_i"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="extracellular_calcium_concentration" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="Ca_o" variable_1="Ca_o"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="intracellular_calcium_concentration" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="Ca_i" variable_1="Ca_i"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="extracellular_potassium_concentration" component_1="time_independent_potassium_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="K_o" variable_1="K_o"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="intracellular_potassium_concentration" component_1="time_independent_potassium_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_K1" variable_1="i_K1"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="intracellular_potassium_concentration" component_1="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_Kr" variable_1="i_Kr"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="intracellular_potassium_concentration" component_1="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_Ks" variable_1="i_Ks"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="intracellular_sodium_concentration" component_1="fast_sodium_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_Na" variable_1="i_Na"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="intracellular_sodium_concentration" component_1="sodium_background_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_b_Na" variable_1="i_b_Na"/>
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    <dcterms:W3CDTF>2007-12-04T15:09:12+13:00</dcterms:W3CDTF>
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    <dcterms:W3CDTF>2007-02-06T14:05:00+13:00</dcterms:W3CDTF>
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    <dcterms:W3CDTF>2007-09-06T12:57:25+12:00</dcterms:W3CDTF>
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  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#ec81c706-c141-4feb-8728-2546e6f7f2a9">
    <dcterms:W3CDTF>2007-05-03T00:00:00+00:00</dcterms:W3CDTF>
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    <vCard:Orgname>University of Oxford</vCard:Orgname>
    <vCard:Orgunit>Department of Physiology, Anatomy &amp; Genetics</vCard:Orgunit>
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    <dcterms:modified rdf:resource="rdf:#73e8cb09-79e5-4e06-8a04-d3c6d729e97a"/>
    <rdf:value>This model has been curated by Penny Noble of Oxford University</rdf:value>
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  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#43ec98ab-b2e3-40f2-aafb-b85094aa58de">
    <dcterms:W3CDTF>2007-07-18T12:58:29+12:00</dcterms:W3CDTF>
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    <vCard:Given>Penny</vCard:Given>
    <vCard:Family>Noble</vCard:Family>
    <vCard:Other>J</vCard:Other>
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  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#26198fe0-e75c-4709-ba03-e46cde070f3e">
    <dcterms:W3CDTF>2008-05-14T03:12:08+12:00</dcterms:W3CDTF>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#f9b4bc65-984b-4cc0-beb4-ab0fc9e3e3b9">
    <vCard:Given>James</vCard:Given>
    <vCard:Family>Lawson</vCard:Family>
    <vCard:Other>Richard</vCard:Other>
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    <dcterms:modified rdf:resource="rdf:#26198fe0-e75c-4709-ba03-e46cde070f3e"/>
    <rdf:value>Note that the missing i_NCX_ds component was added to the dCai/dt rather than the dCads/dt equation in order to achieve balance in the model. </rdf:value>
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    <bqs:Pubmed_id>9487284</bqs:Pubmed_id>
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    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#Person"/>
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    <vCard:Given>P</vCard:Given>
    <vCard:Family>Noble</vCard:Family>
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    <ns7:nonstandard-pointDensity>50000</ns7:nonstandard-pointDensity>
    <ns7:maximumStepSize>0.001</ns7:maximumStepSize>
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  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#c0783058-153a-4a53-8b04-237c08c9aa74">
    <dc:title>Canadian Journal of Cardiology</dc:title>
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    <ns7:nonstandard-pointDensity>100000</ns7:nonstandard-pointDensity>
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    <ns7:nonstandard-algorithm>bdf15</ns7:nonstandard-algorithm>
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    <vCard:Given>P</vCard:Given>
    <vCard:Family>Kohl</vCard:Family>
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    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://imc.org/vCard/3.0#internet"/>
    <rdf:value>penny.noble@dpag.ox.ac.uk</rdf:value>
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