- Author:
- pmr2.import <nobody@models.cellml.org>
- Date:
- 2006-07-09 07:57:52+12:00
- Desc:
- committing version01 of nygren_fiset_firek_clark_lindblad_clark_giles_1998
- Permanent Source URI:
- https://staging.physiomeproject.org/workspace/nygren_fiset_firek_clark_lindblad_clark_giles_1998/rawfile/acc0d69d82e6dc534bb355666ba1987b4f5f75cc/nygren_fiset_firek_clark_lindblad_clark_giles_1998.cellml
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!-- FILE : nygren_atrial_model_1998.xml
CREATED : 26th March 2002
LAST MODIFIED : 12th August 2003
AUTHOR : Catherine Lloyd
The Bioengineering Institute
The University of Auckland
MODEL STATUS : This model conforms to the CellML 1.0 Specification released on
10th August 2001, and the CellML Metadata 1.0 Specification released on 16th
January, 2002.
DESCRIPTION : This file contains a CellML description of the Nygren et al 1998 mathematical model of an adult human atrial cell.
CHANGES:
06/05/2002 - CML - Added some initial values.
17/06/2002 - AAC - Changed a couple of equation names.
18/07/2002 - CML - Added more metadata.
09/04/2003 - AAC - Added publication date information.
05/06/2003 - CML - Corrected E_Ca_calculation equation in background_currents
component.
12/08/2003 - CML - Corrected equations.
--><model xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" xmlns:cmeta="http://www.cellml.org/metadata/1.0#" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:bqs="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#" xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" cmeta:id="nygren_fiset_firek_clark_lindblad_clark_giles_1998_version01" name="nygren_fiset_firek_clark_lindblad_clark_giles_1998_version01">
<documentation xmlns="http://cellml.org/tmp-documentation">
<article>
<articleinfo>
<title>Mathematical Model Of An Adult Human Atrial Cell, 1998</title>
<author>
<firstname>Catherine</firstname>
<surname>Lloyd</surname>
<affiliation>
<shortaffil>Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland</shortaffil>
</affiliation>
</author>
</articleinfo>
<section id="sec_status">
<title>Model Status</title>
<para>
This is the original unchecked version of the model imported from the previous
CellML model repository, 24-Jan-2006.
</para>
</section>
<sect1 id="sec_structure">
<title>Model Structure</title>
<para>
Over the past decade, extensive voltage-clamp and action potential data from human atrial myocytes have been published from a number of laboratories. Based on these experimental data, A. Nygren, C. Fiset, L. Firek, J.W. Clark, D.S. Lindblad, R.B. Clark and W.R. Giles have published a mathematical model of the electrophysiological responses of a representative human atrial cell. Their model is sufficiently accurate to have predictive capabilities for selected aspects of the electrophysiological responses in the human atrium. Emphasis has been placed on the functional roles of the K<superscript>+</superscript> currents during repolarisation.
</para>
<para>
The mathematical model is based on the classical formulation of Hodgkin and Huxley (see <ulink url="${HTML_EXMPL_HHSA_INTRO}">The Hodgkin-Huxley Squid Axon Model, 1952</ulink>). Ionic currents through the sarcolemma are coupled with a fluid compartment model (see <xref linkend="fig_fluid_compartment_model"/> below), which accounts for changes in ionic concentrations in the cytoplasm and sarcoplasmic reticulum.
</para>
<para>
The complete original paper reference is cited below:
</para>
<para>
<ulink url="http://circres.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/82/1/63">Mathematical Model of an Adult Human Atrial Cell: The Role of K<superscript>+</superscript> Currents in Repolarization,</ulink> A Nygren, C. Fiset, L. Firek, J.W. Clark, D.S. Lindblad, R.B. Clark and W.R. Giles, 1998, <ulink url="http://circres.ahajournals.org/">
<emphasis>Circulation Research</emphasis>
</ulink>, 82, 63-81. (<ulink url="http://circres.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/full/82/1/63">Full text</ulink> and <ulink url="http://circres.ahajournals.org/cgi/reprint/82/1/63.pdf">PDF</ulink> versions of the article are available for Journal Members on the Circulation Research website.) <ulink url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9440706&dopt=Abstract">PubMed ID: 9440706</ulink>
</para>
<para>
The raw CellML description of the Nygren <emphasis>et al</emphasis> 1998 mathematical model of an adult human atrial cell can be downloaded in various formats as described in <xref linkend="sec_download_this_model"/>.
</para>
<informalfigure float="0" id="fig_fluid_compartment_model">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<objectinfo>
<title>fluid compartment model of a human atrial cell</title>
</objectinfo>
<imagedata fileref="nygren_1998.png"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
<caption>A fluid compartment model of the human atrial cell, including intracellular, cleft and extracellular spaces.</caption>
</informalfigure>
</sect1>
</article>
</documentation>
<!--
Below, we define some additional units for association with variables and
constants within the model. The identifiers are fairly self-explanatory.
-->
<units name="per_second">
<unit units="second" exponent="-1"/>
</units>
<units name="millivolt">
<unit units="volt" prefix="milli"/>
</units>
<units name="millimolar">
<unit units="mole" prefix="milli"/>
<unit units="litre" exponent="-1"/>
</units>
<units name="millimolar_4">
<unit units="millimolar" exponent="-4"/>
</units>
<units name="picoA_millimolar_4">
<unit units="ampere" prefix="pico"/>
<unit units="millimolar" exponent="-4"/>
</units>
<units name="picoA">
<unit units="ampere" prefix="pico"/>
</units>
<units name="microS">
<unit units="siemens" prefix="micro"/>
</units>
<units name="nanoS">
<unit units="siemens" prefix="nano"/>
</units>
<units name="nanoF">
<unit units="farad" prefix="nano"/>
</units>
<units name="nanolitre">
<unit units="litre" prefix="nano"/>
</units>
<units name="nanolitre_per_second">
<unit units="litre" prefix="nano"/>
<unit units="second" exponent="-1"/>
</units>
<units name="millijoule_per_mole_kelvin">
<unit units="joule" prefix="milli"/>
<unit units="mole" exponent="-1"/>
<unit units="kelvin" exponent="-1"/>
</units>
<units name="coulomb_per_mole">
<unit units="coulomb"/>
<unit units="mole" exponent="-1"/>
</units>
<!--
The "environment" component is used to declare variables that are used by
all or most of the other components, in this case just "time".
-->
<component name="environment">
<variable units="second" public_interface="out" name="time"/>
</component>
<component name="membrane">
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="out" name="V" initial_value="-74.2525"/>
<variable units="millijoule_per_mole_kelvin" public_interface="out" name="R" initial_value="8314.0"/>
<variable units="kelvin" public_interface="out" name="T" initial_value="306.15"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="out" name="F" initial_value="96487.0"/>
<variable units="nanoF" name="Cm" initial_value="0.05"/>
<variable units="picoA" name="i_stim" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Na"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca_L"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="in" name="i_t"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="in" name="i_sus"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="in" name="i_K1"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Kr"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ks"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="in" name="i_B_Na"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="in" name="i_B_Ca"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="in" name="i_NaK"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="in" name="i_CaP"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="in" name="i_NaCa"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="membrane_voltage_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> i_Na </ci>
<ci> i_Ca_L </ci>
<ci> i_t </ci>
<ci> i_sus </ci>
<ci> i_K1 </ci>
<ci> i_Kr </ci>
<ci> i_Ks </ci>
<ci> i_B_Na </ci>
<ci> i_B_Ca </ci>
<ci> i_NaK </ci>
<ci> i_CaP </ci>
<ci> i_NaCa </ci>
</apply>
<ci> i_stim </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> Cm </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="sodium_current">
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="out" name="i_Na"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="out" name="E_Na"/>
<variable units="nanolitre_per_second" name="P_Na" initial_value="0.0000016"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="V"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Na_c"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Na_i"/>
<variable units="millijoule_per_mole_kelvin" public_interface="in" name="R"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<variable units="kelvin" public_interface="in" name="T"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="m"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="h1"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="h2"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_Na_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_Na </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> P_Na </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> m </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.9 </cn>
<ci> h1 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.1 </cn>
<ci> h2 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> Na_c </ci>
<ci> V </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> F </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_Na </ci>
</apply>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="E_Na_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> E_Na </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<ln/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Na_c </ci>
<ci> Na_i </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="sodium_current_m_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="m" initial_value="0.0032017"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="m_infinity"/>
<variable units="second" name="tau_m"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="m_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> m </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> m_infinity </ci>
<ci> m </ci>
</apply>
<ci> tau_m </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="m_infinity_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> m_infinity </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 27.12 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> -8.21 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="tau_m_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> tau_m </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="second"> 0.000042 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 25.57 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 28.8 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="second"> 0.000024 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="sodium_current_h1_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="h1" initial_value="0.8814"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="h_infinity"/>
<variable units="second" name="tau_h1"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="h1_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> h1 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> h_infinity </ci>
<ci> h1 </ci>
</apply>
<ci> tau_h1 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="h_infinity_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> h_infinity </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 63.6 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 5.3 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="tau_h1_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> tau_h1 </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="second"> 0.03 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 35.1 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 3.2 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="second"> 0.0003 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="sodium_current_h2_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="h2" initial_value="0.8742"/>
<variable units="second" name="tau_h2"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" name="h_infinity"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="h2_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> h2 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> h_infinity </ci>
<ci> h2 </ci>
</apply>
<ci> tau_h2 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="tau_h2_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> tau_h2 </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="second"> 0.12 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 35.1 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 3.2 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="second"> 0.003 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="L_type_Ca_channel">
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="out" name="i_Ca_L"/>
<variable units="microS" name="g_Ca_L" initial_value="0.003"/>
<variable units="millivolt" name="E_Ca_app" initial_value="60.0"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="f_Ca"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="k_Ca" initial_value="0.25"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="V"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_d"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="d_L"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="f_L1"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="f_L2"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_Ca_L_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_Ca_L </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_Ca_L </ci>
<ci> d_L </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> f_Ca </ci>
<ci> f_L1 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
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<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> f_Ca </ci>
</apply>
<ci> f_L2 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_Ca_app </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="f_Ca_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> f_Ca </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Ca_d </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> Ca_d </ci>
<ci> k_Ca </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="L_type_Ca_channel_d_L_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="d_L" initial_value="0.000013005"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="d_L_infinity"/>
<variable units="second" name="tau_d_L"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="d_L_diff_eq">
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<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> d_L </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> d_L_infinity </ci>
<ci> d_L </ci>
</apply>
<ci> tau_d_L </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="d_L_infinity_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> d_L_infinity </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 9.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> -5.8 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="tau_d_L_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> tau_d_L </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="second"> 0.0027 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 35.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 30.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="second"> 0.002 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="L_type_Ca_channel_f_L1_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="f_L1" initial_value="0.9986"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="f_L_infinity"/>
<variable units="second" name="tau_f_L1"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="f_L1_diff_eq">
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<apply>
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<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> f_L1 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> f_L_infinity </ci>
<ci> f_L1 </ci>
</apply>
<ci> tau_f_L1 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="f_L_infinity_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> f_L_infinity </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
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<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 27.4 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 7.1 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="tau_f_L1_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> tau_f_L1 </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
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<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 40.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 14.4 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="second"> 0.010 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="L_type_Ca_channel_f_L2_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="f_L2" initial_value="0.9986"/>
<variable units="second" name="tau_f_L2"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" name="f_L_infinity"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="f_L2_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> f_L2 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> f_L_infinity </ci>
<ci> f_L2 </ci>
</apply>
<ci> tau_f_L2 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="tau_f_L2_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> tau_f_L2 </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="second"> 1.3323 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 40.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 14.2 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="second"> 0.0626 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="Ca_independent_transient_outward_K_current">
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="out" name="i_t"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="out" name="E_K"/>
<variable units="nanoS" name="g_t" initial_value="7.5"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="V"/>
<variable units="millijoule_per_mole_kelvin" public_interface="in" name="R"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<variable units="kelvin" public_interface="in" name="T"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="K_c"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="K_i"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="r"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="s"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_t_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_t </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_t </ci>
<ci> r </ci>
<ci> s </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_K </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="E_K_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> E_K </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<ln/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> K_c </ci>
<ci> K_i </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="Ca_independent_transient_outward_K_current_r_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="r" initial_value="0.0010678"/>
<variable units="second" name="tau_r"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="r_infinity"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="r_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> r </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> r_infinity </ci>
<ci> r </ci>
</apply>
<ci> tau_r </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="r_infinity_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> r_infinity </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 1.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> -11.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="tau_r_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> tau_r </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="second"> 0.0035 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 30.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="second"> 0.0015 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="Ca_independent_transient_outward_K_current_s_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="s" initial_value="0.9490"/>
<variable units="second" name="tau_s"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="s_infinity"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="s_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> s </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> s_infinity </ci>
<ci> s </ci>
</apply>
<ci> tau_s </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="s_infinity_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> s_infinity </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 40.5 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 11.5 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="tau_s_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> tau_s </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="second"> 0.4812 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 52.45 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 14.97 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="second"> 0.01414 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="sustained_outward_K_current">
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="out" name="i_sus"/>
<variable units="nanoS" name="g_sus" initial_value="2.75"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="V"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_K"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="r_sus"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="s_sus"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_sus_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_sus </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_sus </ci>
<ci> r_sus </ci>
<ci> s_sus </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_K </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="sustained_outward_K_current_r_sus_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="r_sus" initial_value="0.00015949"/>
<variable units="second" name="tau_r_sus"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="r_sus_infinity"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="r_sus_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> r_sus </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> r_sus_infinity </ci>
<ci> r_sus </ci>
</apply>
<ci> tau_r_sus </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="r_sus_infinity_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> r_sus_infinity </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 4.3 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> -8.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="tau_r_sus_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> tau_r_sus </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="second"> 0.009 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 5.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 12.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="second"> 0.0005 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="sustained_outward_K_current_s_sus_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="s_sus" initial_value="0.9912"/>
<variable units="second" name="tau_s_sus"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="s_sus_infinity"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="s_sus_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> s_sus </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> s_sus_infinity </ci>
<ci> s_sus </ci>
</apply>
<ci> tau_s_sus </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="s_sus_infinity_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> s_sus_infinity </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="second"> 0.4 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 20.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 10.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="second"> 0.6 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="tau_s_sus_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> tau_s_sus </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="second"> 0.047 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 60.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 10.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="second"> 0.3 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="delayed_rectifier_K_currents">
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="out" name="i_Ks"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="out" name="i_Kr"/>
<variable units="nanoS" name="g_Ks" initial_value="1.0"/>
<variable units="nanoS" name="g_Kr" initial_value="0.5"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="V"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_K"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="n"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="pa"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="pi"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_Ks_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_Ks </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_Ks </ci>
<ci> n </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_K </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="i_Kr_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_Kr </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_Kr </ci>
<ci> pa </ci>
<ci> pi </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_K </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="delayed_rectifier_K_currents_n_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="n" initial_value="0.0048357"/>
<variable units="second" name="tau_n"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="n_infinity"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="n_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> n </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> n_infinity </ci>
<ci> n </ci>
</apply>
<ci> tau_n </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="n_infinity_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> n_infinity </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 19.9 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> -12.7 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="tau_n_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> tau_n </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="second"> 0.7 </cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="second"> 0.4 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 20.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 20.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="delayed_rectifier_K_currents_pa_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="pa" initial_value="0.0001"/>
<variable units="second" name="tau_pa"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="pa_infinity"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="pa_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> pa </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> pa_infinity </ci>
<ci> pa </ci>
</apply>
<ci> tau_pa </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="pa_infinity_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> pa_infinity </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 15.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> -6.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="tau_pa_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> tau_pa </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="second"> 0.03118 </cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="second"> 0.21718 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 20.1376 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 22.1996 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="delayed_rectifier_K_currents_pi_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="pi"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="pi_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> pi </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 55.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 24.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="inward_rectifier">
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="out" name="i_K1"/>
<variable units="nanoS" name="g_K1" initial_value="3.0"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="millijoule_per_mole_kelvin" public_interface="in" name="R"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<variable units="kelvin" public_interface="in" name="T"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="K_c"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_K"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_K1_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_K1 </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_K1 </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> K_c </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.4457 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_K </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.5 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> E_K </ci>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 3.6 </cn>
</apply>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="background_currents">
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="out" name="i_B_Na"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="out" name="i_B_Ca"/>
<variable units="nanoS" name="g_B_Na" initial_value="0.060599"/>
<variable units="nanoS" name="g_B_Ca" initial_value="0.078681"/>
<variable units="millivolt" name="E_Ca"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_Na"/>
<variable units="millijoule_per_mole_kelvin" public_interface="in" name="R"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<variable units="kelvin" public_interface="in" name="T"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_c"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_i"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_B_Na_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_B_Na </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_B_Na </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_Na </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="i_B_Ca_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_B_Ca </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_B_Ca </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_Ca </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="E_Ca_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> E_Ca </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<ln/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Ca_c </ci>
<ci> Ca_i </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="sodium_potassium_pump">
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="out" name="i_NaK"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="K_NaK_K" initial_value="1.0"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="K_NaK_Na" initial_value="11.0"/>
<variable units="picoA" name="i_NaK_max" initial_value="70.8253"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="K_c"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Na_i"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_NaK_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_NaK </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> i_NaK_max </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> K_c </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> K_c </ci>
<ci> K_NaK_K </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> Na_i </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.5 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> Na_i </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.5 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> K_NaK_Na </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.5 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 150.0 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 200.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="sarcolemmal_calcium_pump_current">
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="out" name="i_CaP"/>
<variable units="picoA" name="i_CaP_max" initial_value="4.0"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="K_CaP" initial_value="0.0002"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_i"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_CaP_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_CaP </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> i_CaP_max </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Ca_i </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> Ca_i </ci>
<ci> K_CaP </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="Na_Ca_ion_exchanger_current">
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="out" name="i_NaCa"/>
<variable units="picoA_millimolar_4" name="K_NaCa" initial_value="0.0374842"/>
<variable units="millimolar_4" name="d_NaCa" initial_value="0.0003"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="gamma" initial_value="0.45"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Na_i"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Na_c"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_i"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_c"/>
<variable units="millijoule_per_mole_kelvin" public_interface="in" name="R"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<variable units="kelvin" public_interface="in" name="T"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_NaCa_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_NaCa </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> K_NaCa </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> Na_i </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
<ci> Ca_c </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F </ci>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> gamma </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> Na_c </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
<ci> Ca_i </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> gamma </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
</apply>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> d_NaCa </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Ca_i </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> Na_c </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Ca_c </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> Na_i </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="intracellular_ion_concentrations">
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Na_i" initial_value="8.5547"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Ca_i" initial_value="0.000067290"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="K_i" initial_value="129.4350"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Ca_d" initial_value="0.000072495"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="out" name="phi_Na_en" initial_value="-1.68"/>
<variable units="nanolitre" name="Vol_i" initial_value="0.005884"/>
<variable units="nanolitre" name="Vol_d" initial_value="0.00001176"/>
<variable units="picoA" name="i_di"/>
<variable units="second" name="tau_di" initial_value="0.010"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="O" initial_value="1.3832"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="J_O"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Na"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca_L"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="in" name="i_B_Na"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="in" name="i_NaCa"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="in" name="i_NaK"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ks"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Kr"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="in" name="i_K1"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="in" name="i_t"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="in" name="i_sus"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="in" name="i_CaP"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="in" name="i_B_Ca"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="in" name="i_up"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="in" name="i_rel"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" name="J_O_C"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" name="J_O_TC"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" name="J_O_TMgC"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="Nai_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Na_i </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> i_Na </ci>
<ci> i_B_Na </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> i_NaCa </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> i_NaK </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
<ci> phi_Na_en </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Vol_i </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="K_i_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> K_i </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> i_t </ci>
<ci> i_sus </ci>
<ci> i_K1 </ci>
<ci> i_Ks </ci>
<ci> i_Kr </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> i_NaK </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Vol_i </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="O_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> O </ci>
</apply>
<ci> J_O </ci>
</apply>
<apply id="J_O_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> J_O </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.08 </cn>
<ci> J_O_TC </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.16 </cn>
<ci> J_O_TMgC </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.045 </cn>
<ci> J_O_C </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="Ca_i_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Ca_i </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> i_B_Ca </ci>
<ci> i_CaP </ci>
<ci> i_up </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> i_di </ci>
<ci> i_rel </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> i_NaCa </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> Vol_i </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> J_O </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="Ca_d_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Ca_d </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> i_Ca_L </ci>
<ci> i_di </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> Vol_d </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="i_di_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_di </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> Ca_d </ci>
<ci> Ca_i </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> Vol_d </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<ci> tau_di </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="intracellular_Ca_buffering">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="J_O_C"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="J_O_TC"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="J_O_TMgC"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="O_C" initial_value="0.0275"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="O_TC" initial_value="0.0133"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="O_TMgC" initial_value="0.1961"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="O_TMgMg" initial_value="0.7094"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="J_O_TMgMg"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="Mg_i" initial_value="2.5"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_i"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="J_O_C_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> J_O_C </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 200000.0 </cn>
<ci> Ca_i </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> O_C </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 476.0 </cn>
<ci> O_C </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="O_C_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> O_C </ci>
</apply>
<ci> J_O_C </ci>
</apply>
<apply id="J_O_TC_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> J_O_TC </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 78400.0 </cn>
<ci> Ca_i </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> O_TC </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 392.0 </cn>
<ci> O_TC </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="O_TC_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> O_TC </ci>
</apply>
<ci> J_O_TC </ci>
</apply>
<apply id="J_O_TMgC_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> J_O_TMgC </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 200000.0 </cn>
<ci> Ca_i </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> O_TMgC </ci>
<ci> O_TMgMg </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 6.6 </cn>
<ci> O_TMgC </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="O_TMgC_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> O_TMgC </ci>
</apply>
<ci> J_O_TMgC </ci>
</apply>
<apply id="J_O_TMgMg_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> J_O_TMgMg </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2000.0 </cn>
<ci> Mg_i </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> O_TMgC </ci>
<ci> O_TMgMg </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 666.0 </cn>
<ci> O_TMgMg </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="O_TMgMg_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> O_TMgMg </ci>
</apply>
<ci> J_O_TMgMg </ci>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="cleft_space_ion_concentrations">
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Na_c" initial_value="130.0110"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Ca_c" initial_value="1.8147"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="K_c" initial_value="5.3581"/>
<variable units="nanolitre" name="Vol_c" initial_value="0.0008002"/>
<variable units="second" name="tau_Na" initial_value="14.3"/>
<variable units="second" name="tau_K" initial_value="10.0"/>
<variable units="second" name="tau_Ca" initial_value="24.7"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="Na_b" initial_value="130.0"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="Ca_b" initial_value="1.8"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="K_b" initial_value="5.4"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Na"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca_L"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="in" name="i_B_Na"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="in" name="i_NaCa"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="in" name="i_NaK"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ks"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Kr"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="in" name="i_K1"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="in" name="i_t"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="in" name="i_sus"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="in" name="i_CaP"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="in" name="i_B_Ca"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="in" name="phi_Na_en"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="Na_c_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Na_c </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> Na_b </ci>
<ci> Na_c </ci>
</apply>
<ci> tau_Na </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> i_Na </ci>
<ci> i_B_Na </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> i_NaCa </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> i_NaK </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
<ci> phi_Na_en </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Vol_c </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="K_c_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> K_c </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> K_b </ci>
<ci> K_c </ci>
</apply>
<ci> tau_K </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> i_t </ci>
<ci> i_sus </ci>
<ci> i_K1 </ci>
<ci> i_Ks </ci>
<ci> i_Kr </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> i_NaK </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Vol_c </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="Ca_c_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Ca_c </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> Ca_b </ci>
<ci> Ca_c </ci>
</apply>
<ci> tau_Ca </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> i_Ca_L </ci>
<ci> i_B_Ca </ci>
<ci> i_CaP </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> i_NaCa </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> Vol_c </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="Ca_handling_by_the_SR">
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="out" name="i_rel"/>
<variable units="picoA" public_interface="out" name="i_up"/>
<variable units="picoA" name="i_tr"/>
<variable units="picoA" name="I_up_max" initial_value="2800.0"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="k_cyca" initial_value="0.0003"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="k_srca" initial_value="0.5"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="k_xcs" initial_value="0.4"/>
<variable units="picoA_millimolar_4" name="alpha_rel" initial_value="200000.0"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="Ca_rel" initial_value="0.6465"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="Ca_up" initial_value="0.6646"/>
<variable units="nanolitre" name="Vol_up" initial_value="0.0003969"/>
<variable units="nanolitre" name="Vol_rel" initial_value="0.0000441"/> <variable units="per_second" name="r_act" initial_value="203.8"/>
<variable units="per_second" name="r_inact" initial_value="33.96"/>
<variable units="per_second" name="r_recov" initial_value="0.815"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="O_Calse" initial_value="0.4369"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="F1" initial_value="0.4284"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="F2" initial_value="0.0028"/>
<variable units="second" name="tau_tr" initial_value="0.01"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="k_rel_i" initial_value="0.0003"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="k_rel_d" initial_value="0.003"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_i"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_d"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_up_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_up </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> I_up_max </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Ca_i </ci>
<ci> k_cyca </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> k_xcs </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
<ci> Ca_up </ci>
</apply>
<ci> k_srca </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> Ca_i </ci>
<ci> k_cyca </ci>
</apply>
<ci> k_cyca </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> k_xcs </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> Ca_up </ci>
<ci> k_srca </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> k_srca </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="i_tr_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_tr </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> Ca_up </ci>
<ci> Ca_rel </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> Vol_rel </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<ci> tau_tr </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="i_rel_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_rel </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alpha_rel </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> F2 </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> F2 </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.25 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> Ca_rel </ci>
<ci> Ca_i </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="O_Calse_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> O_Calse </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 480.0 </cn>
<ci> Ca_rel </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> O_Calse </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 400.0 </cn>
<ci> O_Calse </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="Ca_rel_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Ca_rel </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> i_tr </ci>
<ci> i_rel </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> Vol_rel </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 31.0 </cn>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> O_Calse </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="Ca_up_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Ca_up </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> i_up </ci>
<ci> i_tr </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> Vol_up </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="F1_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> F1 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> r_recov </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> F1 </ci>
<ci> F2 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> r_act </ci>
<ci> F1 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="F2_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> F2 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> r_act </ci>
<ci> F1 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> r_inact </ci>
<ci> F2 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="r_act_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> r_act </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 203.8 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Ca_i </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> Ca_i </ci>
<ci> k_rel_i </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Ca_d </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> Ca_d </ci>
<ci> k_rel_d </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="r_inact_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> r_inact </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 33.96 </cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 339.6 </cn>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Ca_i </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> Ca_i </ci>
<ci> k_rel_i </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<group>
<relationship_ref relationship="containment"/>
<component_ref component="membrane">
<component_ref component="sodium_current">
<component_ref component="sodium_current_m_gate"/>
<component_ref component="sodium_current_h1_gate"/>
<component_ref component="sodium_current_h2_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel">
<component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_d_L_gate"/>
<component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_f_L1_gate"/>
<component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_f_L2_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="Ca_independent_transient_outward_K_current">
<component_ref component="Ca_independent_transient_outward_K_current_r_gate"/>
<component_ref component="Ca_independent_transient_outward_K_current_s_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="sustained_outward_K_current">
<component_ref component="sustained_outward_K_current_r_sus_gate"/>
<component_ref component="sustained_outward_K_current_s_sus_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="delayed_rectifier_K_currents">
<component_ref component="delayed_rectifier_K_currents_n_gate"/>
<component_ref component="delayed_rectifier_K_currents_pa_gate"/>
<component_ref component="delayed_rectifier_K_currents_pi_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="inward_rectifier"/>
<component_ref component="background_currents"/>
<component_ref component="sodium_potassium_pump"/>
<component_ref component="sarcolemmal_calcium_pump_current"/>
<component_ref component="Na_Ca_ion_exchanger_current"/>
<component_ref component="Ca_handling_by_the_SR"/>
<component_ref component="intracellular_ion_concentrations"/>
<component_ref component="intracellular_Ca_buffering"/>
<component_ref component="cleft_space_ion_concentrations"/>
</component_ref>
</group>
<group>
<relationship_ref relationship="encapsulation"/>
<component_ref component="sodium_current">
<component_ref component="sodium_current_m_gate"/>
<component_ref component="sodium_current_h1_gate"/>
<component_ref component="sodium_current_h2_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel">
<component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_d_L_gate"/>
<component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_f_L1_gate"/>
<component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_f_L2_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="Ca_independent_transient_outward_K_current">
<component_ref component="Ca_independent_transient_outward_K_current_r_gate"/>
<component_ref component="Ca_independent_transient_outward_K_current_s_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="sustained_outward_K_current">
<component_ref component="sustained_outward_K_current_r_sus_gate"/>
<component_ref component="sustained_outward_K_current_s_sus_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="delayed_rectifier_K_currents">
<component_ref component="delayed_rectifier_K_currents_n_gate"/>
<component_ref component="delayed_rectifier_K_currents_pa_gate"/>
<component_ref component="delayed_rectifier_K_currents_pi_gate"/>
</component_ref>
</group>
<!--
"Time" is passed from the "environment" component into the
"membrane" and current components.
-->
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="sodium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="L_type_Ca_channel"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="Ca_independent_transient_outward_K_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="sustained_outward_K_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="delayed_rectifier_K_currents"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="inward_rectifier"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="background_currents"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="sodium_potassium_pump"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="sarcolemmal_calcium_pump_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="Na_Ca_ion_exchanger_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="Ca_handling_by_the_SR"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="intracellular_Ca_buffering"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="intracellular_ion_concentrations"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="cleft_space_ion_concentrations"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<!--
Several variables are passed between the "membrane" and its sub-components.
-->
<connection>
<map_components component_2="sodium_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="R" variable_1="R"/>
<map_variables variable_2="T" variable_1="T"/>
<map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Na" variable_1="i_Na"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="L_type_Ca_channel" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Ca_L" variable_1="i_Ca_L"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="Ca_independent_transient_outward_K_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_t" variable_1="i_t"/>
<map_variables variable_2="R" variable_1="R"/>
<map_variables variable_2="T" variable_1="T"/>
<map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="sustained_outward_K_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_sus" variable_1="i_sus"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="inward_rectifier" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_K1" variable_1="i_K1"/>
<map_variables variable_2="R" variable_1="R"/>
<map_variables variable_2="T" variable_1="T"/>
<map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="delayed_rectifier_K_currents" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Kr" variable_1="i_Kr"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Ks" variable_1="i_Ks"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="background_currents" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_B_Na" variable_1="i_B_Na"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_B_Ca" variable_1="i_B_Ca"/>
<map_variables variable_2="R" variable_1="R"/>
<map_variables variable_2="T" variable_1="T"/>
<map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="sodium_potassium_pump" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_NaK" variable_1="i_NaK"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="sarcolemmal_calcium_pump_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_CaP" variable_1="i_CaP"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="Na_Ca_ion_exchanger_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_NaCa" variable_1="i_NaCa"/>
<map_variables variable_2="R" variable_1="R"/>
<map_variables variable_2="T" variable_1="T"/>
<map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="intracellular_ion_concentrations" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="cleft_space_ion_concentrations" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="Ca_handling_by_the_SR" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
</connection>
<!-- Several variables are passed between the sibling components. -->
<connection>
<map_components component_2="intracellular_ion_concentrations" component_1="sodium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Na" variable_1="i_Na"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Na_i" variable_1="Na_i"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="background_currents" component_1="sodium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="E_Na" variable_1="E_Na"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="cleft_space_ion_concentrations" component_1="sodium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Na" variable_1="i_Na"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Na_c" variable_1="Na_c"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="intracellular_ion_concentrations" component_1="L_type_Ca_channel"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Ca_L" variable_1="i_Ca_L"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_d" variable_1="Ca_d"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="cleft_space_ion_concentrations" component_1="L_type_Ca_channel"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Ca_L" variable_1="i_Ca_L"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="intracellular_ion_concentrations" component_1="Ca_independent_transient_outward_K_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_t" variable_1="i_t"/>
<map_variables variable_2="K_i" variable_1="K_i"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="cleft_space_ion_concentrations" component_1="Ca_independent_transient_outward_K_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_t" variable_1="i_t"/>
<map_variables variable_2="K_c" variable_1="K_c"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="sustained_outward_K_current" component_1="Ca_independent_transient_outward_K_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="E_K" variable_1="E_K"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="inward_rectifier" component_1="Ca_independent_transient_outward_K_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="E_K" variable_1="E_K"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="delayed_rectifier_K_currents" component_1="Ca_independent_transient_outward_K_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="E_K" variable_1="E_K"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="intracellular_ion_concentrations" component_1="sustained_outward_K_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_sus" variable_1="i_sus"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="cleft_space_ion_concentrations" component_1="sustained_outward_K_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_sus" variable_1="i_sus"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="intracellular_ion_concentrations" component_1="delayed_rectifier_K_currents"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Kr" variable_1="i_Kr"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Ks" variable_1="i_Ks"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="cleft_space_ion_concentrations" component_1="delayed_rectifier_K_currents"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Kr" variable_1="i_Kr"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Ks" variable_1="i_Ks"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="intracellular_ion_concentrations" component_1="inward_rectifier"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_K1" variable_1="i_K1"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="cleft_space_ion_concentrations" component_1="inward_rectifier"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_K1" variable_1="i_K1"/>
<map_variables variable_2="K_c" variable_1="K_c"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="intracellular_ion_concentrations" component_1="background_currents"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_B_Na" variable_1="i_B_Na"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_B_Ca" variable_1="i_B_Ca"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_i" variable_1="Ca_i"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="cleft_space_ion_concentrations" component_1="background_currents"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_B_Na" variable_1="i_B_Na"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_B_Ca" variable_1="i_B_Ca"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_c" variable_1="Ca_c"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="intracellular_ion_concentrations" component_1="sodium_potassium_pump"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_NaK" variable_1="i_NaK"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Na_i" variable_1="Na_i"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="cleft_space_ion_concentrations" component_1="sodium_potassium_pump"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_NaK" variable_1="i_NaK"/>
<map_variables variable_2="K_c" variable_1="K_c"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="intracellular_ion_concentrations" component_1="sarcolemmal_calcium_pump_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_CaP" variable_1="i_CaP"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_i" variable_1="Ca_i"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="cleft_space_ion_concentrations" component_1="sarcolemmal_calcium_pump_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_CaP" variable_1="i_CaP"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="intracellular_ion_concentrations" component_1="Na_Ca_ion_exchanger_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_i" variable_1="Ca_i"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Na_i" variable_1="Na_i"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_NaCa" variable_1="i_NaCa"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="cleft_space_ion_concentrations" component_1="Na_Ca_ion_exchanger_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_c" variable_1="Ca_c"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Na_c" variable_1="Na_c"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_NaCa" variable_1="i_NaCa"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="intracellular_ion_concentrations" component_1="Ca_handling_by_the_SR"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_rel" variable_1="i_rel"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_up" variable_1="i_up"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_i" variable_1="Ca_i"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_d" variable_1="Ca_d"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="intracellular_ion_concentrations" component_1="cleft_space_ion_concentrations"/>
<map_variables variable_2="phi_Na_en" variable_1="phi_Na_en"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="intracellular_ion_concentrations" component_1="intracellular_Ca_buffering"/>
<map_variables variable_2="J_O_C" variable_1="J_O_C"/>
<map_variables variable_2="J_O_TC" variable_1="J_O_TC"/>
<map_variables variable_2="J_O_TMgC" variable_1="J_O_TMgC"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_i" variable_1="Ca_i"/>
</connection>
<!--
Various variables are passed between parent components and their
encapsulated gates.
-->
<connection>
<map_components component_2="sodium_current_m_gate" component_1="sodium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="m" variable_1="m"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="sodium_current_h1_gate" component_1="sodium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="h1" variable_1="h1"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="sodium_current_h2_gate" component_1="sodium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="h2" variable_1="h2"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="sodium_current_h2_gate" component_1="sodium_current_h1_gate"/>
<map_variables variable_2="h_infinity" variable_1="h_infinity"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="L_type_Ca_channel_d_L_gate" component_1="L_type_Ca_channel"/>
<map_variables variable_2="d_L" variable_1="d_L"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="L_type_Ca_channel_f_L1_gate" component_1="L_type_Ca_channel"/>
<map_variables variable_2="f_L1" variable_1="f_L1"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="L_type_Ca_channel_f_L2_gate" component_1="L_type_Ca_channel"/>
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Corrected E_Ca_calculation equation in background_currents component.
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Added some initial values from Penny Noble's documentation.
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The Nygren et al 1998 Mathematical Model of an Adult Atrial Cell.
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This is the CellML description of Nygren et al's mathematical model
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Corrected equations: i_K1 calculation in inward_rectifier component.
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Mathematical Model of an Adult Human Atrial Cell The Role of K+ Currents in Repolarisation
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Changed a couple of equation names.
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