- Author:
- Hanne <Hanne@hanne-nielsens-macbook.local>
- Date:
- 2010-02-17 11:45:03+13:00
- Desc:
- Reinserted metadata to CellML file a
- Permanent Source URI:
- https://staging.physiomeproject.org/workspace/yates_stark_klein_antia_callard_2007/rawfile/c7bb676219fbc51b1114e0b52a41f3fbc5dcabb3/yates_stark_klein_antia_callard_2007_b_copy.cellml.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!-- FILE : yates_model_2007.xml
CREATED : 10th December 2003
LAST MODIFIED : 10th December 2003
AUTHOR : Catherine Lloyd
Bioengineering Institute
The University of Auckland
MODEL STATUS : This model conforms to the CellML 1.1 Specification.
DESCRIPTION : This file contains a CellML description of Yates et al.'s 2007 mathematical model of the slow depletion of memory CD4+ T cells in HIV infection.
CHANGES:
--><model xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" xmlns:cmeta="http://www.cellml.org/metadata/1.0#" xml:base="file:///Users/Hanne/Desktop/repository%20models/yates_stark_klein_antia_callard_2007/yates_stark_klein_antia_callard_2007_b.cellml" cmeta:id="yates_model_2007" name="yates_stark_klein_antia_callard_model_2007_version01">
<documentation xmlns="http://cellml.org/tmp-documentation">
<article>
<articleinfo>
<title>Modelling the Slow Depletion of Memory CD4+ T Cells in HIV Infection</title>
<author>
<firstname>Catherine</firstname>
<surname>Lloyd</surname>
<affiliation>
<shortaffil>Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland</shortaffil>
</affiliation>
</author>
</articleinfo>
<section id="sec_status">
<title>Model Status</title>
<para>
This CellML version of the model has been checked in COR and PCEnv. The units are consistent and the original source code was used to fix the CellML model such that it now runs to recreate the published results. This variant is an extension of the first variant and includes a description of HIV infection.
</para>
</section>
<sect1 id="sec_structure">
<title>Model Structure</title>
<para>
This mathematical model of CD4+ T cell depletion in HIV infection has recently been used to investigate one potential mechanism for how HIV slowly weakens the body's immune system. HIV infection is characterised by the extensive depletion of CD4+ T cells. During the acute phase of the infection, the virus efficiently targets effector-memory CD4+ T cells. This depletion of memory CD4+ T cells continues, very slowly, during the chronic phase of the infection, resulting overall in a significant loss of CD4+ T cells.
</para>
<para>
It is not fully understood why the decline in peripheral CD4+ T cells during the chronic phase of the HIV infection is so slow. Since the virus preferentially infects activated cells, and the body's response to the virus and the T cell depletion is to in turn activate more T cells to respond and compensate, generating more target cells, the authors suggest that this produces a feedback loop that may cause the slow erosion of T cells. The authors refer to this theory of T cell activation, infection, HIV production, immune activation and homeostatic compensation as the <emphasis>runaway</emphasis> hypothesis. Using simple mathematical models of the dynamics of T cell homeostasis and proliferation Yates <emphasis>et al.</emphasis> demonstrate that the simplest formulation of this <emphasis>runaway</emphasis> mechanism is flawed, however. In particular, it is too fast, predicting that cells would die out in months, not years. In response, Yates <emphasis>et al.</emphasis> suggest several other possible mechanisms that could underlie the slow virus-induced CD4+ T cell depletion, and they capture the dynamics of these mechanisms in several, simple mathematical models. One possible explanation could be that the virus slowly evolves and adapts to evade the host immune system over the course of the infection.
</para>
<para>
The original publication contains three different mathematical models:
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>The first is a simple model of self-renewing memory CD4+ T cell homeostasis in the absence of HIV infection;</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>The second model is an extension of this, and includes a description of HIV infection;</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>And the final model of memory CD4+ T cell dynamics in HIV infection includes both homeostatically activated, and antigen- or bystander-activated cells.</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>
The CellML model presented here represents the second model of memory CD4+ T cell homeostasis which includes HIV infection, and is summarised in the figure below. The other two models have also been coded in CellML and can be downloaded as version 1 and version 1 variant 2 of the model.
</para>
<informalfigure float="0" id="fig_reaction_diagram">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<objectinfo>
<title>model diagram</title>
</objectinfo>
<imagedata fileref="yates_2007b.png"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
<caption>A simple model of self-renewing memory CD4+ T cell homeostasis which includes HIV infection. Activated dividing cells are infected with HIV at a rate proportional to the viral load which, in turn, is proportional to the infected cell count (Z), and an infectivity parameter (p) models the effciency of the infection process.</caption>
</informalfigure>
<para>
The complete original paper reference is cited below:
</para>
<para>
Understanding the slow depletion of memory CD4+ T cells in HIV infection, Andrew Yates, Jaroslav Stark, Nigel Klein, Rustom Antia, and Robin Callard, 2007, <emphasis>PLoS Medicine</emphasis>, volume 4, issue 5, 948-955. <ulink url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=17518516&query_hl=1&itool=pubmed_docsum">PubMed ID: 17518516</ulink>
</para>
<para>
In addition, this study has been discussed in detail in a Perspectives article in <emphasis>PLoS Medicine</emphasis> by Rob J. De Boer: <ulink url="http://medicine.plosjournals.org/perlserv/?request=get-document&doi=10.1371%2Fjournal.pmed.0040193">Time Scales of CD4+ T Cell Depletion in HIV Infection</ulink>. A <ulink url="http://medicine.plosjournals.org/archive/1549-1676/4/5/pdf/10.1371_journal.pmed.0040193-S.pdf">PDF</ulink> version of the article is also available.
</para>
</sect1>
</article>
</documentation>
<units name="day">
<unit multiplier="86400.0" units="second"/>
</units>
<units name="first_order_rate_constant">
<unit exponent="-1" units="day"/>
</units>
<component name="environment">
<variable cmeta:id="environment_time" name="time" public_interface="out" units="day"/>
</component>
<component cmeta:id="x" name="x">
<variable cmeta:id="x_x" initial_value="10E-1" name="x" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="d1" public_interface="in" units="first_order_rate_constant"/>
<variable name="a" public_interface="in" units="first_order_rate_constant"/>
<variable name="r" public_interface="in" units="first_order_rate_constant"/>
<variable name="y" public_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="kappa" public_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="day"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> x </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> r </ci>
<ci> y </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> a </ci>
<ci> x </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> x </ci>
<ci> kappa </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> d1 </ci>
<ci> x </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> x </ci>
<ci> kappa </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component cmeta:id="y" name="y">
<variable cmeta:id="y_y" initial_value="0.0" name="y" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="d2" units="first_order_rate_constant"/>
<variable name="d1" public_interface="in" units="first_order_rate_constant"/>
<variable name="a" public_interface="in" units="first_order_rate_constant"/>
<variable name="r" public_interface="in" units="first_order_rate_constant"/>
<variable name="p" public_interface="in" units="first_order_rate_constant"/>
<variable name="x" public_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="z" public_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="kappa" public_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="day"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>y</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> a </ci>
<ci> x </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> x </ci>
<ci> kappa </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> r </ci>
<ci> d2 </ci>
</apply>
<ci> y </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> p </ci>
<ci> z </ci>
<ci> y </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci> d2 </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless"> 99.0 </cn>
<ci> a </ci>
<ci> d1 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> a </ci>
<ci> r </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> d1 </ci>
<ci> r </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> a </ci>
<ci> d1 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component cmeta:id="z" name="z">
<variable cmeta:id="z_z" initial_value="0.01" name="z" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable initial_value="0.5" name="v" units="first_order_rate_constant"/>
<variable name="p" public_interface="in" units="first_order_rate_constant"/>
<variable name="y" public_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="day"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>z</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> p </ci>
<ci> z </ci>
<ci> y </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> v </ci>
<ci> z </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="model_parameters">
<variable initial_value="0.03333" name="a" public_interface="out" units="first_order_rate_constant"/>
<variable initial_value="0.005" name="d1" public_interface="out" units="first_order_rate_constant"/>
<variable initial_value="1.0" name="r" public_interface="out" units="first_order_rate_constant"/>
<variable initial_value="200.0" name="p" public_interface="out" units="first_order_rate_constant"/>
<variable initial_value="1.0" name="kappa" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
</component>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="x" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="y" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="z" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="y" component_2="x"/>
<map_variables variable_1="x" variable_2="x"/>
<map_variables variable_1="y" variable_2="y"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="y" component_2="z"/>
<map_variables variable_1="z" variable_2="z"/>
<map_variables variable_1="y" variable_2="y"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="x" component_2="model_parameters"/>
<map_variables variable_1="a" variable_2="a"/>
<map_variables variable_1="kappa" variable_2="kappa"/>
<map_variables variable_1="r" variable_2="r"/>
<map_variables variable_1="d1" variable_2="d1"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="y" component_2="model_parameters"/>
<map_variables variable_1="a" variable_2="a"/>
<map_variables variable_1="r" variable_2="r"/>
<map_variables variable_1="kappa" variable_2="kappa"/>
<map_variables variable_1="p" variable_2="p"/>
<map_variables variable_1="d1" variable_2="d1"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="z" component_2="model_parameters"/>
<map_variables variable_1="p" variable_2="p"/>
</connection>
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#4c13c87b-9da3-497f-83f2-13c03e40dba7"><creator xmlns="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#167f7051-e652-4715-8133-5019b5e1c4c5"/></creator><rdf:value xml:lang="en">This is a CellML description of Yates et al.'s 2007 mathematical model of the slow depletion of memory CD4+ T cells in HIV infection.</rdf:value></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#167f7051-e652-4715-8133-5019b5e1c4c5"><FN xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" xml:lang="en">Catherine Lloyd</FN></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#e4621c62-d6db-49b5-a07d-8591435b5ebc"><N xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#"><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#25c9c6e4-24cc-4d76-89a1-2cd148aba708"/></N></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="n1"><boundIntervals xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/metadata/simulation/1.0#"><rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="n2"/></boundIntervals></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#bc70c188-8217-4efb-ab46-8e6b3a7a2c48"><W3CDTF xmlns="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xml:lang="en">2007-05-22</W3CDTF></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="y"><title xmlns="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xml:lang="en">y</title><alternative xmlns="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xml:lang="en">dividing CD4+ T cells</alternative></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#dc506008-9eae-4e1d-8ef0-a7f8ecebee83"><title xmlns="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xml:lang="en">Understanding the slow depletion of memory CD4+ T cells in HIV infection</title><volume xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#" xml:lang="en">4</volume><issued xmlns="http://purl.org/dc/terms/"><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#bc70c188-8217-4efb-ab46-8e6b3a7a2c48"/></issued><last_page xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#" xml:lang="en">955</last_page><first_page xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#" xml:lang="en">948</first_page><Journal xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#"><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#68a870b2-7429-4ec6-8408-b430f1ca623c"/></Journal><creator xmlns="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#9ce41661-2f27-4e95-b6d8-e90bffd0b56d"/></creator></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#41e6021b-a4e5-425a-816c-278e803b1dfa"><Pubmed_id xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#" xml:lang="en">17518516</Pubmed_id><JournalArticle xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#"><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#dc506008-9eae-4e1d-8ef0-a7f8ecebee83"/></JournalArticle></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#5697caa7-6a96-4616-bf1e-4045e43d2b73"><subject xmlns="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#b3c18c8a-2852-47c2-8fbc-9befd57cca37"/></subject></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#f7b6a44b-e195-4982-8f13-eaa8a571d46d"><rdf:type><rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#Bag"/></rdf:type><rdf:_1 xml:lang="en">immunology</rdf:_1><rdf:_4 xml:lang="en">cd4+ t cell</rdf:_4><rdf:_8 xml:lang="en">viral dynamics</rdf:_8><rdf:_6 xml:lang="en">CD4+ T cell</rdf:_6><rdf:_7 xml:lang="en">cell cycle</rdf:_7><rdf:_3 xml:lang="en">HIV</rdf:_3><rdf:_2 xml:lang="en">hiv</rdf:_2><rdf:_5 xml:lang="en">imd2nology</rdf:_5></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#9ce41661-2f27-4e95-b6d8-e90bffd0b56d"><rdf:type><rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#Seq"/></rdf:type><rdf:_1><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#6e6df78b-f2a7-42eb-afa8-f696c3a1ee5f"/></rdf:_1><rdf:_4><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#b61deeea-da1d-4f5f-b475-f4e92c9a03d9"/></rdf:_4><rdf:_3><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#1a3e8ba0-fed4-4cf2-b636-02d9344cf1e0"/></rdf:_3><rdf:_2><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#c17fd20a-d61e-4de0-8109-eb0b62ab2ff5"/></rdf:_2><rdf:_5><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#04d1e522-1193-44d5-8285-4e7a210893ae"/></rdf:_5></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#e8644e8f-3903-45bb-9e15-1ecc24e5c778"><cmeta:modifier><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#c52a680e-c780-4b0b-8ec5-d605098b5487"/></cmeta:modifier><modified xmlns="http://purl.org/dc/terms/"><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#9e822f99-a322-499b-b937-65c498191d89"/></modified><rdf:value xml:lang="en">Fixed error where 'd2' had somehow replaced 'mu' in 'multiplier' within the CellML and in the documentation.</rdf:value></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#04d1e522-1193-44d5-8285-4e7a210893ae"><rdf:type><rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#Person"/></rdf:type><N xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#"><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#87a11999-42d7-499d-b296-3d5f5145276e"/></N></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="n2"><rdf:rest><rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil"/></rdf:rest><rdf:first><rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="n3"/></rdf:first></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#fcb2eaf6-6726-4a24-9926-59d9be5c82e2"><EMAIL xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#"><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#c06cf7ba-3ffb-4377-81b3-d5d2e2c16ecf"/></EMAIL><ORG xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#"><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#f3324b75-437d-43f8-a84c-c95af2261473"/></ORG><N xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#"><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#89abc5b8-b01b-408a-862c-568124406c03"/></N></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#655c39d2-e36a-4d76-abc5-dbb71aa85024"><Other xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" xml:lang="en">Richard</Other><Family xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" xml:lang="en">Lawson</Family><Given xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" xml:lang="en">James</Given></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#8bcb074b-58c4-4dcf-854c-aa1eb2a3936a"><Family xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" xml:lang="en">Yates</Family><Given xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" xml:lang="en">Andrew</Given></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="#yates_model_2007"><reference xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#"><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#41e6021b-a4e5-425a-816c-278e803b1dfa"/></reference><reference xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#"><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#5697caa7-6a96-4616-bf1e-4045e43d2b73"/></reference><title xmlns="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xml:lang="en">
Yates et al.'s 2007 mathematical model of the slow depletion of memory CD4+ T cells in HIV infection.
</title><cmeta:comment><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#4c13c87b-9da3-497f-83f2-13c03e40dba7"/></cmeta:comment><simulation xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/metadata/simulation/1.0#"><rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="n1"/></simulation></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#de65a34a-c5ea-4f03-9273-22b74e1f0165"><creator xmlns="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#ae2159ef-902f-421d-b1e3-753e59dd5cf4"/></creator><rdf:value xml:lang="en">This CellML file has been checked in COR and PCEnv. The units are consistent and the model runs to give the published results. However, by using the author's original source code it does mean this model now slightly varies from the published version.</rdf:value></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#ae2159ef-902f-421d-b1e3-753e59dd5cf4"><FN xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" xml:lang="en">Catherine Lloyd</FN></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#6e6df78b-f2a7-42eb-afa8-f696c3a1ee5f"><rdf:type><rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#Person"/></rdf:type><N xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#"><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#8bcb074b-58c4-4dcf-854c-aa1eb2a3936a"/></N></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#f3324b75-437d-43f8-a84c-c95af2261473"><Orgname xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" xml:lang="en">The University of Auckland</Orgname><Orgunit xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" xml:lang="en">The Bioengineering Institute</Orgunit></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#c52a680e-c780-4b0b-8ec5-d605098b5487"><N xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#"><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#655c39d2-e36a-4d76-abc5-dbb71aa85024"/></N></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#68a870b2-7429-4ec6-8408-b430f1ca623c"><title xmlns="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xml:lang="en">PLoS Medicine</title></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#c17fd20a-d61e-4de0-8109-eb0b62ab2ff5"><rdf:type><rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#Person"/></rdf:type><N xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#"><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#395ca002-669d-4372-9e0e-70a5594cde61"/></N></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#30affb6e-244f-41a0-9598-4655cac1ce7d"><W3CDTF xmlns="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xml:lang="en">2007-06-26T00:00:00+00:00</W3CDTF></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#395ca002-669d-4372-9e0e-70a5594cde61"><Family xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" xml:lang="en">Stark</Family><Given xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" xml:lang="en">Jaroslav</Given></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#25c9c6e4-24cc-4d76-89a1-2cd148aba708"><Other xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" xml:lang="en">May</Other><Family xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" xml:lang="en">Lloyd</Family><Given xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" xml:lang="en">Catherine</Given></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="z"><title xmlns="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xml:lang="en">z</title><alternative xmlns="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xml:lang="en">HIV-infected CD4+ T cells</alternative></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#14aae729-296f-40aa-a8bb-cad0126f49db"><W3CDTF xmlns="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xml:lang="en">2007-09-17T17:09:55+12:00</W3CDTF></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#2fe7222b-3152-41d5-86b7-deed6e417028"><cmeta:modifier><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#e4621c62-d6db-49b5-a07d-8591435b5ebc"/></cmeta:modifier><modified xmlns="http://purl.org/dc/terms/"><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#14aae729-296f-40aa-a8bb-cad0126f49db"/></modified><rdf:value xml:lang="en">Model has been checked in COR and PCEnv. The units have been corrected and the equations fixed according to the author's original source code.</rdf:value></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#87a11999-42d7-499d-b296-3d5f5145276e"><Family xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" xml:lang="en">Callard</Family><Given xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" xml:lang="en">Robin</Given></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="n3"><endingValue xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/metadata/simulation/1.0#" xml:lang="en">600</endingValue></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#c06cf7ba-3ffb-4377-81b3-d5d2e2c16ecf"><rdf:type><rdf:Description rdf:about="http://imc.org/vCard/3.0#internet"/></rdf:type><rdf:value xml:lang="en">c.lloyd@auckland.ac.nz</rdf:value></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="x"><title xmlns="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xml:lang="en">x</title><alternative xmlns="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xml:lang="en">resting memory CD4+ T cells</alternative></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#f92b4214-b038-4ffb-8d4e-dcba2b45ce87"><Family xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" xml:lang="en">Antia</Family><Given xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" xml:lang="en">Rustom</Given></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#b61deeea-da1d-4f5f-b475-f4e92c9a03d9"><rdf:type><rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#Person"/></rdf:type><N xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#"><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#f92b4214-b038-4ffb-8d4e-dcba2b45ce87"/></N></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#50537ac3-d89a-40f9-9fe9-0173bacf5f58"><Family xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" xml:lang="en">Klein</Family><Given xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" xml:lang="en">Nigel</Given></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#9e822f99-a322-499b-b937-65c498191d89"><W3CDTF xmlns="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xml:lang="en">2008-09-02T13:36:14+12:00</W3CDTF></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#b3c18c8a-2852-47c2-8fbc-9befd57cca37"><subject_type xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#" xml:lang="en">keyword</subject_type><rdf:value><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#f7b6a44b-e195-4982-8f13-eaa8a571d46d"/></rdf:value></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about=""><cmeta:comment><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#de65a34a-c5ea-4f03-9273-22b74e1f0165"/></cmeta:comment><created xmlns="http://purl.org/dc/terms/"><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#30affb6e-244f-41a0-9598-4655cac1ce7d"/></created><cmeta:modification><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#2fe7222b-3152-41d5-86b7-deed6e417028"/></cmeta:modification><cmeta:modification><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#e8644e8f-3903-45bb-9e15-1ecc24e5c778"/></cmeta:modification><publisher xmlns="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xml:lang="en">The University of Auckland, Bioengineering Institute</publisher><creator xmlns="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#fcb2eaf6-6726-4a24-9926-59d9be5c82e2"/></creator></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#89abc5b8-b01b-408a-862c-568124406c03"><Other xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" xml:lang="en">May</Other><Family xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" xml:lang="en">Lloyd</Family><Given xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" xml:lang="en">Catherine</Given></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#1a3e8ba0-fed4-4cf2-b636-02d9344cf1e0"><rdf:type><rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#Person"/></rdf:type><N xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#"><rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#50537ac3-d89a-40f9-9fe9-0173bacf5f58"/></N></rdf:Description></rdf:RDF></model>
