Rendering of the source text

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!--
This CellML file was generated on 14/01/2008 at 15:17:17 using:

COR (0.9.31.849)
Copyright 2002-2008 Dr Alan Garny
http://COR.physiol.ox.ac.uk/ - COR@physiol.ox.ac.uk

CellML 1.0 was used to generate this cellular model
http://www.CellML.org/
--><model xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" xmlns:cmeta="http://www.cellml.org/metadata/1.0#" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:bqs="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#" xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" xmlns:ns7="http://www.cellml.org/metadata/simulation/1.0#" cmeta:id="sakmann_2006_M" name="sakmann_2006_M">
   
<documentation xmlns="http://cellml.org/tmp-documentation">
<article>
  <articleinfo>
  <title>Distribution of a Persistent Sodium Current Across theVentricular Wall in Guinea Pigs</title>
  <author>
    <firstname>Penny</firstname>
          <surname>Noble</surname>
    <affiliation>
      <shortaffil>Oxford University</shortaffil>
    </affiliation>
  </author>
</articleinfo>
  <section id="sec_status">
    <title>Model Status</title>
    <para>
            This model has been curated and unit-checked and is known to run in COR and PCEnv. This variant is parameterised for the cardiac M CELL.
          </para>
  </section>
  <sect1 id="sec_structure">
<title>Model Structure</title>

<para>
ABSTRACT: A tetrodotoxin-sensitive persistent sodium current, IpNa, was found in guinea pig ventricular myocytes bywhole-cell patch clamping. This current was characterized in cells derived from the basal left ventricular subendocardium,midmyocardium, and subepicardium. Midmyocardial cells show a statistically significant (P,0.05) smaller IpNathan subendocardial and subepicardial myocytes. There was no significant difference in IpNa current density betweensubepicardial and subendocardial cells. Computer modeling studies support a role of this current in the dispersion ofaction potential duration across the ventricular wall."
</para>

<para>
The original paper reference is cited below:
				</para>
				
				<para>Distribution of a persistent sodium current across the ventricular wall in guinea pigs, Bernhard F.A.S. Sakmann, Anthony J. Spindler, Simon M. Bryant, Klaus W. Linz and Denis Noble, 2000, <emphasis>Circulation Research</emphasis>, 87, (10), 910-914.  <ulink url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&amp;cmd=Retrieve&amp;dopt=AbstractPlus&amp;list_uids=11073887&amp;query_hl=1&amp;itool=pubmed_docsum">PubMed ID: 11073887</ulink>
				</para>
				
				<informalfigure float="0" id="fig_reaction_diagram">
					<mediaobject>
						<imageobject>
							<objectinfo>
								<title>model diagram</title>
							</objectinfo>
							<imagedata fileref="sakmann_2000.png"/>
						</imageobject>
					</mediaobject>
					<caption>Schematic diagram of the Sakmann et al. 2000 cardiac cell model.</caption>
				</informalfigure>
			</sect1>
		</article>
	</documentation>

   <units name="micrometre">
      <unit units="metre" prefix="micro"/>
   </units>
   <units name="per_second">
      <unit units="second" exponent="-1"/>
   </units>
   <units name="millivolt">
      <unit units="volt" prefix="milli"/>
   </units>
   <units name="per_millivolt">
      <unit units="volt" prefix="milli" exponent="-1"/>
   </units>
   <units name="per_millivolt_second">
      <unit units="millivolt" exponent="-1"/>
      <unit units="second" exponent="-1"/>
   </units>
   <units name="microS">
      <unit units="siemens" prefix="micro"/>
   </units>
   <units name="microF">
      <unit units="farad" prefix="micro"/>
   </units>
   <units name="microS_per_microF">
      <unit units="microS"/>
      <unit units="microF" exponent="-1"/>
   </units>
   <units name="per_microF">
      <unit units="microF" exponent="-1"/>
   </units>
   <units name="nanoA">
      <unit units="ampere" prefix="nano"/>
   </units>
   <units name="mA_nA">
      <unit units="ampere" prefix="milli"/>
      <unit units="nanoA" exponent="-1"/>
   </units>
   <units name="nanoA_per_millimolar">
      <unit units="ampere" prefix="nano"/>
      <unit units="millimolar" exponent="-1"/>
   </units>
   <units name="millimolar">
      <unit units="mole" prefix="milli"/>
      <unit units="litre" exponent="-1"/>
   </units>
   <units name="millimolar4">
      <unit units="millimolar" exponent="4"/>
   </units>
   <units name="millimolar_per_second">
      <unit units="millimolar"/>
      <unit units="second" exponent="-1"/>
   </units>
   <units name="per_millimolar_second">
      <unit units="millimolar" exponent="-1"/>
      <unit units="second" exponent="-1"/>
   </units>
   <units name="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin">
      <unit units="joule"/>
      <unit units="mole" prefix="kilo" exponent="-1"/>
      <unit units="kelvin" exponent="-1"/>
   </units>
   <units name="coulomb_per_mole">
      <unit units="coulomb"/>
      <unit units="mole" exponent="-1"/>
   </units>
   <units name="micrometre3">
      <unit units="metre" prefix="micro" exponent="3"/>
   </units>
   <units name="litre_micrometre3">
      <unit units="litre"/>
      <unit units="micrometre3" exponent="-1"/>
   </units>
   <component name="environment">
      <variable units="second" public_interface="out" name="time"/>
   </component>
   <component name="membrane">
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="out" name="V" initial_value="-89.1374183"/>
      <variable units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin" public_interface="out" name="R" initial_value="8314.472"/>
      <variable units="kelvin" public_interface="out" name="T" initial_value="310"/>
      <variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="out" name="F" initial_value="96485.3415"/>
      <variable units="microF" public_interface="out" name="Cm" initial_value="0.000161"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_K1"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_to"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Kr"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ks"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca_L_K_cyt"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca_L_K_ds"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_NaK"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Na"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_b_Na"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_p_Na"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca_L_Na_cyt"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca_L_Na_ds"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_NaCa_cyt"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_NaCa_ds"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca_L_Ca_cyt"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca_L_Ca_ds"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_b_Ca"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" name="i_Stim"/>
      <variable units="second" name="stim_start" initial_value="0.1"/>
      <variable units="second" name="stim_end" initial_value="9"/>
      <variable units="second" name="stim_period" initial_value="1"/>
      <variable units="second" name="stim_duration" initial_value="0.003"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" name="stim_amplitude" initial_value="-2"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_Stim</ci>
            <piecewise>
               <piece>
                  <ci>stim_amplitude</ci>
                  <apply>
                     <and/>
                     <apply>
                        <geq/>
                        <ci>time</ci>
                        <ci>stim_start</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <leq/>
                        <ci>time</ci>
                        <ci>stim_end</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <leq/>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <apply>
                              <minus/>
                              <ci>time</ci>
                              <ci>stim_start</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <floor/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <divide/>
                                    <apply>
                                       <minus/>
                                       <ci>time</ci>
                                       <ci>stim_start</ci>
                                    </apply>
                                    <ci>stim_period</ci>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>stim_period</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>stim_duration</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </piece>
               <otherwise>
                  <cn cellml:units="nanoA">0</cn>
               </otherwise>
            </piecewise>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>V</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>Cm</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <ci>i_Stim</ci>
                  <ci>i_K1</ci>
                  <ci>i_to</ci>
                  <ci>i_Kr</ci>
                  <ci>i_Ks</ci>
                  <ci>i_NaK</ci>
                  <ci>i_Na</ci>
                  <ci>i_b_Na</ci>
                  <ci>i_p_Na</ci>
                  <ci>i_Ca_L_Na_cyt</ci>
                  <ci>i_Ca_L_Na_ds</ci>
                  <ci>i_NaCa_cyt</ci>
                  <ci>i_NaCa_ds</ci>
                  <ci>i_Ca_L_Ca_cyt</ci>
                  <ci>i_Ca_L_Ca_ds</ci>
                  <ci>i_Ca_L_K_cyt</ci>
                  <ci>i_Ca_L_K_ds</ci>
                  <ci>i_b_Ca</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="reversal_potentials">
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="out" name="E_Na"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="out" name="E_K"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="out" name="E_Ks"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="out" name="E_Ca"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="out" name="E_mh"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="P_kna" initial_value="0.03"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="K_o"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Na_o"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="K_i"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Na_i"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_o"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_i"/>
      <variable units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin" public_interface="in" name="R"/>
      <variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
      <variable units="kelvin" public_interface="in" name="T"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>E_Na</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>R</ci>
                     <ci>T</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>F</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <ln/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <ci>Na_o</ci>
                     <ci>Na_i</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>E_K</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>R</ci>
                     <ci>T</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>F</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <ln/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <ci>K_o</ci>
                     <ci>K_i</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>E_Ks</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>R</ci>
                     <ci>T</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>F</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <ln/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <ci>K_o</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <times/>
                           <ci>P_kna</ci>
                           <ci>Na_o</ci>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <ci>K_i</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <times/>
                           <ci>P_kna</ci>
                           <ci>Na_i</ci>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>E_Ca</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.5</cn>
                     <ci>R</ci>
                     <ci>T</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>F</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <ln/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <ci>Ca_o</ci>
                     <ci>Ca_i</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>E_mh</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>R</ci>
                     <ci>T</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>F</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <ln/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <ci>Na_o</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <times/>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.12</cn>
                           <ci>K_o</ci>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <ci>Na_i</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <times/>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.12</cn>
                           <ci>K_i</ci>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="time_independent_potassium_current">
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_K1"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="K_mk1" initial_value="10"/>
      <variable units="microS" name="g_K1" initial_value="0.2"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="K_o"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_K"/>
      <variable units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin" public_interface="in" name="R"/>
      <variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
      <variable units="kelvin" public_interface="in" name="T"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_K1</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>g_K1</ci>
                        <ci>K_o</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <ci>K_o</ci>
                        <ci>K_mk1</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <ci>V</ci>
                     <ci>E_K</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <exp/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <apply>
                           <times/>
                           <apply>
                              <minus/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <ci>V</ci>
                                 <ci>E_K</ci>
                              </apply>
                              <cn cellml:units="millivolt">10</cn>
                           </apply>
                           <ci>F</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1.5</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <times/>
                           <ci>R</ci>
                           <ci>T</ci>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_Kr"/>
      <variable units="microS" name="g_Kr"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_K"/>
      <variable units="microF" public_interface="in" name="Cm"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="K_o"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="V"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="xr"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>g_Kr</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>Cm</ci>
               <cn cellml:units="microS_per_microF">9.9926</cn>
               <apply>
                  <root/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <ci>K_o</ci>
                     <cn cellml:units="millimolar">5.4</cn>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_Kr</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>g_Kr</ci>
                     <ci>xr</ci>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <plus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <plus/>
                              <ci>V</ci>
                              <cn cellml:units="millivolt">9</cn>
                           </apply>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">22.4</cn>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>V</ci>
                  <ci>E_K</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_xr_gate">
      <variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="xr" initial_value="1.98e-5"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="xr_inf"/>
      <variable units="second" name="tau_xr"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>xr_inf</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <exp/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <apply>
                              <plus/>
                              <ci>V</ci>
                              <cn cellml:units="millivolt">21.5</cn>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="millivolt">7.5</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>tau_xr</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <cn cellml:units="second">0.001</cn>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.00138</cn>
                        <apply>
                           <plus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">14.2</cn>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <cn cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.123</cn>
                              </apply>
                              <apply>
                                 <plus/>
                                 <ci>V</ci>
                                 <cn cellml:units="millivolt">14.2</cn>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.00061</cn>
                        <apply>
                           <plus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">38.9</cn>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <cn cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.145</cn>
                              <apply>
                                 <plus/>
                                 <ci>V</ci>
                                 <cn cellml:units="millivolt">38.9</cn>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>xr</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>xr_inf</ci>
                  <ci>xr</ci>
               </apply>
               <ci>tau_xr</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_Ks"/>
      <variable units="microS" name="g_Ks"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_Ks"/>
      <variable units="microF" public_interface="in" name="Cm"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="V"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="xs"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>g_Ks</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>Cm</ci>
               <cn cellml:units="microS_per_microF">25.3</cn>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_Ks</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>g_Ks</ci>
               <apply>
                  <power/>
                  <ci>xs</ci>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>V</ci>
                  <ci>E_Ks</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_xs_gate">
      <variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="xs" initial_value="0.0381477"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="xs_inf"/>
      <variable units="second" name="tau_xs"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>xs_inf</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <exp/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <apply>
                              <minus/>
                              <ci>V</ci>
                              <cn cellml:units="millivolt">1.5</cn>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="millivolt">16.7</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>tau_xs</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <cn cellml:units="second">0.001</cn>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.0000719</cn>
                        <apply>
                           <plus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">30</cn>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <cn cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.148</cn>
                              </apply>
                              <apply>
                                 <plus/>
                                 <ci>V</ci>
                                 <cn cellml:units="millivolt">30</cn>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.000131</cn>
                        <apply>
                           <plus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">30</cn>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <cn cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.0687</cn>
                              <apply>
                                 <plus/>
                                 <ci>V</ci>
                                 <cn cellml:units="millivolt">30</cn>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>xs</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>xs_inf</ci>
                  <ci>xs</ci>
               </apply>
               <ci>tau_xs</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="fast_sodium_current">
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_Na"/>
      <variable units="microS" name="g_Na"/>
      <variable units="per_microF" name="nachanneldensity" initial_value="1075"/>
      <variable units="microS" name="gnachannel" initial_value="20"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_mh"/>
      <variable units="microF" public_interface="in" name="Cm"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="V"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="m"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="h"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="proton"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>g_Na</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>nachanneldensity</ci>
                  <ci>Cm</ci>
                  <ci>gnachannel</ci>
                  <apply>
                     <plus/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1.26</cn>
                        <apply>
                           <plus/>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                           <apply>
                              <divide/>
                              <ci>proton</ci>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1000</cn>
                                 <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2.5119e-6</cn>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.34</cn>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1.58</cn>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_Na</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>g_Na</ci>
               <apply>
                  <power/>
                  <ci>m</ci>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
               </apply>
               <ci>h</ci>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>V</ci>
                  <ci>E_mh</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="fast_sodium_current_m_gate">
      <variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="m" initial_value="0.0026891"/>
      <variable units="per_second" name="alpha_m"/>
      <variable units="per_second" name="beta_m"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" name="delta_m" initial_value="1e-5"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" name="E0_m"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>E0_m</ci>
            <apply>
               <plus/>
               <ci>V</ci>
               <cn cellml:units="millivolt">41</cn>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>alpha_m</ci>
            <piecewise>
               <piece>
                  <cn cellml:units="per_second">2000</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <lt/>
                     <apply>
                        <abs/>
                        <ci>E0_m</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <ci>delta_m</ci>
                  </apply>
               </piece>
               <otherwise>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn cellml:units="per_millivolt_second">200</cn>
                        <ci>E0_m</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <cn cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.1</cn>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>E0_m</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </otherwise>
            </piecewise>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>beta_m</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <cn cellml:units="per_second">8000</cn>
               <apply>
                  <exp/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.056</cn>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <ci>V</ci>
                        <cn cellml:units="millivolt">66</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>m</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>alpha_m</ci>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <ci>m</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>beta_m</ci>
                  <ci>m</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="fast_sodium_current_h_gate">
      <variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="h" initial_value="0.9873107"/>
      <variable units="per_second" name="alpha_h"/>
      <variable units="per_second" name="beta_h"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="proton" initial_value="3.98e-5"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" name="shifth"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>shifth</ci>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <cn cellml:units="millivolt">32.7</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <plus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <ci>proton</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1000</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2.5119e-6</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <cn cellml:units="millivolt">32.18</cn>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>alpha_h</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <cn cellml:units="per_second">20</cn>
               <apply>
                  <exp/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.125</cn>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <apply>
                           <plus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">75</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>shifth</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>beta_h</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <cn cellml:units="per_second">2000</cn>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">320</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <times/>
                           <apply>
                              <minus/>
                              <cn cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.1</cn>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <minus/>
                              <apply>
                                 <plus/>
                                 <ci>V</ci>
                                 <cn cellml:units="millivolt">75</cn>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>shifth</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>h</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>alpha_h</ci>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <ci>h</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>beta_h</ci>
                  <ci>h</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="persistent_sodium_current">
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_p_Na"/>
      <variable units="microS" name="g_pna" initial_value="0.0029"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_Na"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
      <variable units="microF" public_interface="in" name="Cm"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_p_Na</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>Cm</ci>
                     <cn cellml:units="per_microF">1000000</cn>
                     <ci>g_pna</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <ci>V</ci>
                        <cn cellml:units="millivolt">51.371</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <plus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <minus/>
                              <apply>
                                 <plus/>
                                 <ci>V</ci>
                                 <cn cellml:units="millivolt">53.9271</cn>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">7.4751</cn>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1000</cn>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="sodium_background_current">
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_b_Na"/>
      <variable units="microS" name="g_bna" initial_value="0.0006"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Na_i"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_Na"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_b_Na</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>g_bna</ci>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>V</ci>
                  <ci>E_Na</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="L_type_Ca_channel">
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_Ca_L_Ca_cyt"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_Ca_L_K_cyt"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_Ca_L_Na_cyt"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_Ca_L_Ca_ds"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_Ca_L_K_ds"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_Ca_L_Na_ds"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_Ca_L"/>
      <variable units="nanoA_per_millimolar" name="P_Ca_L" initial_value="0.11"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="P_CaK" initial_value="0.002"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="P_CaNa" initial_value="0.01"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_o"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="Ca_i"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="Ca_ds"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="K_o"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="K_i"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Na_o"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Na_i"/>
      <variable units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin" public_interface="in" name="R"/>
      <variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
      <variable units="kelvin" public_interface="in" name="T"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="V"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="d"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="f"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="f2"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="f2ds"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" private_interface="out" name="Km_f2" initial_value="100000"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" private_interface="out" name="Km_f2ds" initial_value="0.001"/>
      <variable units="per_second" public_interface="out" private_interface="out" name="R_decay" initial_value="20"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="FrICa" initial_value="1"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_Ca_L_Ca_cyt</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                           <ci>FrICa</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">4</cn>
                        <ci>P_Ca_L</ci>
                        <ci>d</ci>
                        <ci>f</ci>
                        <ci>f2</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>F</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>R</ci>
                        <ci>T</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                              <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>Ca_i</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <cn cellml:units="millivolt">100</cn>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>Ca_o</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                              <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_Ca_L_K_cyt</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                           <ci>FrICa</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>P_CaK</ci>
                        <ci>P_Ca_L</ci>
                        <ci>d</ci>
                        <ci>f</ci>
                        <ci>f2</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>F</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>R</ci>
                        <ci>T</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>K_i</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>K_o</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_Ca_L_Na_cyt</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                           <ci>FrICa</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>P_CaNa</ci>
                        <ci>P_Ca_L</ci>
                        <ci>d</ci>
                        <ci>f</ci>
                        <ci>f2</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>F</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>R</ci>
                        <ci>T</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>Na_i</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>Na_o</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_Ca_L_Ca_ds</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>FrICa</ci>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">4</cn>
                        <ci>P_Ca_L</ci>
                        <ci>d</ci>
                        <ci>f</ci>
                        <ci>f2ds</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>F</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>R</ci>
                        <ci>T</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                              <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>Ca_i</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <cn cellml:units="millivolt">100</cn>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>Ca_o</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                              <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_Ca_L_K_ds</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>FrICa</ci>
                        <ci>P_CaK</ci>
                        <ci>P_Ca_L</ci>
                        <ci>d</ci>
                        <ci>f</ci>
                        <ci>f2ds</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>F</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>R</ci>
                        <ci>T</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>K_i</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>K_o</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_Ca_L_Na_ds</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>FrICa</ci>
                        <ci>P_CaNa</ci>
                        <ci>P_Ca_L</ci>
                        <ci>d</ci>
                        <ci>f</ci>
                        <ci>f2ds</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>F</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>R</ci>
                        <ci>T</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>Na_i</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>Na_o</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_Ca_L</ci>
            <apply>
               <plus/>
               <ci>i_Ca_L_Ca_cyt</ci>
               <ci>i_Ca_L_K_cyt</ci>
               <ci>i_Ca_L_Na_cyt</ci>
               <ci>i_Ca_L_Ca_ds</ci>
               <ci>i_Ca_L_K_ds</ci>
               <ci>i_Ca_L_Na_ds</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="L_type_Ca_channel_d_gate">
      <variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="d" initial_value="1.44e-4"/>
      <variable units="per_second" name="alpha_d"/>
      <variable units="per_second" name="beta_d"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" name="E0_d"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="speed_d" initial_value="3"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>E0_d</ci>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <ci>V</ci>
                  <cn cellml:units="millivolt">24</cn>
               </apply>
               <cn cellml:units="millivolt">5</cn>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>alpha_d</ci>
            <piecewise>
               <piece>
                  <cn cellml:units="per_second">120</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <lt/>
                     <apply>
                        <abs/>
                        <ci>E0_d</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <cn cellml:units="millivolt">0.0001</cn>
                  </apply>
               </piece>
               <otherwise>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn cellml:units="per_millivolt_second">30</cn>
                        <ci>E0_d</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <divide/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <ci>E0_d</ci>
                              </apply>
                              <cn cellml:units="millivolt">7.2</cn>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </otherwise>
            </piecewise>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>beta_d</ci>
            <piecewise>
               <piece>
                  <cn cellml:units="per_second">120</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <lt/>
                     <apply>
                        <abs/>
                        <ci>E0_d</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <cn cellml:units="millivolt">0.0001</cn>
                  </apply>
               </piece>
               <otherwise>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn cellml:units="per_millivolt_second">12</cn>
                        <ci>E0_d</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <divide/>
                              <ci>E0_d</ci>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2.5</cn>
                                 <cn cellml:units="millivolt">7.2</cn>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </otherwise>
            </piecewise>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>d</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>speed_d</ci>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>alpha_d</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <ci>d</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>beta_d</ci>
                     <ci>d</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="L_type_Ca_channel_f_gate">
      <variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="f" initial_value="0.9999993"/>
      <variable units="per_second" name="alpha_f"/>
      <variable units="per_second" name="beta_f"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="speed_f" initial_value="0.3"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" name="delta_f" initial_value="0.0001"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" name="E0_f"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>E0_f</ci>
            <apply>
               <plus/>
               <ci>V</ci>
               <cn cellml:units="millivolt">34</cn>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>alpha_f</ci>
            <piecewise>
               <piece>
                  <cn cellml:units="per_second">25</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <lt/>
                     <apply>
                        <abs/>
                        <ci>E0_f</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <ci>delta_f</ci>
                  </apply>
               </piece>
               <otherwise>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn cellml:units="per_millivolt_second">6.25</cn>
                        <ci>E0_f</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <divide/>
                              <ci>E0_f</ci>
                              <cn cellml:units="millivolt">5.1</cn>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </otherwise>
            </piecewise>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>beta_f</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <cn cellml:units="per_second">12</cn>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <exp/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <apply>
                           <times/>
                           <apply>
                              <minus/>
                              <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <plus/>
                              <ci>V</ci>
                              <cn cellml:units="millivolt">34</cn>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="millivolt">5.1</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>f</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>speed_f</ci>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>alpha_f</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <ci>f</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>beta_f</ci>
                     <ci>f</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="L_type_Ca_channel_f2_gate">
      <variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="f2" initial_value="0.254433"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Km_f2"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_i"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>f2</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <cn cellml:units="per_second">1</cn>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <cn cellml:units="per_second">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <plus/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <ci>Ca_i</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <plus/>
                           <ci>Km_f2</ci>
                           <ci>Ca_i</ci>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <ci>f2</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="L_type_Ca_channel_f2ds_gate">
      <variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="f2ds" initial_value="0.9292189"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Km_f2ds"/>
      <variable units="per_second" public_interface="in" name="R_decay"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_ds"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>f2ds</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>R_decay</ci>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <plus/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <ci>Ca_ds</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <plus/>
                           <ci>Km_f2ds</ci>
                           <ci>Ca_ds</ci>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <ci>f2ds</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="calcium_background_current">
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_b_Ca"/>
      <variable units="microS" name="g_bca" initial_value="0.00025"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_Ca"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_b_Ca</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>g_bca</ci>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>V</ci>
                  <ci>E_Ca</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="transient_outward_current">
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_to"/>
      <variable units="microS" name="g_to" initial_value="0.005"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="g_tos" initial_value="0"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_K"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="V"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="s"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="r"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_to</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>g_to</ci>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <ci>g_tos</ci>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>s</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <ci>g_tos</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <ci>r</ci>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>V</ci>
                  <ci>E_K</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="transient_outward_current_s_gate">
      <variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="s" initial_value="0.7352365"/>
      <variable units="per_second" name="alpha_s"/>
      <variable units="per_second" name="beta_s"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>alpha_s</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <cn cellml:units="per_second">0.033</cn>
               <apply>
                  <exp/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <ci>V</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <cn cellml:units="millivolt">17</cn>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>beta_s</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <cn cellml:units="per_second">33</cn>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <exp/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <cn cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.125</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <plus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">10</cn>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>s</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>alpha_s</ci>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <ci>s</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>beta_s</ci>
                  <ci>s</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="transient_outward_current_r_gate">
      <variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="r" initial_value="0"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>r</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <cn cellml:units="per_second">333</cn>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <divide/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <plus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">4</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <cn cellml:units="millivolt">5</cn>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>r</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="sodium_potassium_pump">
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_NaK"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" name="i_NaK_max" initial_value="0.7"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" name="K_mK" initial_value="1"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" name="K_mNa" initial_value="40"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="K_o"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Na_i"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_NaK</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>i_NaK_max</ci>
                        <ci>K_o</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <ci>K_mK</ci>
                        <ci>K_o</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>Na_i</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <ci>K_mNa</ci>
                  <ci>Na_i</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="sodium_calcium_exchanger">
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_NaCa"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_NaCa_cyt"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="out" name="i_NaCa_ds"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" name="k_NaCa" initial_value="0.00012"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="n_NaCa" initial_value="3"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="d_NaCa" initial_value="0"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="gamma" initial_value="0.5"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="FRiNaCa" initial_value="0.001"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Na_i"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Na_o"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_i"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_ds"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_o"/>
      <variable units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin" public_interface="in" name="R"/>
      <variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
      <variable units="kelvin" public_interface="in" name="T"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_NaCa_cyt</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <ci>FRiNaCa</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>k_NaCa</ci>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <divide/>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <ci>gamma</ci>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>n_NaCa</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                 </apply>
                                 <ci>V</ci>
                                 <ci>F</ci>
                              </apply>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <ci>R</ci>
                                 <ci>T</ci>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <power/>
                           <ci>Na_i</ci>
                           <ci>n_NaCa</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>Ca_o</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <divide/>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>gamma</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                 </apply>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>n_NaCa</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                 </apply>
                                 <ci>V</ci>
                                 <ci>F</ci>
                              </apply>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <ci>R</ci>
                                 <ci>T</ci>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <power/>
                           <ci>Na_o</ci>
                           <ci>n_NaCa</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>Ca_i</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <plus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="millimolar4">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>d_NaCa</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <plus/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>Ca_i</ci>
                              <apply>
                                 <power/>
                                 <ci>Na_o</ci>
                                 <ci>n_NaCa</ci>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>Ca_o</ci>
                              <apply>
                                 <power/>
                                 <ci>Na_i</ci>
                                 <ci>n_NaCa</ci>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <plus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <ci>Ca_i</ci>
                        <cn cellml:units="millimolar">0.0069</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_NaCa_ds</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>FRiNaCa</ci>
                  <ci>k_NaCa</ci>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <divide/>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <ci>gamma</ci>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>n_NaCa</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                 </apply>
                                 <ci>V</ci>
                                 <ci>F</ci>
                              </apply>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <ci>R</ci>
                                 <ci>T</ci>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <power/>
                           <ci>Na_i</ci>
                           <ci>n_NaCa</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>Ca_o</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <divide/>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>gamma</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                 </apply>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>n_NaCa</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                 </apply>
                                 <ci>V</ci>
                                 <ci>F</ci>
                              </apply>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <ci>R</ci>
                                 <ci>T</ci>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <power/>
                           <ci>Na_o</ci>
                           <ci>n_NaCa</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>Ca_ds</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <plus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="millimolar4">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>d_NaCa</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <plus/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>Ca_ds</ci>
                              <apply>
                                 <power/>
                                 <ci>Na_o</ci>
                                 <ci>n_NaCa</ci>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>Ca_o</ci>
                              <apply>
                                 <power/>
                                 <ci>Na_i</ci>
                                 <ci>n_NaCa</ci>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <plus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <ci>Ca_ds</ci>
                        <cn cellml:units="millimolar">0.0069</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_NaCa</ci>
            <apply>
               <plus/>
               <ci>i_NaCa_cyt</ci>
               <ci>i_NaCa_ds</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="sarcoplasmic_reticulum_calcium_pump">
      <variable units="millimolar_per_second" public_interface="out" name="i_up"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="K_1"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" name="K_2"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" name="K_cyca" initial_value="0.0003"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="K_xcs" initial_value="0.4"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" name="K_srca" initial_value="0.5"/>
      <variable units="millimolar_per_second" name="alpha_up" initial_value="0.4"/>
      <variable units="millimolar_per_second" name="beta_up" initial_value="0.03"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_i"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_up"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>K_1</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>K_cyca</ci>
                  <ci>K_xcs</ci>
               </apply>
               <ci>K_srca</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>K_2</ci>
            <apply>
               <plus/>
               <ci>Ca_i</ci>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>Ca_up</ci>
                  <ci>K_1</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>K_cyca</ci>
                  <ci>K_xcs</ci>
               </apply>
               <ci>K_cyca</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_up</ci>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <ci>Ca_i</ci>
                     <ci>K_2</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>alpha_up</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>Ca_up</ci>
                        <ci>K_1</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <ci>K_2</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>beta_up</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="calcium_translocation">
      <variable units="millimolar_per_second" public_interface="out" name="i_trans"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_rel"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_up"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_trans</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <cn cellml:units="per_second">50</cn>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>Ca_up</ci>
                  <ci>Ca_rel</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="calcium_release">
      <variable units="millimolar_per_second" public_interface="out" name="i_rel"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="VoltDep"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="RegBindSite"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="CaiReg"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="CadsReg"/>
      <variable units="per_second" name="ActRate"/>
      <variable units="per_second" name="InactRate"/>
      <variable units="per_second" name="K_leak_rate" initial_value="0.05"/>
      <variable units="per_second" name="K_m_rel" initial_value="250"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" name="K_m_Ca_cyt" initial_value="0.0005"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" name="K_m_Ca_ds" initial_value="0.01"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="PrecFrac"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="ActFrac" initial_value="0.0101647"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="ProdFrac" initial_value="0.9584464"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="SpeedRel"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_i"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_ds"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_rel"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>VoltDep</ci>
            <apply>
               <exp/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <cn cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.08</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <ci>V</ci>
                     <cn cellml:units="millivolt">40</cn>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>CaiReg</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <ci>Ca_i</ci>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <ci>Ca_i</ci>
                  <ci>K_m_Ca_cyt</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>CadsReg</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <ci>Ca_ds</ci>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <ci>Ca_ds</ci>
                  <ci>K_m_Ca_ds</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>RegBindSite</ci>
            <apply>
               <plus/>
               <ci>CaiReg</ci>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <ci>CaiReg</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>CadsReg</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>ActRate</ci>
            <apply>
               <plus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <cn cellml:units="per_second">0</cn>
                  <ci>VoltDep</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <cn cellml:units="per_second">500</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <power/>
                     <ci>RegBindSite</ci>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>InactRate</ci>
            <apply>
               <plus/>
               <cn cellml:units="per_second">60</cn>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <cn cellml:units="per_second">500</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <power/>
                     <ci>RegBindSite</ci>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>SpeedRel</ci>
            <piecewise>
               <piece>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">5</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <lt/>
                     <ci>V</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </piece>
               <otherwise>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
               </otherwise>
            </piecewise>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>PrecFrac</ci>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <ci>ActFrac</ci>
               </apply>
               <ci>ProdFrac</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>ActFrac</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>PrecFrac</ci>
                  <ci>SpeedRel</ci>
                  <ci>ActRate</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>ActFrac</ci>
                  <ci>SpeedRel</ci>
                  <ci>InactRate</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>ProdFrac</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>ActFrac</ci>
                  <ci>SpeedRel</ci>
                  <ci>InactRate</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>SpeedRel</ci>
                  <cn cellml:units="per_second">1</cn>
                  <ci>ProdFrac</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_rel</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <apply>
                        <power/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <ci>ActFrac</ci>
                           <apply>
                              <plus/>
                              <ci>ActFrac</ci>
                              <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.25</cn>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                     </apply>
                     <ci>K_m_rel</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>K_leak_rate</ci>
               </apply>
               <ci>Ca_rel</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="extracellular_sodium_concentration">
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Na_o" initial_value="140"/>
   </component>
   <component name="intracellular_sodium_concentration">
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Na_i" initial_value="5.6633707"/>
      <variable units="micrometre3" public_interface="in" name="V_i"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Na"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_b_Na"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_p_Na"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca_L_Na_cyt"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca_L_Na_ds"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_NaK"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_NaCa_cyt"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>Na_i</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="mA_nA">1</cn>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <cn cellml:units="litre_micrometre3">1</cn>
                     <ci>V_i</ci>
                     <ci>F</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <ci>i_Na</ci>
                  <ci>i_p_Na</ci>
                  <ci>i_b_Na</ci>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
                     <ci>i_NaK</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
                     <ci>i_NaCa_cyt</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>i_Ca_L_Na_cyt</ci>
                  <ci>i_Ca_L_Na_ds</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="extracellular_calcium_concentration">
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Ca_o" initial_value="2"/>
   </component>
   <component name="extracellular_potassium_concentration">
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="K_o" initial_value="4"/>
   </component>
   <component name="intracellular_potassium_concentration">
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="K_i" initial_value="138.7963753"/>
      <variable units="micrometre3" public_interface="in" name="V_i"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_K1"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Kr"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ks"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca_L_K_cyt"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca_L_K_ds"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_to"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_NaK"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>K_i</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="mA_nA">1</cn>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <cn cellml:units="litre_micrometre3">1</cn>
                     <ci>V_i</ci>
                     <ci>F</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <plus/>
                     <ci>i_K1</ci>
                     <ci>i_Kr</ci>
                     <ci>i_Ks</ci>
                     <ci>i_Ca_L_K_cyt</ci>
                     <ci>i_Ca_L_K_ds</ci>
                     <ci>i_to</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                     <ci>i_NaK</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="intracellular_calcium_concentration">
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Ca_i" initial_value="5.44e-5"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Ca_ds" initial_value="0.0018991"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Ca_up" initial_value="0.7625025"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Ca_rel" initial_value="0.7368094"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" name="Ca_Calmod" initial_value="0.0018544"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" name="Ca_Trop" initial_value="0.0012852"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" name="Calmod" initial_value="0.02"/>
      <variable units="millimolar" name="Trop" initial_value="0.05"/>
      <variable units="per_millimolar_second" name="alpha_Calmod" initial_value="100000"/>
      <variable units="per_second" name="beta_Calmod" initial_value="50"/>
      <variable units="per_millimolar_second" name="alpha_Trop" initial_value="100000"/>
      <variable units="per_second" name="beta_Trop" initial_value="200"/>
      <variable units="micrometre" name="radius" initial_value="12"/>
      <variable units="micrometre" name="length" initial_value="74"/>
      <variable units="micrometre3" public_interface="out" name="V_i"/>
      <variable units="micrometre3" name="V_Cell"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="V_i_ratio"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="V_ds_ratio" initial_value="0.1"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="V_rel_ratio" initial_value="0.1"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="V_e_ratio" initial_value="0.4"/>
      <variable units="dimensionless" name="V_up_ratio" initial_value="0.01"/>
      <variable units="per_second" name="Kdecay" initial_value="10"/>
      <variable units="millimolar_per_second" public_interface="in" name="i_up"/>
      <variable units="millimolar_per_second" public_interface="in" name="i_trans"/>
      <variable units="millimolar_per_second" public_interface="in" name="i_rel"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_NaCa_cyt"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_NaCa_ds"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca_L_Ca_cyt"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca_L_Ca_ds"/>
      <variable units="nanoA" public_interface="in" name="i_b_Ca"/>
      <variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
      <variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>V_Cell</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">3.141592654</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <power/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <ci>radius</ci>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1000</cn>
                     </apply>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>length</ci>
               </apply>
               <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1000</cn>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>V_i_ratio</ci>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <ci>V_e_ratio</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>V_up_ratio</ci>
               </apply>
               <ci>V_rel_ratio</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>V_i</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>V_Cell</ci>
               <ci>V_i_ratio</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>Ca_i</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <apply>
                           <times/>
                           <apply>
                              <divide/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <cn cellml:units="mA_nA">1</cn>
                              </apply>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                 <cn cellml:units="litre_micrometre3">1</cn>
                                 <ci>V_i</ci>
                                 <ci>F</ci>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <minus/>
                              <apply>
                                 <plus/>
                                 <ci>i_Ca_L_Ca_cyt</ci>
                                 <ci>i_b_Ca</ci>
                              </apply>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                 <ci>i_NaCa_cyt</ci>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <times/>
                           <ci>Ca_ds</ci>
                           <ci>V_ds_ratio</ci>
                           <ci>Kdecay</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>i_rel</ci>
                              <ci>V_rel_ratio</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <ci>V_i_ratio</ci>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <diff/>
                        <bvar>
                           <ci>time</ci>
                        </bvar>
                        <ci>Ca_Calmod</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <diff/>
                     <bvar>
                        <ci>time</ci>
                     </bvar>
                     <ci>Ca_Trop</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <ci>i_up</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>Ca_ds</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="mA_nA">1</cn>
                     </apply>
                     <ci>i_Ca_L_Ca_ds</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                     <cn cellml:units="litre_micrometre3">1</cn>
                     <ci>V_ds_ratio</ci>
                     <ci>V_i</ci>
                     <ci>F</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>Ca_ds</ci>
                  <ci>Kdecay</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>Ca_up</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <ci>V_i_ratio</ci>
                     <ci>V_up_ratio</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>i_up</ci>
               </apply>
               <ci>i_trans</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>Ca_rel</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <ci>V_up_ratio</ci>
                     <ci>V_rel_ratio</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>i_trans</ci>
               </apply>
               <ci>i_rel</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>Ca_Calmod</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>alpha_Calmod</ci>
                  <ci>Ca_i</ci>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <ci>Calmod</ci>
                     <ci>Ca_Calmod</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>beta_Calmod</ci>
                  <ci>Ca_Calmod</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>Ca_Trop</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>alpha_Trop</ci>
                  <ci>Ca_i</ci>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <ci>Trop</ci>
                     <ci>Ca_Trop</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>beta_Trop</ci>
                  <ci>Ca_Trop</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <group>
      <relationship_ref relationship="containment"/>
      <component_ref component="membrane">
         <component_ref component="fast_sodium_current">
            <component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_m_gate"/>
            <component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_h_gate"/>
         </component_ref>
         <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel">
            <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_d_gate"/>
            <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_f_gate"/>
            <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_f2_gate"/>
            <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_f2ds_gate"/>
         </component_ref>
         <component_ref component="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
            <component_ref component="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_xr_gate"/>
         </component_ref>
         <component_ref component="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
            <component_ref component="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_xs_gate"/>
         </component_ref>
         <component_ref component="time_independent_potassium_current"/>
         <component_ref component="persistent_sodium_current"/>
         <component_ref component="sodium_background_current"/>
         <component_ref component="calcium_background_current"/>
         <component_ref component="transient_outward_current">
            <component_ref component="transient_outward_current_s_gate"/>
            <component_ref component="transient_outward_current_r_gate"/>
         </component_ref>
         <component_ref component="sodium_potassium_pump"/>
         <component_ref component="sodium_calcium_exchanger"/>
         <component_ref component="sarcoplasmic_reticulum_calcium_pump"/>
         <component_ref component="calcium_translocation"/>
         <component_ref component="calcium_release"/>
         <component_ref component="extracellular_sodium_concentration"/>
         <component_ref component="intracellular_sodium_concentration"/>
         <component_ref component="extracellular_potassium_concentration"/>
         <component_ref component="intracellular_potassium_concentration"/>
         <component_ref component="extracellular_calcium_concentration"/>
         <component_ref component="intracellular_calcium_concentration"/>
         <component_ref component="reversal_potentials"/>
      </component_ref>
   </group>
   <group>
      <relationship_ref relationship="encapsulation"/>
      <component_ref component="fast_sodium_current">
         <component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_m_gate"/>
         <component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_h_gate"/>
      </component_ref>
      <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel">
         <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_d_gate"/>
         <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_f_gate"/>
         <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_f2_gate"/>
         <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_f2ds_gate"/>
      </component_ref>
      <component_ref component="transient_outward_current">
         <component_ref component="transient_outward_current_s_gate"/>
         <component_ref component="transient_outward_current_r_gate"/>
      </component_ref>
      <component_ref component="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
         <component_ref component="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_xr_gate"/>
      </component_ref>
      <component_ref component="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
         <component_ref component="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_xs_gate"/>
      </component_ref>
   </group>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="environment" component_1="membrane"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="environment" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="environment" component_1="fast_sodium_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="environment" component_1="L_type_Ca_channel"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="environment" component_1="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="environment" component_1="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="environment" component_1="time_independent_potassium_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="environment" component_1="persistent_sodium_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="environment" component_1="sodium_background_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="environment" component_1="calcium_background_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="environment" component_1="transient_outward_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="environment" component_1="sodium_potassium_pump"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="environment" component_1="sodium_calcium_exchanger"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="environment" component_1="intracellular_sodium_concentration"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="environment" component_1="intracellular_potassium_concentration"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="environment" component_1="intracellular_calcium_concentration"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="environment" component_1="sarcoplasmic_reticulum_calcium_pump"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="environment" component_1="calcium_translocation"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="environment" component_1="calcium_release"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="membrane" component_1="calcium_release"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="reversal_potentials" component_1="membrane"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="R" variable_1="R"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="T" variable_1="T"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="fast_sodium_current" component_1="membrane"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_Na" variable_1="i_Na"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="Cm" variable_1="Cm"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="L_type_Ca_channel" component_1="membrane"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_Ca_L_Ca_cyt" variable_1="i_Ca_L_Ca_cyt"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_Ca_L_Ca_ds" variable_1="i_Ca_L_Ca_ds"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_Ca_L_Na_cyt" variable_1="i_Ca_L_Na_cyt"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_Ca_L_Na_ds" variable_1="i_Ca_L_Na_ds"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_Ca_L_K_cyt" variable_1="i_Ca_L_K_cyt"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_Ca_L_K_ds" variable_1="i_Ca_L_K_ds"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="R" variable_1="R"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="T" variable_1="T"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current" component_1="membrane"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_Kr" variable_1="i_Kr"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="Cm" variable_1="Cm"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current" component_1="membrane"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_Ks" variable_1="i_Ks"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="Cm" variable_1="Cm"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="transient_outward_current" component_1="membrane"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_to" variable_1="i_to"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="time_independent_potassium_current" component_1="membrane"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_K1" variable_1="i_K1"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="R" variable_1="R"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="T" variable_1="T"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="persistent_sodium_current" component_1="membrane"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_p_Na" variable_1="i_p_Na"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="Cm" variable_1="Cm"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="sodium_background_current" component_1="membrane"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_b_Na" variable_1="i_b_Na"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="calcium_background_current" component_1="membrane"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_b_Ca" variable_1="i_b_Ca"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="sodium_potassium_pump" component_1="membrane"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_NaK" variable_1="i_NaK"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="sodium_calcium_exchanger" component_1="membrane"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_NaCa_cyt" variable_1="i_NaCa_cyt"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_NaCa_ds" variable_1="i_NaCa_ds"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="R" variable_1="R"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="T" variable_1="T"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="intracellular_sodium_concentration" component_1="membrane"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="intracellular_potassium_concentration" component_1="membrane"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="intracellular_calcium_concentration" component_1="membrane"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="sodium_background_current" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="E_Na" variable_1="E_Na"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="persistent_sodium_current" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="E_Na" variable_1="E_Na"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="time_independent_potassium_current" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="E_K" variable_1="E_K"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="E_K" variable_1="E_K"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="E_Ks" variable_1="E_Ks"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="transient_outward_current" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="E_K" variable_1="E_K"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="calcium_background_current" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="E_Ca" variable_1="E_Ca"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="fast_sodium_current" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="E_mh" variable_1="E_mh"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="extracellular_potassium_concentration" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="K_o" variable_1="K_o"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="extracellular_sodium_concentration" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="Na_o" variable_1="Na_o"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="intracellular_potassium_concentration" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="K_i" variable_1="K_i"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="intracellular_sodium_concentration" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="Na_i" variable_1="Na_i"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="extracellular_calcium_concentration" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="Ca_o" variable_1="Ca_o"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="intracellular_calcium_concentration" component_1="reversal_potentials"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="Ca_i" variable_1="Ca_i"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="extracellular_potassium_concentration" component_1="time_independent_potassium_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="K_o" variable_1="K_o"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="intracellular_potassium_concentration" component_1="time_independent_potassium_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_K1" variable_1="i_K1"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="extracellular_potassium_concentration" component_1="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="K_o" variable_1="K_o"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="intracellular_potassium_concentration" component_1="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_Kr" variable_1="i_Kr"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="intracellular_potassium_concentration" component_1="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_Ks" variable_1="i_Ks"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="intracellular_sodium_concentration" component_1="fast_sodium_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_Na" variable_1="i_Na"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="intracellular_sodium_concentration" component_1="sodium_background_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_b_Na" variable_1="i_b_Na"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="Na_i" variable_1="Na_i"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="intracellular_sodium_concentration" component_1="persistent_sodium_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_p_Na" variable_1="i_p_Na"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="intracellular_sodium_concentration" component_1="L_type_Ca_channel"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_Ca_L_Na_cyt" variable_1="i_Ca_L_Na_cyt"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_Ca_L_Na_ds" variable_1="i_Ca_L_Na_ds"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="Na_i" variable_1="Na_i"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="intracellular_calcium_concentration" component_1="L_type_Ca_channel"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_Ca_L_Ca_cyt" variable_1="i_Ca_L_Ca_cyt"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_Ca_L_Ca_ds" variable_1="i_Ca_L_Ca_ds"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="Ca_i" variable_1="Ca_i"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="Ca_ds" variable_1="Ca_ds"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="intracellular_potassium_concentration" component_1="L_type_Ca_channel"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_Ca_L_K_cyt" variable_1="i_Ca_L_K_cyt"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_Ca_L_K_ds" variable_1="i_Ca_L_K_ds"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="K_i" variable_1="K_i"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="extracellular_potassium_concentration" component_1="L_type_Ca_channel"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="K_o" variable_1="K_o"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="extracellular_sodium_concentration" component_1="L_type_Ca_channel"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="Na_o" variable_1="Na_o"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="extracellular_calcium_concentration" component_1="L_type_Ca_channel"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="Ca_o" variable_1="Ca_o"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="intracellular_calcium_concentration" component_1="calcium_background_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_b_Ca" variable_1="i_b_Ca"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="intracellular_sodium_concentration" component_1="sodium_potassium_pump"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_NaK" variable_1="i_NaK"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="Na_i" variable_1="Na_i"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="extracellular_potassium_concentration" component_1="sodium_potassium_pump"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="K_o" variable_1="K_o"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="intracellular_potassium_concentration" component_1="sodium_potassium_pump"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_NaK" variable_1="i_NaK"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="intracellular_potassium_concentration" component_1="transient_outward_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_to" variable_1="i_to"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="intracellular_calcium_concentration" component_1="sodium_calcium_exchanger"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_NaCa_cyt" variable_1="i_NaCa_cyt"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_NaCa_ds" variable_1="i_NaCa_ds"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="Ca_i" variable_1="Ca_i"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="Ca_ds" variable_1="Ca_ds"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="intracellular_sodium_concentration" component_1="sodium_calcium_exchanger"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_NaCa_cyt" variable_1="i_NaCa_cyt"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="Na_i" variable_1="Na_i"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="extracellular_sodium_concentration" component_1="sodium_calcium_exchanger"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="Na_o" variable_1="Na_o"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="extracellular_calcium_concentration" component_1="sodium_calcium_exchanger"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="Ca_o" variable_1="Ca_o"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="intracellular_calcium_concentration" component_1="sarcoplasmic_reticulum_calcium_pump"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_up" variable_1="i_up"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="Ca_i" variable_1="Ca_i"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="Ca_up" variable_1="Ca_up"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="intracellular_calcium_concentration" component_1="calcium_translocation"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_trans" variable_1="i_trans"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="Ca_rel" variable_1="Ca_rel"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="Ca_up" variable_1="Ca_up"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="intracellular_calcium_concentration" component_1="calcium_release"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="i_rel" variable_1="i_rel"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="Ca_rel" variable_1="Ca_rel"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="Ca_i" variable_1="Ca_i"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="Ca_ds" variable_1="Ca_ds"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_xr_gate" component_1="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="xr" variable_1="xr"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_xs_gate" component_1="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="xs" variable_1="xs"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="fast_sodium_current_m_gate" component_1="fast_sodium_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="m" variable_1="m"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="fast_sodium_current_h_gate" component_1="fast_sodium_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="h" variable_1="h"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="proton" variable_1="proton"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="L_type_Ca_channel_d_gate" component_1="L_type_Ca_channel"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="d" variable_1="d"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="L_type_Ca_channel_f_gate" component_1="L_type_Ca_channel"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="f" variable_1="f"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="L_type_Ca_channel_f2_gate" component_1="L_type_Ca_channel"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="f2" variable_1="f2"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="Ca_i" variable_1="Ca_i"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="Km_f2" variable_1="Km_f2"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="L_type_Ca_channel_f2ds_gate" component_1="L_type_Ca_channel"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="f2ds" variable_1="f2ds"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="Ca_ds" variable_1="Ca_ds"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="Km_f2ds" variable_1="Km_f2ds"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="R_decay" variable_1="R_decay"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="transient_outward_current_s_gate" component_1="transient_outward_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="s" variable_1="s"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="transient_outward_current_r_gate" component_1="transient_outward_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="r" variable_1="r"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="intracellular_calcium_concentration" component_1="intracellular_sodium_concentration"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="V_i" variable_1="V_i"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_2="intracellular_calcium_concentration" component_1="intracellular_potassium_concentration"/>
      <map_variables variable_2="V_i" variable_1="V_i"/>
   </connection>
<rdf:RDF>
  <rdf:Seq rdf:about="rdf:#8208b3c8-2634-4096-b542-446481ab11b6">
    <rdf:li rdf:resource="rdf:#48b9f831-22c7-4bfe-8418-d9c2f7a84bed"/>
    <rdf:li rdf:resource="rdf:#0951aa3a-d4ea-47ec-9a91-5c262fe555a3"/>
    <rdf:li rdf:resource="rdf:#260264ff-08c5-4f75-be68-cac7b98cf779"/>
    <rdf:li rdf:resource="rdf:#f0f01c2b-e6ab-459f-899d-136299ee59d2"/>
    <rdf:li rdf:resource="rdf:#885dc8cc-6df9-4bd0-b919-205f0468885d"/>
  </rdf:Seq>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#020c7362-cf13-495f-ba0f-9033e3834993">
    <vCard:Given>SM</vCard:Given>
    <vCard:Family>Bryant</vCard:Family>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#6fd332a6-f119-4ed5-b6f7-06dc09b14bcd">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://imc.org/vCard/3.0#internet"/>
    <rdf:value>penny.noble@dpag.ox.ac.uk</rdf:value>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#885dc8cc-6df9-4bd0-b919-205f0468885d">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#Person"/>
    <vCard:N rdf:resource="rdf:#8e9e3f22-1d00-4afe-8eeb-45fafcfc4395"/>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#43d5ab3d-26bf-4137-95fd-ecdc50df7fd9">
    <vCard:Given>KW</vCard:Given>
    <vCard:Family>Linz</vCard:Family>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#7f73d8d6-1681-46db-8c24-dff68f0759c1">
    <vCard:FN/>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#f0f01c2b-e6ab-459f-899d-136299ee59d2">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#Person"/>
    <vCard:N rdf:resource="rdf:#43d5ab3d-26bf-4137-95fd-ecdc50df7fd9"/>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#31c4c164-00c6-4b4e-af80-e172ae8f5be5">
    <bqs:Pubmed_id>11073887</bqs:Pubmed_id>
    <bqs:JournalArticle rdf:resource="rdf:#0140ed35-973d-42da-bf7e-627078ea59b7"/>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="">
    <dc:title>Distribution of a persistent sodium current across the ventricular wall in guinea pigs (Midmyocardial Cell)</dc:title>
	<dc:publisher/>
    <cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#0b29ccfb-6fa0-44c9-ae91-cda2130da5c7"/>
    <dcterms:created rdf:resource="rdf:#eb8cff64-1e47-4dfe-b3eb-7390a21883b9"/>
    <dc:creator rdf:resource="rdf:#9f1f839b-d8f2-4281-a852-38c5a2ef470a"/>
    <cmeta:modification rdf:resource="rdf:#a852d8bc-94c3-4316-b780-bbb19eb9bfe6"/>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="#sakmann_2006_M">
    <bqs:reference rdf:resource="rdf:#31c4c164-00c6-4b4e-af80-e172ae8f5be5"/>
<bqs:reference rdf:parseType="Resource">
  <dc:subject rdf:parseType="Resource">
    <bqs:subject_type>keyword</bqs:subject_type>
    <rdf:value>
      <rdf:Bag>
        <rdf:li>persistent sodium current</rdf:li>
        <rdf:li>guinea-pig</rdf:li>
        <rdf:li>ventricular myocyte</rdf:li>
        <rdf:li>guinea pig</rdf:li>
        <rdf:li>electrophysiology</rdf:li>
        <rdf:li>cardiac</rdf:li>
      </rdf:Bag>
    </rdf:value>
  </dc:subject>
</bqs:reference>
    <cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#9badc3ef-a6b5-4801-a39e-8a910ff33d43"/>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#eb0ba425-28fa-4f22-80a6-5d6e5dfa9d41">
    <vCard:Given>Penny</vCard:Given>
    <vCard:Family>Noble</vCard:Family>
    <vCard:Other/>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#0140ed35-973d-42da-bf7e-627078ea59b7">
    <dc:creator rdf:resource="rdf:#8208b3c8-2634-4096-b542-446481ab11b6"/>
    <dc:title>Distribution of a persistent sodium current across the ventricular wall in guinea pigs.</dc:title>
    <bqs:volume>87</bqs:volume>
    <bqs:first_page>910</bqs:first_page>
    <bqs:Journal rdf:resource="rdf:#37af484d-e20b-4302-99bf-3ba8b90c5dde"/>
    <dcterms:issued rdf:resource="rdf:#6aab48e7-0244-43b0-a5d1-1d06d8cc95cb"/>
    <bqs:last_page>914</bqs:last_page>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#0951aa3a-d4ea-47ec-9a91-5c262fe555a3">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#Person"/>
    <vCard:N rdf:resource="rdf:#92d0d2ea-130e-490b-95f4-cbe02d512c94"/>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#8e9e3f22-1d00-4afe-8eeb-45fafcfc4395">
    <vCard:Given>D</vCard:Given>
    <vCard:Family>Noble</vCard:Family>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#37af484d-e20b-4302-99bf-3ba8b90c5dde">
    <dc:title>Circulation Research</dc:title>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#9f1f839b-d8f2-4281-a852-38c5a2ef470a">
    <vCard:ORG rdf:resource="rdf:#af33a86a-041b-490a-a80e-4290f2d962ad"/>
    <vCard:EMAIL rdf:resource="rdf:#6fd332a6-f119-4ed5-b6f7-06dc09b14bcd"/>
    <vCard:N rdf:resource="rdf:#c7581b62-a870-4c2c-adf0-eb2ff7081346"/>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#92d0d2ea-130e-490b-95f4-cbe02d512c94">
    <vCard:Given>AJ</vCard:Given>
    <vCard:Family>Spindler</vCard:Family>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#2fc6da2f-11e4-4c02-bd4b-6c168cd5900e">
    <dcterms:W3CDTF>2008-05-13T04:15:05+12:00</dcterms:W3CDTF>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#260264ff-08c5-4f75-be68-cac7b98cf779">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#Person"/>
    <vCard:N rdf:resource="rdf:#020c7362-cf13-495f-ba0f-9033e3834993"/>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#9badc3ef-a6b5-4801-a39e-8a910ff33d43">
    <dc:creator rdf:resource="rdf:#7f73d8d6-1681-46db-8c24-dff68f0759c1"/>
    <rdf:value/>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#014b0ad3-dadd-4fbd-ac79-8b29ceeff2ef">
    <vCard:FN>Penny Noble</vCard:FN>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#583e8c28-c7ed-4ea9-8d10-3d303cbb4310">
    <vCard:Given>BF</vCard:Given>
    <vCard:Family>Sakmann</vCard:Family>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#a852d8bc-94c3-4316-b780-bbb19eb9bfe6">
    <dcterms:modified rdf:resource="rdf:#2fc6da2f-11e4-4c02-bd4b-6c168cd5900e"/>
    <rdf:value>Corrections to model name and IK equations.</rdf:value>
    <cmeta:modifier rdf:resource="rdf:#5171d5a5-7960-485b-867f-36dea16819d7"/>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#5171d5a5-7960-485b-867f-36dea16819d7">
    <vCard:N rdf:resource="rdf:#eb0ba425-28fa-4f22-80a6-5d6e5dfa9d41"/>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#6aab48e7-0244-43b0-a5d1-1d06d8cc95cb">
    <dcterms:W3CDTF>2000-11-00 00:00</dcterms:W3CDTF>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#0b29ccfb-6fa0-44c9-ae91-cda2130da5c7">
    <dc:creator rdf:resource="rdf:#014b0ad3-dadd-4fbd-ac79-8b29ceeff2ef"/>
    <rdf:value>This model was based on the paper "Distribution of a Persistent Sodium Current Across theVentricular Wall in Guinea Pigs" by Bernhard F.A.S. Sakmann, Anthony J. Spindler, Simon M. Bryant, Klaus W. Linz and Denis Noble. &#13;
Reference: Circulation Research 2000 Nov 10;87(10):910-4. &#13;
The following is the abstract from the paper:&#13;
"A tetrodotoxin-sensitive persistent sodium current, IpNa, was found in guinea pig ventricular myocytes bywhole-cell patch clamping. This current was characterized in cells derived from the basal left ventricular subendocardium,midmyocardium, and subepicardium. Midmyocardial cells show a statistically significant (P,0.05) smaller IpNathan subendocardial and subepicardial myocytes. There was no significant difference in IpNa current density betweensubepicardial and subendocardial cells. Computer modeling studies support a role of this current in the dispersion ofaction potential duration across the ventricular wall."</rdf:value>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#c7581b62-a870-4c2c-adf0-eb2ff7081346">
    <vCard:Given>Penny</vCard:Given>
    <vCard:Family>Noble</vCard:Family>
    <vCard:Other/>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#af33a86a-041b-490a-a80e-4290f2d962ad">
    <vCard:Orgname>University of Oxford</vCard:Orgname>
    <vCard:Orgunit/>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#48b9f831-22c7-4bfe-8418-d9c2f7a84bed">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#Person"/>
    <vCard:N rdf:resource="rdf:#583e8c28-c7ed-4ea9-8d10-3d303cbb4310"/>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#eb8cff64-1e47-4dfe-b3eb-7390a21883b9">
    <dcterms:W3CDTF>2008-05-13T00:00:00+00:00</dcterms:W3CDTF>
  </rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
</model>