Model Mathematics

Component: environment

Component: membrane

past=⌊timestim_period⌋⁢stim_period i_Stim=stim_amplitudeiftime-past≥stim_offset∧time-past≦stim_offset+stim_duration0otherwise I=i_Na+i_Ca_L+i_t+i_Kur+i_K1+i_Kr+i_Ks+i_B_Na+i_B_Ca+i_NaK+i_CaP+i_NaCa+i_KAChCm+i_Stim ddtimeV=-I⁢1000 Q_tot=0.05⁢V

Component: sodium_current

i_Na=P_Na⁢m⁢m⁢m⁢0.9⁢h1+0.1⁢h2⁢Na_c⁢V⁢F⁢FR⁢T⁢ⅇV-E_Na⁢FR⁢T-1ⅇV⁢FR⁢T-1 E_Na=R⁢TF⁢ln⁡Na_cNa_i

Component: sodium_current_m_gate

ddtimem=m_infinity-mtau_m m_factor=V+25.5728.8 m_infinity=11+ⅇV+27.12-8.21 tau_m=0.000042⁢ⅇ-m_factor⁢m_factor+0.000024

Component: sodium_current_h1_gate

ddtimeh1=h_infinity-h1tau_h1 h_infinity=11+ⅇV+63.65.3 h_factor=11+ⅇV+35.13.2 tau_h1=0.03⁢h_factor+0.0003

Component: sodium_current_h2_gate

ddtimeh2=h_infinity-h2tau_h2 tau_h2=0.12⁢h_factor+0.003

Component: L_type_Ca_channel

i_Ca_L=g_Ca_L⁢d_L⁢f_Ca⁢f_L1+1-f_Ca⁢f_L2⁢V-E_Ca_app f_Ca=Ca_dCa_d+k_Ca

Component: L_type_Ca_channel_d_L_gate

ddtimed_L=d_L_infinity-d_Ltau_d_L d_L_infinity=11+ⅇV+9-5.8 d_L_factor=V+3530 tau_d_L=0.0027⁢ⅇ-d_L_factor⁢d_L_factor+0.002

Component: L_type_Ca_channel_f_L1_gate

ddtimef_L1=f_L_infinity-f_L1tau_f_L1 f_L_infinity=11+ⅇV+27.47.1 f_L_factor=V+40 tau_f_L1=0.161⁢ⅇ-f_L_factor⁢f_L_factor14.414.4+0.01

Component: L_type_Ca_channel_f_L2_gate

ddtimef_L2=f_L_infinity-f_L2tau_f_L2 tau_f_L2=1.3323⁢ⅇ-f_L_factor⁢f_L_factor14.214.2+0.0626

Component: Ca_independent_transient_outward_K_current

i_t=g_t⁢r⁢s⁢V-E_K E_K=R⁢TF⁢ln⁡K_cK_i

Component: Ca_independent_transient_outward_K_current_r_gate

ddtimer=r_infinity-rtau_r r_infinity=11+ⅇV-1-11 tau_r=0.0035⁢ⅇ-V⁢V3030+0.0015

Component: Ca_independent_transient_outward_K_current_s_gate

ddtimes=s_infinity-stau_s s_infinity=11+ⅇV+40.511.5 s_factor=V+52.4515.8827 tau_s=0.025635⁢ⅇ-s_factor⁢s_factor+0.01414

Component: ultra_rapid_K_current

i_Kur=g_kur⁢a_ur⁢i_ur⁢V-E_K

Component: ultra_rapid_K_current_aur_gate

ddtimea_ur=a_ur_infinity-a_urtau_a_ur a_ur_infinity=11+ⅇ-V+68.6 tau_a_ur=0.0091+ⅇV+512+0.0005

Component: ultra_rapid_K_current_iur_gate

ddtimei_ur=i_ur_infinity-i_urtau_i_ur i_ur_infinity=11+ⅇV+7.510 tau_i_ur=0.591+ⅇV+6010+3.05

Component: inward_rectifier

i_K1=g_K1⁢K_c10.4457⁢V-E_K1+ⅇ1.5⁢V-E_K+3.6⁢FR⁢T

Component: delayed_rectifier_K_currents

i_Ks=g_Ks⁢n⁢V-E_K i_Kr=g_Kr⁢pa⁢pip⁢V-E_K

Component: delayed_rectifier_K_currents_n_gate

ddtimen=n_infinity-ntau_n n_infinity=11+ⅇV-19.9-12.7 n_factor=V-2020 tau_n=0.7+0.4⁢ⅇ-n_factor⁢n_factor

Component: delayed_rectifier_K_currents_pa_gate

ddtimepa=p_a_infinity-patau_pa p_a_infinity=11+ⅇV+15-6 pa_factor=V+20.137622.1996 tau_pa=0.03118+0.21718⁢ⅇ-pa_factor⁢pa_factor

Component: delayed_rectifier_K_currents_pi_gate

pip=11+ⅇV+5524

Component: background_currents

i_B_Na=g_B_Na⁢V-E_Na i_B_Ca=g_B_Ca⁢V-E_Ca E_Ca=R⁢T2⁢F⁢ln⁡Ca_cCa_i

Component: sodium_potassium_pump

pow_Na_i_15=Na_i1.5 i_NaK=i_NaK_max⁢K_cK_c+K_NaK_K⁢pow_Na_i_15pow_Na_i_15+pow_K_NaK_Na_15⁢V+150V+200

Component: sarcolemmal_calcium_pump_current

i_CaP=i_CaP_max⁢Ca_iCa_i+k_CaP

Component: Na_Ca_ion_exchanger_current

i_NaCa=K_NaCa⁢Na_i⁢Na_i⁢Na_i⁢Ca_c⁢ⅇF⁢V⁢gamma_NaR⁢T-Na_c⁢Na_c⁢Na_c⁢Ca_i⁢ⅇgamma_Na-1⁢V⁢FR⁢T1+d_NaCa⁢Na_c⁢Na_c⁢Na_c⁢Ca_i+Na_i⁢Na_i⁢Na_i⁢Ca_c

Component: ACh_dependent_K_current

i_KACh=101+9.13652⁢10.477811ACh0.477811⁢0.0517+0.45161+ⅇV+59.5317.18⁢V-E_K⁢Cm

Component: intracellular_ion_concentrations

ddtimeK_i=-i_t+i_Kur+i_K1+i_Ks+i_Kr-2⁢i_NaK+i_Stim⁢CmVol_i⁢F ddtimeNa_i=-i_Na+i_B_Na+3⁢i_NaCa+3⁢i_NaK+phi_Na_enVol_i⁢F ddtimeCa_i=-i_B_Ca+i_CaP+i_up-i_di+i_rel+2⁢i_NaCa2⁢Vol_i⁢F-1⁢J_O ddtimeCa_d=-i_Ca_L+i_di2⁢Vol_d⁢F i_di=Ca_d-Ca_i⁢2⁢Vol_d⁢Ftau_di

Component: intracellular_Ca_buffering

J_O_C=200000⁢Ca_i⁢1-O_C-476⁢O_C J_O_TC=78400⁢Ca_i⁢1-O_TC-392⁢O_TC J_O_TMgC=200000⁢Ca_i⁢1-O_TMgC-O_TMgMg-6.6⁢O_TMgC J_O_TMgMg=2000⁢Mg_i⁢1-O_TMgC-O_TMgMg-666⁢O_TMgMg ddtimeO_C=J_O_C ddtimeO_TC=J_O_TC ddtimeO_TMgC=J_O_TMgC ddtimeO_TMgMg=J_O_TMgMg J_O=0.08⁢J_O_TC+0.16⁢J_O_TMgC+0.045⁢J_O_C ddtimeO=J_O

Component: cleft_space_ion_concentrations

ddtimeCa_c=Ca_b-Ca_ctau_Ca+i_Ca_L+i_B_Ca+i_CaP-2⁢i_NaCa2⁢Vol_c⁢F ddtimeK_c=K_b-K_ctau_K+i_t+i_Kur+i_K1+i_Ks+i_Kr-2⁢i_NaKVol_c⁢F ddtimeNa_c=Na_b-Na_ctau_Na+i_Na+i_B_Na+3⁢i_NaCa+3⁢i_NaK+phi_Na_enVol_c⁢F

Component: Ca_handling_by_the_SR

r_Ca_d_term=Ca_dCa_d+k_rel_d r_Ca_i_term=Ca_iCa_i+k_rel_i r_Ca_d_factor=r_Ca_d_term⁢r_Ca_d_term⁢r_Ca_d_term⁢r_Ca_d_term r_Ca_i_factor=r_Ca_i_term⁢r_Ca_i_term⁢r_Ca_i_term⁢r_Ca_i_term r_act=203.8⁢r_Ca_i_factor+r_Ca_d_factor r_inact=33.96+339.6⁢r_Ca_i_factor ddtimeF1=r_recov⁢1-F1-F2-r_act⁢F1 ddtimeF2=r_act⁢F1-r_inact⁢F2 i_rel_f2=F2F2+0.25 i_rel_factor=i_rel_f2⁢i_rel_f2 i_rel=alpha_rel⁢i_rel_factor⁢Ca_rel-Ca_i i_up=I_up_max⁢Ca_ik_cyca-k_xcs⁢k_xcs⁢Ca_upk_srcaCa_i+k_cycak_cyca+k_xcs⁢Ca_up+k_srcak_srca i_tr=Ca_up-Ca_rel⁢2⁢Vol_rel⁢Ftau_tr J_O_Calse=480⁢Ca_rel⁢1-O_Calse-400⁢O_Calse ddtimeO_Calse=J_O_Calse ddtimeCa_up=i_up-i_tr2⁢Vol_up⁢F ddtimeCa_rel=i_tr-i_rel2⁢Vol_rel⁢F-31⁢J_O_Calse