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  <title>Na<superscript>+</superscript> Channel Mutation That Causes Both Brugada and Long-QT Syndrome Phenotypes: A Simulation Study of Mechanism</title>
  <author>
    <firstname>Catherine</firstname>
          <surname>Lloyd</surname>
    <affiliation>
      <shortaffil>Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland</shortaffil>
    </affiliation>
  </author>
</articleinfo>
  <section id="sec_status">
    <title>Model Status</title>
    <para>
            This CellML model represents the wildtype epicardial cell.  For more details on the curation status of this model please see this <ulink url="Clancy_Rudy_Mutations.pdf">separate notes document</ulink>.
</para>
  </section>
  <sect1 id="sec_structure">
<title>Model Structure</title>

<para>
ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Complex physiological interactions determine the functional consequences of gene abnormalities and make mechanistic interpretation of phenotypes extremely difficult. A recent example is a single mutation in the C terminus of the cardiac Na(+) channel, 1795insD. The mutation causes two distinct clinical syndromes, long QT (LQT) and Brugada, leading to life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias. Coexistence of these syndromes is seemingly paradoxical; LQT is associated with enhanced Na(+) channel function, and Brugada with reduced function. METHODS AND RESULTS: Using a computational approach, we demonstrate that the 1795insD mutation exerts variable effects depending on the myocardial substrate. We develop Markov models of the wild-type and 1795insD cardiac Na(+) channels. By incorporating the models into a virtual transgenic cell, we elucidate the mechanism by which 1795insD differentially disrupts cellular electrical behavior in epicardial and midmyocardial cell types. We provide a cellular mechanistic basis for the ECG abnormalities observed in patients carrying the 1795insD gene mutation. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate that the 1795insD mutation can cause both LQT and Brugada syndromes through interaction with the heterogeneous myocardium in a rate-dependent manner. The results highlight the complexity and multiplicity of genotype-phenotype relationships, and the usefulness of computational approaches in establishing a mechanistic link between genetic defects and functional abnormalities.  
</para>

<para>
The original paper reference is cited below:
</para>

<para>
Na<superscript>+</superscript> Channel Mutation That Causes Both Brugada and Long-QT Syndrome Phenotypes: A Simulation Study of Mechanism, Colleen E. Clancy and Yoram Rudy, 2002, 
            <emphasis>Circulation</emphasis>
          , 105, 1208-1213. <ulink url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;list_uids=11889015&amp;dopt=Abstract">PubMed ID: 11889015</ulink>
</para>


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<caption>A Markovian model for the wild-type cardiac Na<superscript>+</superscript> channel, embedded within an updated version of the Luo-Rudy dynamic model.  C, indicates a closed channel state; IC, a closed-inactivation state; IF, a fast inactivation state; IM, an intermediate inactivation state, and O, an open state.</caption>
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<caption>A Markovian model for the mutant 1795insD cardiac Na<superscript>+</superscript> channel, embedded within an updated version of the Luo-Rudy dynamic model.  U (upper) indicates background mode of gating; L (lower), represents a small population of bursting channels which fail to inactivate.</caption>
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</sect1>
</article>
</documentation>


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                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.2</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <minus/>
                              <ci>V</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">150</cn>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>alpha_12</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <cn cellml:units="per_second">3802</cn>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.1027</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <minus/>
                              <ci>V</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">15</cn>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.23</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <minus/>
                              <ci>V</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">150</cn>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>alpha_13</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <cn cellml:units="per_second">3802</cn>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.1027</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <minus/>
                              <ci>V</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">12</cn>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.25</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <minus/>
                              <ci>V</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">150</cn>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>beta_11</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <cn cellml:units="per_second">191.7</cn>
               <apply>
                  <exp/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <ci>V</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <cn cellml:units="millivolt">20.3</cn>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>beta_12</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <cn cellml:units="per_second">200</cn>
               <apply>
                  <exp/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">5</cn>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <cn cellml:units="millivolt">20.3</cn>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>beta_13</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <cn cellml:units="per_second">220</cn>
               <apply>
                  <exp/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">10</cn>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <cn cellml:units="millivolt">20.3</cn>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>alpha_2</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <cn cellml:units="per_second">9178</cn>
               <apply>
                  <exp/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <ci>V</ci>
                     <cn cellml:units="millivolt">29.68</cn>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>beta_2</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>alpha_13</ci>
                  <ci>alpha_2</ci>
                  <ci>alpha_3</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>beta_13</ci>
                  <ci>beta_3</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>alpha_3</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <cn cellml:units="per_second" type="e-notation">3.7933<sep/>-4</cn>
               <apply>
                  <exp/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <ci>V</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <cn cellml:units="millivolt">7.7</cn>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>beta_3</ci>
            <apply>
               <plus/>
               <cn cellml:units="per_second">8.4</cn>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.02</cn>
                  <ci>V</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>alpha_4</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <ci>alpha_2</ci>
               <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">100</cn>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>beta_4</ci>
            <ci>alpha_3</ci>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>alpha_5</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <ci>alpha_2</ci>
               <cn cellml:units="dimensionless" type="e-notation">9.5<sep/>4</cn>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>beta_5</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <ci>alpha_3</ci>
               <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">50</cn>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="L_type_Ca_channel">
      <variable name="i_Ca_L" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="i_CaCa" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="i_CaK" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="i_CaNa" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="gamma_Nai" units="dimensionless" initial_value="0.75" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="gamma_Nao" units="dimensionless" initial_value="0.75" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="gamma_Ki" units="dimensionless" initial_value="0.75" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="gamma_Ko" units="dimensionless" initial_value="0.75" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="I_CaCa" units="microA_per_microF"/>
      <variable name="I_CaK" units="microA_per_microF"/>
      <variable name="I_CaNa" units="microA_per_microF"/>
      <variable name="P_Ca" units="cm_per_second" initial_value="0.00054"/>
      <variable name="P_Na" units="cm_per_second" initial_value="6.75e-7"/>
      <variable name="P_K" units="cm_per_second" initial_value="1.93e-7"/>
      <variable name="gamma_Cai" units="dimensionless" initial_value="1"/>
      <variable name="gamma_Cao" units="dimensionless" initial_value="0.341"/>
      <variable name="time" units="second" public_interface="in" private_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="V" units="millivolt" public_interface="in" private_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="Cai" units="millimolar" public_interface="in" private_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="R" units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="T" units="kelvin" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="F" units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="Cao" units="millimolar" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="Nao" units="millimolar" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="Ko" units="millimolar" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="Nai" units="millimolar" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="Ki" units="millimolar" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="d" units="dimensionless" private_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="f" units="dimensionless" private_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="f_Ca" units="dimensionless" private_interface="in"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>I_CaCa</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>P_Ca</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <power/>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>V</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <power/>
                           <ci>F</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>R</ci>
                        <ci>T</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>gamma_Cai</ci>
                        <ci>Cai</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <divide/>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                 <ci>V</ci>
                                 <ci>F</ci>
                              </apply>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <ci>R</ci>
                                 <ci>T</ci>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>gamma_Cao</ci>
                        <ci>Cao</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <exp/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <apply>
                           <times/>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <ci>F</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <times/>
                           <ci>R</ci>
                           <ci>T</ci>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>I_CaNa</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>P_Na</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <power/>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>V</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <power/>
                           <ci>F</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>R</ci>
                        <ci>T</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>gamma_Nai</ci>
                        <ci>Nai</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <divide/>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                 <ci>V</ci>
                                 <ci>F</ci>
                              </apply>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <ci>R</ci>
                                 <ci>T</ci>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>gamma_Nao</ci>
                        <ci>Nao</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <exp/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <apply>
                           <times/>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <ci>F</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <times/>
                           <ci>R</ci>
                           <ci>T</ci>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>I_CaK</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>P_K</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <power/>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>V</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <power/>
                           <ci>F</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>R</ci>
                        <ci>T</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>gamma_Ki</ci>
                        <ci>Ki</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <divide/>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                 <ci>V</ci>
                                 <ci>F</ci>
                              </apply>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <ci>R</ci>
                                 <ci>T</ci>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>gamma_Ko</ci>
                        <ci>Ko</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <exp/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <apply>
                           <times/>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <ci>F</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <times/>
                           <ci>R</ci>
                           <ci>T</ci>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_CaCa</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>d</ci>
               <ci>f</ci>
               <ci>f_Ca</ci>
               <ci>I_CaCa</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_CaNa</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>d</ci>
               <ci>f</ci>
               <ci>f_Ca</ci>
               <ci>I_CaNa</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_CaK</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>d</ci>
               <ci>f</ci>
               <ci>f_Ca</ci>
               <ci>I_CaK</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_Ca_L</ci>
            <apply>
               <plus/>
               <ci>i_CaCa</ci>
               <ci>i_CaK</ci>
               <ci>i_CaNa</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="L_type_Ca_channel_d_gate">
      <variable name="d" units="dimensionless" initial_value="3.289e-6" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="alpha_d" units="per_second"/>
      <variable name="beta_d" units="per_second"/>
      <variable name="d_infinity" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="tau_d" units="second"/>
      <variable name="V" units="millivolt" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="time" units="second" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="E0_d" units="millivolt"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>E0_d</ci>
            <apply>
               <plus/>
               <ci>V</ci>
               <cn cellml:units="millivolt">10</cn>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>d_infinity</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <exp/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <ci>E0_d</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="millivolt">6.24</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>tau_d</ci>
            <piecewise>
               <piece>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <cn cellml:units="second">0.001</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.035</cn>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">6.24</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <lt/>
                     <apply>
                        <abs/>
                        <ci>E0_d</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <cn cellml:units="millivolt" type="e-notation">1<sep/>-5</cn>
                  </apply>
               </piece>
               <otherwise>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.001</cn>
                        <ci>d_infinity</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                           <apply>
                              <exp/>
                              <apply>
                                 <divide/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>E0_d</ci>
                                 </apply>
                                 <cn cellml:units="millivolt">6.24</cn>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn cellml:units="per_millivolt_second">0.035</cn>
                        <ci>E0_d</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </otherwise>
            </piecewise>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>alpha_d</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <ci>d_infinity</ci>
               <ci>tau_d</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>beta_d</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <ci>d_infinity</ci>
               </apply>
               <ci>tau_d</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>d</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>alpha_d</ci>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <ci>d</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>beta_d</ci>
                  <ci>d</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="L_type_Ca_channel_f_gate">
      <variable name="f" units="dimensionless" initial_value="0.99975" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="alpha_f" units="per_second"/>
      <variable name="beta_f" units="per_second"/>
      <variable name="f_infinity" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="tau_f" units="second"/>
      <variable name="V" units="millivolt" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="time" units="second" public_interface="in"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>f_infinity</ci>
            <apply>
               <plus/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <plus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <plus/>
                              <ci>V</ci>
                              <cn cellml:units="millivolt">32</cn>
                           </apply>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">8</cn>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.6</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <plus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <minus/>
                              <cn cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                              <ci>V</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">20</cn>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>tau_f</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <cn cellml:units="second">0.001</cn>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.0197</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <apply>
                              <power/>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <cn cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.0337</cn>
                                 <apply>
                                    <plus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="millivolt">10</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.02</cn>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>alpha_f</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <ci>f_infinity</ci>
               <ci>tau_f</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>beta_f</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <ci>f_infinity</ci>
               </apply>
               <ci>tau_f</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>f</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>alpha_f</ci>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <ci>f</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>beta_f</ci>
                  <ci>f</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="L_type_Ca_channel_f_Ca_gate">
      <variable name="f_Ca" units="dimensionless" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="Km_Ca" units="millimolar" initial_value="0.0006"/>
      <variable name="V" units="millivolt" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="time" units="second" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="Cai" units="millimolar" public_interface="in"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>f_Ca</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <ci>Cai</ci>
                     <ci>Km_Ca</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="T_type_Ca_channel">
      <variable name="i_Ca_T" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="g_CaT" units="milliS_per_microF" initial_value="0.05"/>
      <variable name="E_Ca" units="millivolt" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="time" units="second" public_interface="in" private_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="V" units="millivolt" public_interface="in" private_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="b" units="dimensionless" private_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="g" units="dimensionless" private_interface="in"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_Ca_T</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>g_CaT</ci>
               <ci>b</ci>
               <ci>b</ci>
               <ci>g</ci>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>V</ci>
                  <ci>E_Ca</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="T_type_Ca_channel_b_gate">
      <variable name="b" units="dimensionless" initial_value="0.000983" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="V" units="millivolt" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="time" units="second" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="b_inf" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="tau_b" units="second"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>b_inf</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <exp/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <apply>
                              <plus/>
                              <ci>V</ci>
                              <cn cellml:units="millivolt">14</cn>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="millivolt">10.8</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>tau_b</ci>
            <apply>
               <plus/>
               <cn cellml:units="second">0.0037</cn>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <cn cellml:units="second">0.0061</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <plus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <plus/>
                              <ci>V</ci>
                              <cn cellml:units="millivolt">25</cn>
                           </apply>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">4.5</cn>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>b</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>b_inf</ci>
                  <ci>b</ci>
               </apply>
               <ci>tau_b</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="T_type_Ca_channel_g_gate">
      <variable name="g" units="dimensionless" initial_value="0.9942" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="V" units="millivolt" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="time" units="second" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="g_inf" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="tau_g" units="second"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>g_inf</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <exp/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <apply>
                           <plus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">60</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="millivolt">5.6</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>tau_g</ci>
            <piecewise>
               <piece>
                  <apply>
                     <plus/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <cn cellml:units="second">0.000875</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>V</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <cn cellml:units="second">0.012</cn>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <leq/>
                     <ci>V</ci>
                     <cn cellml:units="millivolt">0</cn>
                  </apply>
               </piece>
               <otherwise>
                  <cn cellml:units="second">0.012</cn>
               </otherwise>
            </piecewise>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>g</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>g_inf</ci>
                  <ci>g</ci>
               </apply>
               <ci>tau_g</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
      <variable name="i_Kr" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="g_Kr" units="milliS_per_microF"/>
      <variable name="E_Kr" units="millivolt"/>
      <variable name="time" units="second" public_interface="in" private_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="V" units="millivolt" public_interface="in" private_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="Ko" units="millimolar" public_interface="in" private_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="Ki" units="millimolar" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="R" units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="T" units="kelvin" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="F" units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="P_O" units="dimensionless" private_interface="in"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_Kr</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>g_Kr</ci>
               <ci>P_O</ci>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>V</ci>
                  <ci>E_Kr</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>g_Kr</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <cn cellml:units="milliS_per_microF">0.0135</cn>
               <apply>
                  <power/>
                  <ci>Ko</ci>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.59</cn>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>E_Kr</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>R</ci>
                     <ci>T</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>F</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <ln/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <ci>Ko</ci>
                     <ci>Ki</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="Kr_channel_states">
      <variable name="P_O" units="dimensionless" initial_value="1.104e-10" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="P_C1" units="dimensionless" initial_value="3.4083e-8"/>
      <variable name="P_C2" units="dimensionless" initial_value="1.69e-8"/>
      <variable name="P_C3" units="dimensionless" initial_value="4.949e-6"/>
      <variable name="P_I" units="dimensionless" initial_value="3.386e-11"/>
      <variable name="alpha" units="per_second"/>
      <variable name="beta" units="per_second"/>
      <variable name="alpha_in" units="per_second" initial_value="2172"/>
      <variable name="beta_in" units="per_second" initial_value="1077"/>
      <variable name="alpha_alpha" units="per_second"/>
      <variable name="beta_beta" units="per_second"/>
      <variable name="alpha_i" units="per_second"/>
      <variable name="beta_i" units="per_second"/>
      <variable name="mu" units="per_second"/>
      <variable name="time" units="second" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="V" units="millivolt" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="Ko" units="millimolar" public_interface="in"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>P_C3</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>beta</ci>
                  <ci>P_C2</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>alpha</ci>
                  <ci>P_C3</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>P_C2</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <plus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <ci>beta</ci>
                        <ci>alpha_in</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>P_C2</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>alpha</ci>
                  <ci>P_C3</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>beta_in</ci>
                  <ci>P_C1</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>P_C1</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <plus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <ci>beta_in</ci>
                        <ci>alpha_alpha</ci>
                        <ci>alpha_alpha</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>P_C1</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>alpha_in</ci>
                  <ci>P_C2</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>beta_beta</ci>
                  <ci>P_O</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>mu</ci>
                  <ci>P_I</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>P_O</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <plus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <ci>beta_beta</ci>
                        <ci>beta_i</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>P_O</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>alpha_alpha</ci>
                  <ci>P_C1</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>alpha_i</ci>
                  <ci>P_I</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>P_I</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <plus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <ci>mu</ci>
                        <ci>alpha_i</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>P_I</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>alpha_alpha</ci>
                  <ci>P_C1</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>beta_i</ci>
                  <ci>P_O</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>alpha</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <cn cellml:units="per_second">55.5</cn>
               <apply>
                  <exp/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.05547153</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <ci>V</ci>
                        <cn cellml:units="millivolt">12</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>beta</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <cn cellml:units="per_second">2.357</cn>
               <apply>
                  <exp/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.036588</cn>
                     </apply>
                     <ci>V</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>alpha_alpha</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <cn cellml:units="per_second">65.5</cn>
               <apply>
                  <exp/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.05547153</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <ci>V</ci>
                        <cn cellml:units="millivolt">36</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>beta_beta</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <cn cellml:units="per_second">2.9357</cn>
               <apply>
                  <exp/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.02158</cn>
                     </apply>
                     <ci>V</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>alpha_i</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <cn cellml:units="per_second">439</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <exp/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.02352</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <plus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">25</cn>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <cn cellml:units="micromolar">4.5</cn>
               </apply>
               <ci>Ko</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>beta_i</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <cn cellml:units="per_second">656</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <exp/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.000942</cn>
                        <ci>V</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <power/>
                     <cn cellml:units="micromolar">4.5</cn>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.3</cn>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <power/>
                  <ci>Ko</ci>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.3</cn>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>mu</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>alpha_i</ci>
                  <ci>beta_beta</ci>
                  <ci>alpha_alpha</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>alpha_alpha</ci>
                  <ci>beta_i</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
      <variable name="i_Ks" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="g_Ks" units="milliS_per_microF"/>
      <variable name="E_Ks" units="millivolt"/>
      <variable name="PNaK" units="dimensionless" initial_value="0.01833"/>
      <variable name="time" units="second" public_interface="in" private_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="V" units="millivolt" public_interface="in" private_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="R" units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="T" units="kelvin" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="F" units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="Ko" units="millimolar" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="Ki" units="millimolar" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="Nao" units="millimolar" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="Nai" units="millimolar" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="Cai" units="millimolar" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="xs1" units="dimensionless" private_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="xs2" units="dimensionless" private_interface="in"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>E_Ks</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>R</ci>
                     <ci>T</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>F</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <ln/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <ci>Ko</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <times/>
                           <ci>PNaK</ci>
                           <ci>Nao</ci>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <ci>Ki</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <times/>
                           <ci>PNaK</ci>
                           <ci>Nai</ci>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>g_Ks</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1.17</cn>
               <cn cellml:units="milliS_per_cm2">0.433</cn>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.6</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                           <power/>
                           <apply>
                              <divide/>
                              <cn cellml:units="millimolar" type="e-notation">3.8<sep/>-5</cn>
                              <ci>Cai</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1.4</cn>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_Ks</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>g_Ks</ci>
               <ci>xs1</ci>
               <ci>xs2</ci>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>V</ci>
                  <ci>E_Ks</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_xs1_gate">
      <variable name="xs1" units="dimensionless" initial_value="0.00447" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="xs1_infinity" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="tau_xs1" units="second"/>
      <variable name="V" units="millivolt" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="time" units="second" public_interface="in"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>xs1_infinity</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <exp/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <apply>
                              <minus/>
                              <ci>V</ci>
                              <cn cellml:units="millivolt">1.5</cn>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="millivolt">16.7</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>tau_xs1</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <cn cellml:units="second">0.001</cn>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless" type="e-notation">7.19<sep/>-5</cn>
                        <apply>
                           <plus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">30</cn>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.148</cn>
                              </apply>
                              <apply>
                                 <plus/>
                                 <ci>V</ci>
                                 <cn cellml:units="millivolt">30</cn>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.000131</cn>
                        <apply>
                           <plus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">30</cn>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.0687</cn>
                              <apply>
                                 <plus/>
                                 <ci>V</ci>
                                 <cn cellml:units="millivolt">30</cn>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>xs1</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>xs1_infinity</ci>
                  <ci>xs1</ci>
               </apply>
               <ci>tau_xs1</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_xs2_gate">
      <variable name="xs2" units="dimensionless" initial_value="0.00447" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="xs2_infinity" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="tau_xs2" units="second"/>
      <variable name="V" units="millivolt" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="time" units="second" public_interface="in"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>xs2_infinity</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <exp/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <apply>
                              <minus/>
                              <ci>V</ci>
                              <cn cellml:units="millivolt">1.5</cn>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="millivolt">16.7</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>tau_xs2</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">4</cn>
                  <cn cellml:units="second">0.001</cn>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless" type="e-notation">7.19<sep/>-5</cn>
                        <apply>
                           <plus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">30</cn>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.148</cn>
                              </apply>
                              <apply>
                                 <plus/>
                                 <ci>V</ci>
                                 <cn cellml:units="millivolt">30</cn>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.000131</cn>
                        <apply>
                           <plus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">30</cn>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.0687</cn>
                              <apply>
                                 <plus/>
                                 <ci>V</ci>
                                 <cn cellml:units="millivolt">30</cn>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>xs2</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>xs2_infinity</ci>
                  <ci>xs2</ci>
               </apply>
               <ci>tau_xs2</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="time_independent_potassium_current">
      <variable name="i_K1" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="E_K" units="millivolt" public_interface="out" private_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="g_K1" units="milliS_per_cm2"/>
      <variable name="time" units="second" public_interface="in" private_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="V" units="millivolt" public_interface="in" private_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="Ko" units="millimolar" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="Ki" units="millimolar" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="R" units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="T" units="kelvin" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="F" units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="K1_infinity" units="dimensionless" private_interface="in"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>g_K1</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <cn cellml:units="milliS_per_microF">0.75</cn>
               <apply>
                  <root/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <ci>Ko</ci>
                     <cn cellml:units="millimolar">5.4</cn>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>E_K</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>R</ci>
                     <ci>T</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>F</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <ln/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <ci>Ko</ci>
                     <ci>Ki</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_K1</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>g_K1</ci>
               <ci>K1_infinity</ci>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>V</ci>
                  <ci>E_K</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="time_independent_potassium_current_K1_gate">
      <variable name="K1_infinity" units="dimensionless" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="alpha_K1" units="per_second"/>
      <variable name="beta_K1" units="per_second"/>
      <variable name="V" units="millivolt" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="time" units="second" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="E_K" units="millivolt" public_interface="in"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>alpha_K1</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <cn cellml:units="per_second">1020</cn>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <exp/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.2385</cn>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <apply>
                              <minus/>
                              <ci>V</ci>
                              <ci>E_K</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">59.215</cn>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>beta_K1</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1000</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <plus/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn cellml:units="per_second">0.49124</cn>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.08032</cn>
                              <apply>
                                 <plus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <ci>E_K</ci>
                                 </apply>
                                 <cn cellml:units="millivolt">5.476</cn>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <times/>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.06175</cn>
                           <apply>
                              <minus/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <ci>V</ci>
                                 <ci>E_K</ci>
                              </apply>
                              <cn cellml:units="millivolt">594.31</cn>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <exp/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <cn cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.5143</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <plus/>
                           <apply>
                              <minus/>
                              <ci>V</ci>
                              <ci>E_K</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">4.753</cn>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>K1_infinity</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <ci>alpha_K1</ci>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <ci>alpha_K1</ci>
                  <ci>beta_K1</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="plateau_potassium_current">
      <variable name="i_Kp" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="g_Kp" units="milliS_per_microF" initial_value="0.00552"/>
      <variable name="Kp" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="time" units="second" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="V" units="millivolt" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="E_K" units="millivolt" public_interface="in"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>Kp</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <exp/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">7.488</cn>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="millivolt">5.98</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_Kp</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>g_Kp</ci>
               <ci>Kp</ci>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>V</ci>
                  <ci>E_K</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="sodium_activated_potassium_current">
      <variable name="i_K_Na" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="g_K_Na" units="milliS_per_microF"/>
      <variable name="nKNa" units="dimensionless" initial_value="2.8"/>
      <variable name="pona" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="pov" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="kdKNa" units="millimolar" initial_value="66"/>
      <variable name="time" units="second" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="V" units="millivolt" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="Nai" units="millimolar" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="E_K" units="millivolt" public_interface="in"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>g_K_Na</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0</cn>
               <cn cellml:units="milliS_per_microF">0.12848</cn>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>pona</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.85</cn>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <power/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <ci>kdKNa</ci>
                        <ci>Nai</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <ci>nKNa</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>pov</ci>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.8</cn>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.65</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <plus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <plus/>
                              <ci>V</ci>
                              <cn cellml:units="millivolt">125</cn>
                           </apply>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">15</cn>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_K_Na</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>g_K_Na</ci>
               <ci>pona</ci>
               <ci>pov</ci>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>V</ci>
                  <ci>E_K</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="ATP_sensitive_potassium_current">
      <variable name="i_K_ATP" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="g_K_ATP" units="milliS_per_microF"/>
      <variable name="i_K_ATP_on" units="dimensionless" initial_value="1"/>
      <variable name="nATP" units="dimensionless" initial_value="0.24"/>
      <variable name="nicholsarea" units="dimensionless" initial_value="5e-5"/>
      <variable name="ATPi" units="millimolar" initial_value="3"/>
      <variable name="hATP" units="dimensionless" initial_value="2"/>
      <variable name="kATP" units="millimolar" initial_value="0.00025"/>
      <variable name="pATP" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="GKbaraATP" units="milliS_per_microF"/>
      <variable name="time" units="second" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="V" units="millivolt" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="Ko" units="millimolar" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="E_K" units="millivolt" public_interface="in"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>g_K_ATP</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>i_K_ATP_on</ci>
                  <cn cellml:units="milliS_per_microF">0.000193</cn>
               </apply>
               <ci>nicholsarea</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>pATP</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <power/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <ci>ATPi</ci>
                        <ci>kATP</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <ci>hATP</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>GKbaraATP</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>g_K_ATP</ci>
               <ci>pATP</ci>
               <apply>
                  <power/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <ci>Ko</ci>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">4</cn>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>nATP</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_K_ATP</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>GKbaraATP</ci>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>V</ci>
                  <ci>E_K</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="transient_outward_current">
      <variable name="i_to" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="g_to" units="milliS_per_microF"/>
      <variable name="E_K" units="millivolt" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="V" units="millivolt" public_interface="in" private_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="time" units="second" public_interface="in" private_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="rvdv" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="zdv" units="dimensionless" private_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="ydv" units="dimensionless" private_interface="in"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>g_to</ci>
            <cn cellml:units="milliS_per_microF">1.1</cn>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>rvdv</ci>
            <apply>
               <exp/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <ci>V</ci>
                  <cn cellml:units="millivolt">100</cn>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_to</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>g_to</ci>
               <apply>
                  <power/>
                  <ci>zdv</ci>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
               </apply>
               <ci>ydv</ci>
               <ci>rvdv</ci>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>V</ci>
                  <ci>E_K</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="transient_outward_current_zdv_gate">
      <variable name="zdv" units="dimensionless" initial_value="0.01167" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="alpha_zdv" units="per_second"/>
      <variable name="beta_zdv" units="per_second"/>
      <variable name="tau_zdv" units="second"/>
      <variable name="zdv_ss" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="V" units="millivolt" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="time" units="second" public_interface="in"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>alpha_zdv</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <cn cellml:units="per_second">10000</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <exp/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">40</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="millivolt">25</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <exp/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">40</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="millivolt">25</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>beta_zdv</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <cn cellml:units="per_second">10000</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <exp/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <apply>
                              <plus/>
                              <ci>V</ci>
                              <cn cellml:units="millivolt">90</cn>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="millivolt">25</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <exp/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <apply>
                              <plus/>
                              <ci>V</ci>
                              <cn cellml:units="millivolt">90</cn>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="millivolt">25</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>tau_zdv</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <ci>alpha_zdv</ci>
                  <ci>beta_zdv</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>zdv_ss</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <ci>alpha_zdv</ci>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <ci>alpha_zdv</ci>
                  <ci>beta_zdv</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>zdv</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>zdv_ss</ci>
                  <ci>zdv</ci>
               </apply>
               <ci>tau_zdv</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="transient_outward_current_ydv_gate">
      <variable name="ydv" units="dimensionless" initial_value="0.99998" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="alpha_ydv" units="per_second"/>
      <variable name="beta_ydv" units="per_second"/>
      <variable name="tau_ydv" units="second"/>
      <variable name="ydv_ss" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="V" units="millivolt" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="time" units="second" public_interface="in"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>alpha_ydv</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <cn cellml:units="per_second">15</cn>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <exp/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <apply>
                           <plus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">60</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="millivolt">5</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>beta_ydv</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <cn cellml:units="per_second">100</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <exp/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <apply>
                           <plus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">25</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="millivolt">5</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <exp/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <apply>
                           <plus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="millivolt">25</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="millivolt">5</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>tau_ydv</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <ci>alpha_ydv</ci>
                  <ci>beta_ydv</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>ydv_ss</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <ci>alpha_ydv</ci>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <ci>alpha_ydv</ci>
                  <ci>beta_ydv</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>ydv</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>ydv_ss</ci>
                  <ci>ydv</ci>
               </apply>
               <ci>tau_ydv</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="sarcolemmal_calcium_pump">
      <variable name="i_p_Ca" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="K_mpCa" units="millimolar" initial_value="0.0005"/>
      <variable name="I_pCa" units="microA_per_microF" initial_value="1.15"/>
      <variable name="time" units="second" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="Cai" units="millimolar" public_interface="in"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_p_Ca</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>I_pCa</ci>
                  <ci>Cai</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <ci>K_mpCa</ci>
                  <ci>Cai</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="sodium_background_current">
      <variable name="i_Na_b" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="g_Nab" units="milliS_per_microF" initial_value="0.004"/>
      <variable name="time" units="second" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="V" units="millivolt" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="E_Na" units="millivolt" public_interface="in"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_Na_b</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>g_Nab</ci>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>V</ci>
                  <ci>E_Na</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="calcium_background_current">
      <variable name="i_Ca_b" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="g_Cab" units="milliS_per_microF" initial_value="0.003016"/>
      <variable name="E_Ca" units="millivolt" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="time" units="second" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="V" units="millivolt" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="R" units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="T" units="kelvin" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="F" units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="Cai" units="millimolar" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="Cao" units="millimolar" public_interface="in"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>E_Ca</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>R</ci>
                     <ci>T</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                     <ci>F</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <ln/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <ci>Cao</ci>
                     <ci>Cai</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_Ca_b</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>g_Cab</ci>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>V</ci>
                  <ci>E_Ca</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="sodium_potassium_pump">
      <variable name="i_NaK" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="I_NaK" units="microA_per_microF" initial_value="2.25"/>
      <variable name="f_NaK" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="K_mNai" units="millimolar" initial_value="10"/>
      <variable name="K_mKo" units="millimolar" initial_value="1.5"/>
      <variable name="sigma" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="time" units="second" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="V" units="millivolt" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="R" units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="T" units="kelvin" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="F" units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="Nai" units="millimolar" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="Nao" units="millimolar" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="Ko" units="millimolar" public_interface="in"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>sigma</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">7</cn>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <exp/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <ci>Nao</ci>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">67.3</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>f_NaK</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.1245</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.1</cn>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>V</ci>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.0365</cn>
                     <ci>sigma</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <ci>V</ci>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_NaK</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>I_NaK</ci>
                        <ci>f_NaK</ci>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                           <power/>
                           <apply>
                              <divide/>
                              <ci>K_mNai</ci>
                              <ci>Nai</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>Ko</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <ci>Ko</ci>
                  <ci>K_mKo</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="non_specific_calcium_activated_current">
      <variable name="i_ns_Ca" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="i_ns_Na" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="i_ns_K" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="P_ns_Ca" units="cm_per_second"/>
      <variable name="gamma_Nai" units="dimensionless" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="gamma_Nao" units="dimensionless" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="gamma_Ki" units="dimensionless" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="gamma_Ko" units="dimensionless" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="R" units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="T" units="kelvin" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="F" units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="Cao" units="millimolar" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="Nao" units="millimolar" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="Ko" units="millimolar" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="Nai" units="millimolar" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="Ki" units="millimolar" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="I_ns_Na" units="microA_per_microF"/>
      <variable name="I_ns_K" units="microA_per_microF"/>
      <variable name="K_m_ns_Ca" units="millimolar" initial_value="0.0012"/>
      <variable name="time" units="second" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="Cai" units="millimolar" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="V" units="millivolt" public_interface="in"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>P_ns_Ca</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0</cn>
               <cn cellml:units="cm_per_second" type="e-notation">1.75<sep/>-7</cn>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>I_ns_Na</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>P_ns_Ca</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <power/>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>V</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <power/>
                           <ci>F</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>R</ci>
                        <ci>T</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>gamma_Nai</ci>
                        <ci>Nai</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <divide/>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                 <ci>V</ci>
                                 <ci>F</ci>
                              </apply>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <ci>R</ci>
                                 <ci>T</ci>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>gamma_Nao</ci>
                        <ci>Nao</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <exp/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <apply>
                           <times/>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <ci>F</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <times/>
                           <ci>R</ci>
                           <ci>T</ci>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>I_ns_K</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>P_ns_Ca</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <power/>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>V</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <power/>
                           <ci>F</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>R</ci>
                        <ci>T</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>gamma_Ki</ci>
                        <ci>Ki</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <divide/>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                 <ci>V</ci>
                                 <ci>F</ci>
                              </apply>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <ci>R</ci>
                                 <ci>T</ci>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>gamma_Ko</ci>
                        <ci>Ko</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <exp/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <apply>
                           <times/>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <ci>F</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <times/>
                           <ci>R</ci>
                           <ci>T</ci>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_ns_Na</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>I_ns_Na</ci>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <power/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <ci>K_m_ns_Ca</ci>
                        <ci>Cai</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_ns_K</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>I_ns_K</ci>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <power/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <ci>K_m_ns_Ca</ci>
                        <ci>Cai</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_ns_Ca</ci>
            <apply>
               <plus/>
               <ci>i_ns_Na</ci>
               <ci>i_ns_K</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="Na_Ca_exchanger">
      <variable name="i_NaCa" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="c1" units="microA_per_microF" initial_value="0.00025"/>
      <variable name="c2" units="millimolar" initial_value="0.0001"/>
      <variable name="gamma" units="dimensionless" initial_value="0.15"/>
      <variable name="time" units="second" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="V" units="millivolt" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="R" units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="T" units="kelvin" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="F" units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="Nai" units="millimolar" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="Nao" units="millimolar" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="Cai" units="millimolar" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="Cao" units="millimolar" public_interface="in"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_NaCa</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>c1</ci>
                  <apply>
                     <exp/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <apply>
                           <times/>
                           <apply>
                              <minus/>
                              <ci>gamma</ci>
                              <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                           </apply>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <ci>F</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <times/>
                           <ci>R</ci>
                           <ci>T</ci>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <divide/>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <ci>V</ci>
                                 <ci>F</ci>
                              </apply>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <ci>R</ci>
                                 <ci>T</ci>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <power/>
                           <ci>Nai</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>Cao</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                           <power/>
                           <ci>Nao</ci>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>Cai</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>c2</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <ci>gamma</ci>
                                 <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>V</ci>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <apply>
                           <times/>
                           <apply>
                              <exp/>
                              <apply>
                                 <divide/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <times/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <ci>F</ci>
                                 </apply>
                                 <apply>
                                    <times/>
                                    <ci>R</ci>
                                    <ci>T</ci>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <power/>
                              <ci>Nai</ci>
                              <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
                           </apply>
                           <ci>Cao</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <times/>
                           <apply>
                              <power/>
                              <ci>Nao</ci>
                              <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
                           </apply>
                           <ci>Cai</ci>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="calcium_dynamics">
      <variable name="i_rel" units="millimolar_per_second" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="i_up" units="millimolar_per_second" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="i_leak" units="millimolar_per_second" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="i_tr" units="millimolar_per_second" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="G_rel" units="per_second"/>
      <variable name="G_rel_max" units="per_second" initial_value="60000"/>
      <variable name="G_rel_overload" units="per_second" initial_value="4000"/>
      <variable name="tau_tr" units="second" initial_value="0.18"/>
      <variable name="K_mrel" units="millimolar" initial_value="0.0008"/>
      <variable name="delta_Ca_ith" units="millimolar" initial_value="0.00018"/>
      <variable name="CSQN_max" units="millimolar" initial_value="10"/>
      <variable name="K_mCSQN" units="millimolar" initial_value="0.8"/>
      <variable name="K_mup" units="millimolar" initial_value="0.00092"/>
      <variable name="K_leak" units="per_second"/>
      <variable name="I_up" units="millimolar_per_second" initial_value="8.75"/>
      <variable name="Ca_NSR_max" units="millimolar" initial_value="15"/>
      <variable name="time" units="second" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="F" units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="Cai" units="millimolar" initial_value="0.000104" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="Cao" units="millimolar" initial_value="1.8" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="Ca_JSR" units="millimolar" initial_value="1.516" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="Ca_NSR" units="millimolar" initial_value="1.518" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="V_myo" units="micro_litre" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="A_cap" units="mm2" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="V_JSR" units="micro_litre"/>
      <variable name="V_NSR" units="micro_litre"/>
      <variable name="i_NaCa" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="i_CaCa" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="i_p_Ca" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="i_Ca_b" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="i_Ca_T" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="K_mTn" units="millimolar" initial_value="0.0005"/>
      <variable name="K_mCMDN" units="millimolar" initial_value="0.00238"/>
      <variable name="Tn_max" units="millimolar" initial_value="0.07"/>
      <variable name="CMDN_max" units="millimolar" initial_value="0.05"/>
      <variable name="dVdt" units="dimensionless" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="APtrack" units="dimensionless" initial_value="0"/>
      <variable name="APtrack2" units="dimensionless" initial_value="0"/>
      <variable name="APtrack3" units="dimensionless" initial_value="0"/>
      <variable name="Cainfluxtrack" units="dimensionless" initial_value="0"/>
      <variable name="OVRLDtrack" units="dimensionless" initial_value="0"/>
      <variable name="OVRLDtrack2" units="dimensionless" initial_value="0"/>
      <variable name="OVRLDtrack3" units="dimensionless" initial_value="0"/>
      <variable name="CSQNthresh" units="millimolar" initial_value="0.7"/>
      <variable name="Logicthresh" units="dimensionless" initial_value="0.98"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>V_JSR</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.0048</cn>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.68</cn>
               </apply>
               <ci>V_myo</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>V_NSR</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.0552</cn>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.68</cn>
               </apply>
               <ci>V_myo</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>APtrack</ci>
            </apply>
            <piecewise>
               <piece>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">100000</cn>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                           <ci>APtrack</ci>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">500</cn>
                        <ci>APtrack</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <gt/>
                     <ci>dVdt</ci>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">150000</cn>
                  </apply>
               </piece>
               <otherwise>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">500</cn>
                     </apply>
                     <ci>APtrack</ci>
                  </apply>
               </otherwise>
            </piecewise>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>APtrack2</ci>
            </apply>
            <piecewise>
               <piece>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">100000</cn>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                           <ci>APtrack2</ci>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">500</cn>
                        <ci>APtrack2</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <and/>
                     <apply>
                        <lt/>
                        <ci>APtrack</ci>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.2</cn>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <gt/>
                        <ci>APtrack</ci>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.18</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </piece>
               <otherwise>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">500</cn>
                     </apply>
                     <ci>APtrack2</ci>
                  </apply>
               </otherwise>
            </piecewise>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>APtrack3</ci>
            </apply>
            <piecewise>
               <piece>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">100000</cn>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                           <ci>APtrack3</ci>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">500</cn>
                        <ci>APtrack3</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <and/>
                     <apply>
                        <lt/>
                        <ci>APtrack</ci>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.2</cn>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <gt/>
                        <ci>APtrack</ci>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.18</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </piece>
               <otherwise>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">10</cn>
                     </apply>
                     <ci>APtrack3</ci>
                  </apply>
               </otherwise>
            </piecewise>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>Cainfluxtrack</ci>
            </apply>
            <piecewise>
               <piece>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <ci>A_cap</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <plus/>
                           <apply>
                              <minus/>
                              <apply>
                                 <plus/>
                                 <ci>i_CaCa</ci>
                                 <ci>i_Ca_T</ci>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>i_NaCa</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <ci>i_p_Ca</ci>
                           <ci>i_Ca_b</ci>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                        <ci>V_myo</ci>
                        <ci>F</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <gt/>
                     <ci>APtrack</ci>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.2</cn>
                  </apply>
               </piece>
               <piece>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <and/>
                     <apply>
                        <gt/>
                        <ci>APtrack2</ci>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.01</cn>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <leq/>
                        <ci>APtrack</ci>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.2</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </piece>
               <otherwise>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">500</cn>
                     </apply>
                     <ci>Cainfluxtrack</ci>
                  </apply>
               </otherwise>
            </piecewise>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>OVRLDtrack</ci>
            </apply>
            <piecewise>
               <piece>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">50000</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <ci>OVRLDtrack</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <and/>
                     <apply>
                        <gt/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                           <apply>
                              <plus/>
                              <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                              <apply>
                                 <divide/>
                                 <ci>K_mCSQN</ci>
                                 <ci>Ca_NSR</ci>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>CSQNthresh</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <lt/>
                        <ci>OVRLDtrack3</ci>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.37</cn>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <lt/>
                        <ci>APtrack3</ci>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.37</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </piece>
               <otherwise>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">500</cn>
                     </apply>
                     <ci>OVRLDtrack</ci>
                  </apply>
               </otherwise>
            </piecewise>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>OVRLDtrack2</ci>
            </apply>
            <piecewise>
               <piece>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">50000</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <ci>OVRLDtrack2</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <and/>
                     <apply>
                        <gt/>
                        <ci>OVRLDtrack</ci>
                        <ci>Logicthresh</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <lt/>
                        <ci>OVRLDtrack2</ci>
                        <ci>Logicthresh</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </piece>
               <otherwise>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">500</cn>
                     </apply>
                     <ci>OVRLDtrack2</ci>
                  </apply>
               </otherwise>
            </piecewise>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>OVRLDtrack3</ci>
            </apply>
            <piecewise>
               <piece>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">50000</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <ci>OVRLDtrack3</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <and/>
                     <apply>
                        <gt/>
                        <ci>OVRLDtrack</ci>
                        <ci>Logicthresh</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <lt/>
                        <ci>OVRLDtrack3</ci>
                        <ci>Logicthresh</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </piece>
               <otherwise>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">10</cn>
                     </apply>
                     <ci>OVRLDtrack3</ci>
                  </apply>
               </otherwise>
            </piecewise>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>G_rel</ci>
            <piecewise>
               <piece>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <apply>
                           <times/>
                           <ci>G_rel_max</ci>
                           <apply>
                              <minus/>
                              <ci>Cainfluxtrack</ci>
                              <ci>delta_Ca_ith</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <apply>
                              <plus/>
                              <ci>K_mrel</ci>
                              <ci>Cainfluxtrack</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <ci>delta_Ca_ith</ci>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <ci>APtrack2</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <ci>APtrack2</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <gt/>
                     <ci>Cainfluxtrack</ci>
                     <ci>delta_Ca_ith</ci>
                  </apply>
               </piece>
               <piece>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>G_rel_overload</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <ci>OVRLDtrack2</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <ci>OVRLDtrack2</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <and/>
                     <apply>
                        <leq/>
                        <ci>Cainfluxtrack</ci>
                        <ci>delta_Ca_ith</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <gt/>
                        <ci>OVRLDtrack2</ci>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </piece>
               <otherwise>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0</cn>
               </otherwise>
            </piecewise>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_rel</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>G_rel</ci>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>Ca_JSR</ci>
                  <ci>Cai</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_up</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>I_up</ci>
                  <ci>Cai</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <ci>Cai</ci>
                  <ci>K_mup</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>K_leak</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <ci>I_up</ci>
               <ci>Ca_NSR_max</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_leak</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>K_leak</ci>
               <ci>Ca_NSR</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_tr</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>Ca_NSR</ci>
                  <ci>Ca_JSR</ci>
               </apply>
               <ci>tau_tr</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>Ca_JSR</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <plus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <apply>
                           <times/>
                           <ci>CSQN_max</ci>
                           <ci>K_mCSQN</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <power/>
                           <apply>
                              <plus/>
                              <ci>K_mCSQN</ci>
                              <ci>Ca_JSR</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>i_tr</ci>
                  <ci>i_rel</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>Ca_NSR</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <plus/>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <ci>i_tr</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>V_JSR</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <ci>V_NSR</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>i_leak</ci>
               </apply>
               <ci>i_up</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>Cai</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <plus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <apply>
                           <times/>
                           <ci>CMDN_max</ci>
                           <ci>K_mCMDN</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <power/>
                           <apply>
                              <plus/>
                              <ci>K_mCMDN</ci>
                              <ci>Cai</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <apply>
                           <times/>
                           <ci>Tn_max</ci>
                           <ci>K_mTn</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <power/>
                           <apply>
                              <plus/>
                              <ci>K_mTn</ci>
                              <ci>Cai</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <ci>A_cap</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <plus/>
                           <apply>
                              <minus/>
                              <apply>
                                 <plus/>
                                 <ci>i_CaCa</ci>
                                 <ci>i_Ca_T</ci>
                              </apply>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                 <ci>i_NaCa</ci>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                           <ci>i_p_Ca</ci>
                           <ci>i_Ca_b</ci>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                        <ci>V_myo</ci>
                        <ci>F</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>i_rel</ci>
                        <ci>V_JSR</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <ci>V_myo</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <ci>i_leak</ci>
                           <ci>i_up</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>V_NSR</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <ci>V_myo</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="ionic_concentrations">
      <variable name="Nai" units="millimolar" initial_value="10.532" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="Nao" units="millimolar" initial_value="132" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="Ki" units="millimolar" initial_value="140.557" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="Ko" units="millimolar" initial_value="4.5" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="A_cap" units="mm2" initial_value="1.434e-7" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="preplength" units="mm" initial_value="0.001"/>
      <variable name="radius" units="mm" initial_value="1.1e-4"/>
      <variable name="volume" units="micro_litre"/>
      <variable name="V_myo" units="micro_litre" public_interface="out"/>
      <variable name="time" units="second" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="F" units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="i_Na" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="i_CaNa" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="i_Na_b" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="i_ns_Na" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="i_NaCa" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="i_NaK" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="i_CaK" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="i_Kr" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="i_Ks" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="i_K1" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="i_Kp" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="i_K_Na" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="i_K_ATP" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="i_ns_K" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="in"/>
      <variable name="i_to" units="microA_per_microF" public_interface="in"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>volume</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <pi/>
               <ci>preplength</ci>
               <apply>
                  <power/>
                  <ci>radius</ci>
                  <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>V_myo</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.68</cn>
               <ci>volume</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>Nai</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0</cn>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <plus/>
                     <ci>i_Na</ci>
                     <ci>i_CaNa</ci>
                     <ci>i_Na_b</ci>
                     <ci>i_ns_Na</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>i_NaCa</ci>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>i_NaK</ci>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>A_cap</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>V_myo</ci>
                  <ci>F</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>Ki</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0</cn>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <plus/>
                     <ci>i_CaK</ci>
                     <ci>i_Kr</ci>
                     <ci>i_Ks</ci>
                     <ci>i_K1</ci>
                     <ci>i_Kp</ci>
                     <ci>i_K_Na</ci>
                     <ci>i_K_ATP</ci>
                     <ci>i_to</ci>
                     <ci>i_ns_K</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <ci>i_NaK</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>A_cap</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>V_myo</ci>
                  <ci>F</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <group>
      <relationship_ref relationship="containment"/>
      <component_ref component="membrane">
         <component_ref component="fast_sodium_current">
            <component_ref component="Na_channel_states"/>
         </component_ref>
         <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel">
            <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_d_gate"/>
            <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_f_gate"/>
            <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_f_Ca_gate"/>
         </component_ref>
         <component_ref component="T_type_Ca_channel">
            <component_ref component="T_type_Ca_channel_b_gate"/>
            <component_ref component="T_type_Ca_channel_g_gate"/>
         </component_ref>
         <component_ref component="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
            <component_ref component="Kr_channel_states"/>
         </component_ref>
         <component_ref component="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
            <component_ref component="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_xs1_gate"/>
            <component_ref component="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_xs2_gate"/>
         </component_ref>
         <component_ref component="time_independent_potassium_current">
            <component_ref component="time_independent_potassium_current_K1_gate"/>
         </component_ref>
         <component_ref component="transient_outward_current">
            <component_ref component="transient_outward_current_zdv_gate"/>
            <component_ref component="transient_outward_current_ydv_gate"/>
         </component_ref>
         <component_ref component="Na_Ca_exchanger"/>
         <component_ref component="plateau_potassium_current"/>
         <component_ref component="sodium_activated_potassium_current"/>
         <component_ref component="ATP_sensitive_potassium_current"/>
         <component_ref component="sarcolemmal_calcium_pump"/>
         <component_ref component="sodium_background_current"/>
         <component_ref component="calcium_background_current"/>
         <component_ref component="sodium_potassium_pump"/>
         <component_ref component="non_specific_calcium_activated_current"/>
         <component_ref component="ionic_concentrations"/>
         <component_ref component="calcium_dynamics"/>
      </component_ref>
   </group>
   <group>
      <relationship_ref relationship="encapsulation"/>
      <component_ref component="fast_sodium_current">
         <component_ref component="Na_channel_states"/>
      </component_ref>
      <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel">
         <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_d_gate"/>
         <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_f_gate"/>
         <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_f_Ca_gate"/>
      </component_ref>
      <component_ref component="T_type_Ca_channel">
         <component_ref component="T_type_Ca_channel_b_gate"/>
         <component_ref component="T_type_Ca_channel_g_gate"/>
      </component_ref>
      <component_ref component="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
         <component_ref component="Kr_channel_states"/>
      </component_ref>
      <component_ref component="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
         <component_ref component="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_xs1_gate"/>
         <component_ref component="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_xs2_gate"/>
      </component_ref>
      <component_ref component="time_independent_potassium_current">
         <component_ref component="time_independent_potassium_current_K1_gate"/>
      </component_ref>
      <component_ref component="transient_outward_current">
         <component_ref component="transient_outward_current_zdv_gate"/>
         <component_ref component="transient_outward_current_ydv_gate"/>
      </component_ref>
   </group>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="membrane" component_2="environment"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="fast_sodium_current" component_2="environment"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="L_type_Ca_channel" component_2="environment"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="T_type_Ca_channel" component_2="environment"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current" component_2="environment"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current" component_2="environment"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="time_independent_potassium_current" component_2="environment"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="transient_outward_current" component_2="environment"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="Na_Ca_exchanger" component_2="environment"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="plateau_potassium_current" component_2="environment"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="sarcolemmal_calcium_pump" component_2="environment"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="sodium_background_current" component_2="environment"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="calcium_background_current" component_2="environment"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="sodium_potassium_pump" component_2="environment"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="sodium_activated_potassium_current" component_2="environment"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="ATP_sensitive_potassium_current" component_2="environment"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="non_specific_calcium_activated_current" component_2="environment"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="ionic_concentrations" component_2="environment"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="calcium_dynamics" component_2="environment"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="membrane" component_2="fast_sodium_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="i_Na" variable_2="i_Na"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="R" variable_2="R"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="T" variable_2="T"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="F" variable_2="F"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="membrane" component_2="L_type_Ca_channel"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="i_Ca_L" variable_2="i_Ca_L"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="R" variable_2="R"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="T" variable_2="T"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="F" variable_2="F"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="membrane" component_2="T_type_Ca_channel"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="i_Ca_T" variable_2="i_Ca_T"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="membrane" component_2="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="i_Kr" variable_2="i_Kr"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="R" variable_2="R"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="T" variable_2="T"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="F" variable_2="F"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="membrane" component_2="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="i_Ks" variable_2="i_Ks"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="R" variable_2="R"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="T" variable_2="T"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="F" variable_2="F"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="membrane" component_2="sodium_activated_potassium_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="i_K_Na" variable_2="i_K_Na"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="membrane" component_2="ATP_sensitive_potassium_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="i_K_ATP" variable_2="i_K_ATP"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="membrane" component_2="transient_outward_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="i_to" variable_2="i_to"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="membrane" component_2="Na_Ca_exchanger"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="i_NaCa" variable_2="i_NaCa"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="R" variable_2="R"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="T" variable_2="T"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="F" variable_2="F"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="membrane" component_2="time_independent_potassium_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="i_K1" variable_2="i_K1"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="R" variable_2="R"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="T" variable_2="T"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="F" variable_2="F"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="membrane" component_2="plateau_potassium_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="i_Kp" variable_2="i_Kp"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="membrane" component_2="sarcolemmal_calcium_pump"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="i_p_Ca" variable_2="i_p_Ca"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="membrane" component_2="sodium_background_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="i_Na_b" variable_2="i_Na_b"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="membrane" component_2="calcium_background_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="i_Ca_b" variable_2="i_Ca_b"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="R" variable_2="R"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="T" variable_2="T"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="F" variable_2="F"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="membrane" component_2="sodium_potassium_pump"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="i_NaK" variable_2="i_NaK"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="R" variable_2="R"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="T" variable_2="T"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="F" variable_2="F"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="membrane" component_2="non_specific_calcium_activated_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="R" variable_2="R"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="T" variable_2="T"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="F" variable_2="F"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="i_ns_Ca" variable_2="i_ns_Ca"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="membrane" component_2="ionic_concentrations"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="F" variable_2="F"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="membrane" component_2="calcium_dynamics"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="F" variable_2="F"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="dVdt" variable_2="dVdt"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="fast_sodium_current" component_2="ionic_concentrations"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="i_Na" variable_2="i_Na"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="Nao" variable_2="Nao"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="Nai" variable_2="Nai"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="fast_sodium_current" component_2="sodium_background_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="E_Na" variable_2="E_Na"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="L_type_Ca_channel" component_2="ionic_concentrations"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="Nao" variable_2="Nao"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="Nai" variable_2="Nai"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="Ko" variable_2="Ko"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="Ki" variable_2="Ki"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="i_CaNa" variable_2="i_CaNa"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="i_CaK" variable_2="i_CaK"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="L_type_Ca_channel" component_2="calcium_dynamics"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="Cai" variable_2="Cai"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="Cao" variable_2="Cao"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="i_CaCa" variable_2="i_CaCa"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="T_type_Ca_channel" component_2="calcium_dynamics"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="i_Ca_T" variable_2="i_Ca_T"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current" component_2="ionic_concentrations"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="Ki" variable_2="Ki"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="Ko" variable_2="Ko"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="Nao" variable_2="Nao"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="Nai" variable_2="Nai"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="i_Ks" variable_2="i_Ks"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current" component_2="calcium_dynamics"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="Cai" variable_2="Cai"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current" component_2="ionic_concentrations"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="Ki" variable_2="Ki"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="Ko" variable_2="Ko"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="i_Kr" variable_2="i_Kr"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="transient_outward_current" component_2="ionic_concentrations"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="i_to" variable_2="i_to"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="Na_Ca_exchanger" component_2="ionic_concentrations"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="Nai" variable_2="Nai"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="Nao" variable_2="Nao"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="i_NaCa" variable_2="i_NaCa"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="Na_Ca_exchanger" component_2="calcium_dynamics"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="Cai" variable_2="Cai"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="Cao" variable_2="Cao"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="i_NaCa" variable_2="i_NaCa"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="time_independent_potassium_current" component_2="ionic_concentrations"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="Ki" variable_2="Ki"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="Ko" variable_2="Ko"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="i_K1" variable_2="i_K1"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="sodium_activated_potassium_current" component_2="ionic_concentrations"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="Nai" variable_2="Nai"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="i_K_Na" variable_2="i_K_Na"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="ATP_sensitive_potassium_current" component_2="ionic_concentrations"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="Ko" variable_2="Ko"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="i_K_ATP" variable_2="i_K_ATP"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="plateau_potassium_current" component_2="time_independent_potassium_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="E_K" variable_2="E_K"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="sodium_activated_potassium_current" component_2="time_independent_potassium_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="E_K" variable_2="E_K"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="ATP_sensitive_potassium_current" component_2="time_independent_potassium_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="E_K" variable_2="E_K"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="transient_outward_current" component_2="time_independent_potassium_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="E_K" variable_2="E_K"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="plateau_potassium_current" component_2="ionic_concentrations"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="i_Kp" variable_2="i_Kp"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="sarcolemmal_calcium_pump" component_2="calcium_dynamics"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="i_p_Ca" variable_2="i_p_Ca"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="Cai" variable_2="Cai"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="T_type_Ca_channel" component_2="calcium_background_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="E_Ca" variable_2="E_Ca"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="sodium_background_current" component_2="ionic_concentrations"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="i_Na_b" variable_2="i_Na_b"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="calcium_background_current" component_2="calcium_dynamics"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="Cai" variable_2="Cai"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="Cao" variable_2="Cao"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="i_Ca_b" variable_2="i_Ca_b"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="sodium_potassium_pump" component_2="ionic_concentrations"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="Nai" variable_2="Nai"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="Nao" variable_2="Nao"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="Ko" variable_2="Ko"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="i_NaK" variable_2="i_NaK"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="non_specific_calcium_activated_current" component_2="ionic_concentrations"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="Nao" variable_2="Nao"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="Nai" variable_2="Nai"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="Ko" variable_2="Ko"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="Ki" variable_2="Ki"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="i_ns_Na" variable_2="i_ns_Na"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="i_ns_K" variable_2="i_ns_K"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="non_specific_calcium_activated_current" component_2="calcium_dynamics"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="Cai" variable_2="Cai"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="Cao" variable_2="Cao"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="L_type_Ca_channel" component_2="non_specific_calcium_activated_current"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="gamma_Nao" variable_2="gamma_Nao"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="gamma_Nai" variable_2="gamma_Nai"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="gamma_Ko" variable_2="gamma_Ko"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="gamma_Ki" variable_2="gamma_Ki"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="fast_sodium_current" component_2="Na_channel_states"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="P_O_Na" variable_2="P_O_Na"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="L_type_Ca_channel" component_2="L_type_Ca_channel_d_gate"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="d" variable_2="d"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="L_type_Ca_channel" component_2="L_type_Ca_channel_f_gate"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="f" variable_2="f"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="L_type_Ca_channel" component_2="L_type_Ca_channel_f_Ca_gate"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="f_Ca" variable_2="f_Ca"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="Cai" variable_2="Cai"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="T_type_Ca_channel" component_2="T_type_Ca_channel_b_gate"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="b" variable_2="b"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="T_type_Ca_channel" component_2="T_type_Ca_channel_g_gate"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="g" variable_2="g"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current" component_2="Kr_channel_states"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="P_O" variable_2="P_O"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="Ko" variable_2="Ko"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current" component_2="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_xs1_gate"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="xs1" variable_2="xs1"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current" component_2="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_xs2_gate"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="xs2" variable_2="xs2"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="time_independent_potassium_current" component_2="time_independent_potassium_current_K1_gate"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="K1_infinity" variable_2="K1_infinity"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="E_K" variable_2="E_K"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="transient_outward_current" component_2="transient_outward_current_ydv_gate"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="ydv" variable_2="ydv"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="transient_outward_current" component_2="transient_outward_current_zdv_gate"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="zdv" variable_2="zdv"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="calcium_dynamics" component_2="ionic_concentrations"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="V_myo" variable_2="V_myo"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="A_cap" variable_2="A_cap"/>
   </connection>
   
   <rdf:RDF>
  <rdf:Bag rdf:about="rdf:#9a2484a4-5347-4c2a-ae56-1ba2ecf92d03">
    <rdf:li>cardiac</rdf:li>
    <rdf:li>Brugada Syndrome</rdf:li>
    <rdf:li>Long QT Syndrome</rdf:li>
    <rdf:li>electrophysiology</rdf:li>
    <rdf:li>na channel</rdf:li>
  </rdf:Bag>
  <rdf:Seq rdf:about="rdf:#b962ed3b-3bf1-42c2-abc2-1f84f04fb6ea">
    <rdf:li rdf:resource="rdf:#81fab56d-f9f6-4aea-941e-aee79bacbeac"/>
    <rdf:li rdf:resource="rdf:#c94a6f50-ae93-4b96-b843-c19a09ad2a42"/>
  </rdf:Seq>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="">
    <dc:title>Na Channel Mutation That Causes Both Brugada Syndrome and Long-QT Syndrome Phenotypes: A Simulation Study of Mechanism (Wild Type Epicardial Cell)</dc:title>
	<dc:publisher>The University of Auckland, The Bioengineering Institute</dc:publisher>
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Source
Derived from workspace Clancy, Rudy, 2002 at changeset 7c9d5e445758.
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License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.